• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.85-88
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• 2011

In the trend of world wide environment preservation, researchers tried to find new environment friendly propellant instead of highly toxic propellant, Hydrazine. Among the candidates, ionic liquid propellants have lower toxicity, higher density, and higher specific impulse than Hydrazine. These ionic liquid propellants have high combustion chamber temperature, so catalyst supports such as gamma alumina cannot withstand in that temperature. Therefore, a catalyst that showed stable characteristic in high temperature is needed. Barium dopped alumina can be changed to Hexaaluminate in high temperature, and its characteristic in high temperature is superior than gamma alumina. Barium dopped Alumina is wet impregnated with Platinum and heated up to $1300^{\circ}C$ and $1400^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. Those catalysts were examined by XRD, SEM, EDS, BET, and Drop test.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.155-160
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• 2008

• Clean Technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.82-88
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• 2016

The loss of activity by coke is an important cause of catalyst deactivation during industrial operation. In this study, hydrogen ratio of reaction condition, which has influenced on coke formation over Pt-Sn catalyst, and regeneration of catalysts activity by coke burning, Pt sintering of coke burning as coke contents, effects of coke formation and deactivation with different Sn contents were confirmed. Pt-Sn-K catalyst supported on θ-alumina and γ-alumina was prepared progressively. Activity of regenerated catalyst for propane dehydrogenation was compared with fresh catalyst by coke burning, after propane dehydrogenation was carried out with different hydrogen ratio at 620 ℃ on fresh catalyst. Regenerated catalyst’s physical characterization such as BET, coke analysis and XRD was investigated. Through catalytic activity test and characterization, Sn contents of catalyst and hydrogen ratio in feed stream could affect coke formation on catalyst surface. Excessive coke makes loss of activity and Pt sintering during air regeneration process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.53-56
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• 2009

In this paper, performance evaluation of catalyst for hydrogen peroxide thruster with drying condition is described. Platinum was selected as a catalyst, and alumina of pellet type was chosen as a catalyst support. Evaporation method known as general method for catalyst production was used to make the catalyst. From previous experiments, it is favorable during catalyst making process that solution of active material has low pH level. Therefore, some kinds of low pH level solution had been tested. The drying temperatures are 25, 50, 70, and $90^{\circ}C$. From experimental results, it shows better performance that drying temperature was $90^{\circ}C$ since the catalyst particle could not be crystallized but be evenly spreaded out due to the rapid evaporation of solvent.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.575-583
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• 2019

The results of the catalytic reaction by pulsed injection of reactants are useful for studying the initial reaction characteristics in the case of many coke invloved reactions. The dehydrogenation characteristics of alumina supported platinum tin catalysts were investigated by pulsed injection of propane. The yield of propylene was maximized when the reduction time of propane injection catalyst was $550^{\circ}C$. Raman analysis showed that the amount of coke was very small when PtSn (4.5) catalyst was used and the short contact time was simulated by propane pulse injection. n order to differentiate the degree of dispersion of platinum, PtSn (4.5) catalyst was sintered at $900^{\circ}C$ with hydrogen, and then the temperature of air - redispersion was varied and propane pulse was injected. As a result, conversione and yield were the highest when air-redispersion temperature is $600^{\circ}C$. The lower the air-redispersion temperature, the higher the selectivity. As the tin content in the platinum catalyst increased, the propane conversion was lowered, but the selectivity to propylene increased and the yield increased. From this, it can be seen that the tin-added platinum catalyst is less active than the platinum catalyst from the beginning of the reaction, which is less affected by coke. The dehydrogenation reaction by the propane pulse injection shows a higher conversion rate than the result of continuous injection due to the formation of COx, and the amount of coke is very small. Decrease in selectivity due to the formation of COx can be reduced by increasing the reduction temperature and time.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.353-358
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• 2013

To develop preferential CO oxidation reaction (PROX) catalyst for small scale hydrogen generation system, supported Pt catalysts have been applied for the target reaction. The supports were systematically changed to optimize supported Pt catalysts. $Pt/Al_2O_3$ catalyst showed the highest CO conversion among the catalysts tested in this study. This is due to easier reducibility, the highest dispersion, and smallest particle diameter of $Pt/Al_2O_3$. It has been found that the catalytic performance of supported Pt catalysts for PROX depends strongly on the reduction property and depends partly on the Pt dispersion of supported Pt catalysts. Thus, $Pt/Al_2O_3$ can be a promising catalyst for PROX for small scale hydrogen generation system.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.543-549
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• 1997

