• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.197-207
• /
• 2015

In baseball game, the hitting ability of batter is frequently assessed by a batting average, a run batted in, a home run, a run scored, an on-base percentage, etc. Recently, more comprehensive indicators such as OPS, ISO, SECA, TA, RC and XR are often used. But, these measures generally shows large deviations since they are calculated from the data for a certain period of time, and they are not an estimate of a population parameter, either. In this paper, we will presume the pure hitting ability of the korea professional baseball players as a parameter which is depend upon at bat. We will estimate the parameter by using the Bayesian method.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.607-615
• /
• 2005

Recently the interval estimation of a binomial proportion is revisited in various literatures. This is mainly due to the erratic behavior of the coverage probability of the will-known Wald confidence interval. Various alternatives have been proposed. Among them, Agresti-Coull confidence interval has been recommended by Brown et al. (2001) with other confidence intervals for large sample, say n $\ge$ 40. On the other hand, a noninformative Bayesian approach called Polya posterior often produces statistics with good frequentist's properties. In this note, an interval estimator is developed using weighted Polya posterior. The resulting interval estimator is essentially the Agresti-Coull confidence interval with some improved features. It is shown that the weighted Polys posterior produce an effective interval estimator for small sample size and a severely skewed binomial distribution.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.123-138
• /
• 1998

Characteristics of element responses of Panasonic UD802 personnel dosimeters in the X, ${\beta}$, ${\gamma}$, ${\gamma}/X$, ${\gamma}/{\beta}$ and ${\gamma}$/neutron mixed fields were assessed. A dose-response algorithm has been developed to decide the high probability of a radiation type and energy by using the distribution in all six ratios of the multi-element TLD. To calculate the 4-element response factors and ratios between the elements of the Panasonic TLDs in the X, $\beta$, and $\gamma$ radiation fields, Panasonic’s UD802 TLDs were irradiated with KINS’s reference irradiation facility. In the photon radiation field, this study confirms that element-3 (E3) and element-4 (E4) of the Panasonic TLDs show energy dependent both in low- and intermediate-energy range, while element-1 (E1) and element-2 (E2) show little energy dependency in the entire whole range. The algorithm, which was developed in this study, was applied to the Panasonic personnel dosimetry system with UD716AGL reader and UD802 TLDs. Performance tests of the algorithm developed was conducted according to the standards and criteria recommended in the ANSI N13.11. The sum of biases and standard deviations was less than 0.232. The values of biases and standard deviations are distributed within a triangle of a lateral value of 0.3 in the ordinate and abscissa, With the above algorithm, Panasonic TLDs satisfactorily perform optimum dose assessment even under an abnormal response of the TLD elements to the energy imparted. This algorithm can be applied to a more rigorous dose assessment by distinguishing an unexpected dose from the planned dose for the most practical purposes, and is useful in conducting an effective personnel dose control program.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.415-420
• /
• 2009

공학 분야에 있어서 수치 해석적 연구가 많은 주목을 받고 있다. 경제적 측면을 비롯한 다양한 측면에 있어서 모의의 간편성으로 인해 하천에서의 수리학적 거동모의에 수치해석 모의 분석법이 쓰이고 있는데 모의결과의 비교 및 검증을 위해서는 현장 실험 혹은 모형실험이 선행되어야만 한다. 본 연구에서는 강재로 제작된 S자 형태의 만곡부를 두 개 갖고 있는 사행수로 실험 장치를 제작하여 두 가지 유량조건 (30, 60 ${\ell}$/sec.)과 두 가지 하류단 수위조건 (30, 40 cm)에 대하여 수평 2차원 유속분포 자료를 이용하였다. 유속장의 자료는 Sontek사에의 3차원 micro-ADV(Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 주 흐름은 직선구간에서는 중앙에서 최대 유속을 나타내며, 좌우대칭적인 유속분포의 모습을 보이고, 만곡부에서는 수로안쪽을 따라 최대유속이 발생하였다. 이는 만곡부의 정점부분에서의 이차류 발생 및 소멸에 의한 연직방향 유속분포를 통해 발생되는 현상이라 사료된다. 또한 본 연구에서는 2차원 하천해석 상용프로그램인 RAMS (베타버젼)와 SMS를 이용하여 흐름해석을 수행하였다. 실험 자료와의 비교를 통하여 두 가지 상용프로그램의 경우 모두 다소 과대 산정되는 것을 알 수 있었고, 만곡부와 직선부의 유속분포에 대한 모의결과는 RAMS (RAM2)의 결과가 보다 실험결과와 잘 일치하는 것으로 분석되었다. 위와 같은 유속분포의 분석을 통하여 각각의 상용소프트웨어의 적용성을 비교해 보았으며 향후 오염물질 거동해석 모형을 실험수로에 적용하여 그 결과를 비교할 수 있을 것으로 예상한다.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.427-432
• /
• 1997