The direct reaction of carbon dioxide($CO_2$) with butane($C_4H_{10}$) to obtain synthesis gas and hydrocarbon compounds have been studied on nickel loaded catalysts. In the reaction of $CO_2$ with $C_4H_{10}$, Ni loaded catalysts showed similar activity with Pt catalyst and Coke deposition on the catalyst was severe by dehydrogenation of butane. The main products were carbon monoxide and hydrogen, when alumina and Y type zeolite were used as a support. Instead, a great deal of aromatic hydrocarbons were obtained on the Ni loaded ZSM-5 catalyst. The conversion of $CO_2$ increased with the increasing molar ratio of $CO_2$/$C_4H_{10}$ on Ni/ZSM-5, Ni/NaY and Ni/alumina catalyst, but the conversion decreased again from the ratio of 2. The value of $CO_2$ conversion was the highest at the 5wt% of Ni loading on ZSM-5 catalyst. A part of cokes deposited on the catalysts diminished when only $CO_2$ gas or water steam flowed into the reactor. The coke deposited on the catalysts was very reactive and it may be an important intermediate for the carbon dioxide reforming reaction.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.241-247
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• 2006

The catalytic performances for CO preferential oxidation in hydrogen-rich fuels were investigated by varying the types of alumina supports, additives excluding platinum, and synthetic methods of impregnation and sol-gel synthesis. The reactions were conducted in the range of $25{\sim}300^{\circ}C$ over Pt, Co, and/or Na impregnated catalysts supported on commercial gamma-alumina, pseudoboehmite, or sol-gel derived xerogels. Catalytic activities were enhanced by cobalt addition due to strong Pt-Co interactions in the bimetallic phase. Additional sodium promoted not only the formation of the Pt-Co bimetallic interphase but also oxygen adsorption capability, giving rise to increase in the CO oxidation rate at lower temperatures. Moreover, chemical interaction between Pt and Co was considerably enhanced by sol-gel synthesis.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.752-760
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• 2018

The lowering of temperature for combustion of diesel particulate matters (or diesel soot) is one of the important tasks in automotive industry that is searching for a way to meet up "high-fuel efficiency, low-emission" standard. In this study, it was discussed how the use of ozone over platinum-based catalyst promotes a low-temperature soot oxidation occurred at $150^{\circ}C$. The use of platinum catalyst did not increase oxidation rate largely but was very effective in improving the selectivity of carbon dioxide. The pre-oxidation of NO into $NO_2$ using ozone was rather crucial in improving the oxidation rate of soot at $150^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.799-807
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• 2006

The catalytic activity of $Pt/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalysts for the oxidation of toluene and toluene+xylene mixture was investigated in the microreactor of fixed-bed type. The calcination temperatures and loadings of $Pt/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalysts played the important role in the activity of catalysts for the oxidation of toluene. The increasing calcination temperatures and loadings of $Pt/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalysts increased the crystallite size of the platinum to result in the higher oxidation activity of catalysts. The catalytic activity for the toluene oxidation over $Pt/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalysts turned out to be increasing in the order of $500^{\circ}C\;<\;800^{\circ}C<600^{\circ}C\;<\;700^{\circ}C$ for calcination temperatures and 0.1 wt% < 0.3 wt% < 1.0 wt% for platinum loadings, respectively. The 1.0 wt% $Pt/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalysts calcined at $700^{\circ}C$ for 3 hrs in the air showed the highest activity for the oxidation of the toluene. The decrease of oxidation activity of $Pt/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalysts calcined at $800^{\circ}C$ might result from the decrease of active sites by sintering of platinum metals as well as ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ supports. The 1.0wt% $Pt/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalyst showed the activity from the lower temperature at $120^{\circ}C$, reached the light-off temperature ($T_{50%}$) at $180^{\circ}C$, and leveled off its activity at $340^{\circ}C$ with the conversion of 100% 'Mutual promotion' effects were observed for the binary mixture of toluene and xylene. The activity of the easy-to-oxidize toluene was slightly increased with the existence of the xylene. It might suggest the different mechanism for the oxidation of toluene and xylene on the $Pt/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalysts on different sites, and its reaction of gaseous oxygen.