Re-188 is useful candidate for therapeutic radionuclide because it has a physical half life of 17 hours, contains beta emissions suitable for therapy(maximum energy 2.12MeV) and emits a gamma ray that is suitable for quantitative diagnostic scanning(155keV). To use Re-188 as a radionuclide compound of angioplasty balloon radiotherapy, we investigated the labelling method and biodistribution of Re-188-DTPA We postulated that labeled Re-188-DTPA is preferable because it would be excreted via urinary system more easily than other compounds. To label Re-188 with DTPA, 1ml of 222MBq(6mCi) of Re-188 was added to DTPA solution(DTPA 20mg, $SnCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$ 10mg, pH 3.5) and boiled at $100^{\circ}C$ for 120min in water bath. pH was adjusted to 5 with 2.3% sodium acetate. Labeling efficiency was measured using TLC-SG(acetone, saline). We evaluated biodistribution of Re-188-DTPA in sacrificed mice at 10 and 60 minutes after injection. We acquired images of kidneys, and drew time-activity curves in normal dogs and rats and calculated Tmax and Tl/2 in rats. The labelling efficiency was 95.7% on average. Labelling of Re-188-DTPA was.stable(90% after 5hours) in vitro at room temperature. According to time-activity curves of dogs and rats, it took 15 to 20 minutes after injection for Re-188-DTPA to be washed out through kidneys. In conclusion, Re-188-DTPA was successfully labeled, Re-188-DTPA was stable in vitro and was excreted early via kidneys in animals. We could recommend Re-188-DTPA as radionuclide of potential use in angioplasty balloon radiotherapy.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.183-189
• /
• 2013

In this paper, uncertainties and failure criteria of structure are mathematically expressed by random variables and a limit state equation. A limit state equation is approximated by Fleishman's 3rd order polynomials and the theoretical moments of an approximated limit state equation are calculated. Fleishman introduced a 3rd order polynomial in terms of only standard normal distiribution random variables. But, in this paper, Fleishman's polynomial is extended to various random variables including beta, gamma, uniform distributions. Cumulants and a normalized limit state equation are used to calculate a theoretical moments of a limit state equation. A cumulative distribution function of a normalized limit state equation is approximated by a Pearson system.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.31 no.2A
• /
• pp.115-120
• /
• 2011

The strength of reinforced concrete members has uncertainty from material properties of, concrete and reinforcements, section dimensions, and construction errors and so on. The accurate evaluation of these uncertainties is necessary to assure the reasonable safety. The uncertainties should be taken into account in design using structural reliability theory which requires probabilistic models for such uncertainties. In current Korean design code, most reliability evaluations were performed based on foreign data because of lack of local data. In this paper, the probabilistic models for yield strength of reinforcements were developed based on local data. The effects of various factors, nominal yield strength, diameter of reinforcements, and companies, on the models are also examined. According to data analysed, the effects of those factors are not significant. The probability model for yield strength of reinforcements in Korea can be expressed with Beta distribution based on collected data.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
• /
• v.10D no.3
• /
• pp.471-488
• /
• 2003

A web-based information system, that is a dominant type of information systems, suffers from the “web crisis” in development and maintenance of the system. To cope with the problem, a technology of reengineering to web-based business process, which is one of web engineering, is strongly needed. In this paper, we propose a BPN(Business Process Net) model and reengineering guides along with an application example, which are used for modeling web-based business processes and migrating to web-based information system. BPN model is a type of not only a Beta-distributed stochastics Petri net, but also an executable Activity diagram. BPN is modeled by using the Use Case analysis method and the Beta-distribution. The later is used for the purpose of modeling the uncertainty of execution time and cost of a business process. BPN model and reengineering heuristics might be used as a formal common model for business process specification languages, and analysis and design method for Web-based Information system, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2020.06a
• /
• pp.14-14
• /
• 2020

일반적으로 수문빈도해석은 치수계획 수립에 이용되는 설계강수량, 계획홍수량 등을 산정하기 위해 연최대치계열 또는 연초과치계열 자료를 이용한 극치빈도해석을 수행하고, 확률분포의 우측꼬리(right tail) 부분을 이용하여 확장된 재현기간에 해당하는 확률수문량을 추정한다. 하지만 가뭄 관련 분석에서는 확률분포의 좌측꼬리(left tail) 부분은 이용해 확장된 재현기간별 확률수문량을 추정해야할 경우가 발생한다. 또한 물관리 실무에서 장 단기 운영계획 수립을 위해 이용하는 갈수빈도 유입량 산정 등에서도 평년보다 작은 수문량에 대한 빈도해석이 필요한 경우가 있다. 국가 가뭄정보분석센터에서는 기존에 K-water연구원에서 개발한 빈도해석 프로그램인 K-FAT의 분석모듈을 이용해 극소치계열 또는 갈수빈도 유입량 분석에 특화된 가뭄빈도해석 프로그램을 개발하였다. 본 프로그램은 GEV, Gumbel, Weibull 등 14개의 확률분포형을 포함하며, 모멘트법, 최우도법 및 L-모멘트법을 사용하여 매개변수를 추정한다. 적합도 검정의 경우 χ², K-S, CVM, PPCC 및 수정 Anderson-Darling test를 이용하여 다각적인 검정을 할 수 있도록 하였다. 분석을 위한 입력 자료의 경우 사용자가 전처리를 통해 준비한 연최소치계열 등 연도별 시계열자료를 이용할 수 있으며, 일단위 및 월단위의 강수량 또는 댐 유입량 자료를 이용해 사용자가 원하는 기간의 누적강수량, 평균 유입량으로 변환할 수 있는 자료변환 기능을 추가하여 실무 활용성을 높였다. 또한 최적 확률분포 선정을 위해 참고할 수 있도록 AIC(Akaike information criteria)와 BIC(Bayesian information criteria) 분석이 포함되어 있으며, Bootstrap 기법 등을 이용한 불확실성 산정을 통해 추정 값의 신뢰구간을 표시하도록 하였다. 개발된 프로그램은 베타버전 시험배포를 거쳐 가뭄정보포털을 통해 배포할 예정이다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 1987

인삼, 들깨 기름, 칼슘 및 마그네슘이 함유되어 있는 식이로 사육한 토끼의 혈장 콜레스테롤과 HMG-CoA reductase의 활성을 조사하였다. 간에 포함되어 있는 HMG-CoA reductase의 활성은 인삼과 들깨 기름 및 마그네슘 첨가 식이군에 있어서 증가되었으며 혈장 콜레스테롤의 농도는 감소되었다. 혈장 LDL-콜레스테롤은 대조군보다 감소하였으나 HDL-콜레스테롤은 증가되었다. 또한 베타 글로블린의 분포도 인삼과 마그네슘 및 들깨 기름을 첨가 급여한 실험군에 있어서 가장 낮았으며, ${\alpha}$-2-글로블린은 대조군에 비하여 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 전해질은 $K^+$은 인삼 첨가로 감소 되었으나 $Na^+$은 증가되었다. 혈장 마그네슘의 농도는 인삼의 첨가로 변화가 없었지만 칼슘과 들깨 기름 및 인삼 첨가식이로 마그네슘의 농도가 더 증가되었다. 혈장 칼슘의 농도는 마그네슘과 인삼을 첨가한 식이군에 있어서 감소하였다.