• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1131-1137
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• 2012

Subsea pipelines have been operated with buried depths of 1.2-4m underneath the seabed to prevent buoyancy and external impacts. Therefore, they have to show resistance to both the soil load and the hydrostatic pressure. In this study, the structural integrity of a subsea pipeline subjected to soil load and hydrostatic pressure was evaluated by using FE analyses. A parametric study showed that the internal pressure increased the plastic collapse depth by increasing the resistance to plastic collapse. The hoop stress increased with an increase in the buried depth for the same water depth; however, the hoop stress decreased with an increase in the water depth for the same buried depth.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

River crossing pipelines have been being operated with buried depth of 1.2~4m underneath river bottom to prevent buoyance and external impact. River crossing pipelines have to show resistance to soil load and hydrostatic pressure. In this study, structural integrity of the river crossing pipeline subjected to soil load and hydrostatic pressure was evaluated by using FE analyses. Hoop stress increased with increasing buried depth under identical water height in case of without concrete encasement, however, hoop stress decreased with increasing water height under identical buried depth.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.41-52
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• 2007

Earthquake time-history analyses have been carried out for a buried gas pipeline of X65 which is of popular use in Korea. Parameters included are shape of a buried gas pipeline, soil characteristics, single and multiple earthquake input ground motions and burial depths. Predicted response of strain and relative displacement are then compared with allowable strain and displacement capacity calculated by Guidelines for the Seismic Design of Buried Gas Pipelines, KOGAS. Comparative studies show that strains are in general affected by the burial depths together with change of soil conditions. Regarding the relative displacement, while axial relative displacement is not influenced by the burial depths, transverse relative displacement is affected by both burial depths as well as soil conditions. In all, the current study is encouraged to give a useful information for healthy earthquake evaluation of a buried pipeline.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.149-154
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• 2008

도시가스용 배관으로 사용하고 있는 폴리에틸렌 배관은 유연하여 시공이 용이할 뿐만 아니라 부식 및 전식이 일어나지 않아 유지관리가 편리하고 교체 없이 50년 이상 사용이 가능하여 금속 소재에 비하여 경제적이기 때문에 그 사용량이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 차량의 증가 등으로 인하여 매설된 배관에 많은 응력이 집중되고 있다. 따라서 토하중 뿐만 아니라 증가한 차량 등에 의한 하중이 복합적으로 작용할 경우에 매설된 배관이 어느 정도의 응력을 받고 있는지를 검토하고자 하였다. 직경이 $50{\sim}400mm$인 배관을 대상으로 매설깊이를 $0.6{\sim}1.2m$로 변화시키고 사용압력을 $0.4{\sim}4bar$로 변화시켜 그 결과를 검토하였다. 결과는 수식해와 유한요소 해석 방법을 이용하여 계산하였으며 두 결과를 비교하여 유한요소 해석 방법의 신뢰성을 높였다. 두 해석방법 모두 내압에 의한 영향, 토양하중에 의한 영향 그리고 차량 하중에 의한 영향을 각각 계산하였다. 그리고 각 하중이 복합적으로 작용할 경우에 대한 응력을 계산하여 매설 깊이에 따라 배관에 발생하는 응력을 계산하였다. 또한 가스배관 설계에 사용하는 허용응력을 4가지로 구분하여 발생한 응력과 비교하여 그 안전성을 검토하였다. 수식해와 유한요소 해석 결과를 비교하여 각각의 결과를 검증한 결과 수식해가 유한요소 결과보다 약간 높은 응력값을 나타내었으며 내압, 토하중, 차량하중 등이 복합적으로 작용할 경우에 매설깊이가 1m일 때 가장 낮은 원주방향응력이 발생하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.243-250
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• 2000

배관을 지하에 매설할 경우 매설배관이 묻히는 깊은 도랑을 트랜치라 하는데 이 트랜치의 폭과 깊이의 칫수를 적절하게 결정하는 것은 매설배관의 건전성을 유지하는데 중요한 인자중의 하나이다. Watkins는 매설배관의 트랜치 폭에 대한 연구를 수행하여 최근 그 결과를 발표한바 있다. (1) Fig. 1에 트랜치와 배관의 단면도를 그리고 일반적으로 사용하는 기술적인 용어를 나타내었다.(중략)

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.45-50
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• 2010

The marine pipelines laid in deep waters were evaluated to verify the resistance on the plastic collapse to heavy ambient external pressure due to hydrostatic pressure. In this study, the plastic collapse behavior of the marine pipe subjected to hydrostatic pressure was evaluated with the ovality and ratio of diameter to thickness in FE analyses. A parametric study was shown that the internal pressure increased the plastic collapse depth by increasing of the resistance to the plastic collapse. It was also shown that the collapse depth of the pipeline having a local ovality was deeper than that of the pipeline having a global ovality. Finally, the plastic collapse depth decreased when either the ratio of diameter to thickness or the ovality increased.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 2003

Non-linear anisotropic materials were used to simulate the effects of bulk tensile stress in 3D finite element analysis (FEA). FEA was used to calculate the effects of near and far-side racetrack pit depth and simulated bulk tensile stress on magnetic flux leakage (MFL) signals. The axial and radial MFL signals were depended on near and far-side racetrack pit depth and on the bulk stress, but the circumferential MFL signal was not depended on them. The axial and radial MFL signals increased with greater pit depth and applied bulk stress, but the circumferential MFL signal was scarcely changed.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.76-81
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• 2003

Non-linear anisotropic materials were used to simulate the effects of tensile stress in 3D finite element analysis (FEA). FEA was used to calculate the effects of far and near-side pit depth and tensile stress on magnetic flux leakage (MFL) signals. The axial and radial MFL signals were depended on far and near-side double circular pit depth and on the stress, but the circumferential MFL signal was not depended on them. The axial and radial MFL signals increased with greater pit depth and applied stress, but the circumferential MFL signal was scarcely changed.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2012

공기 양수 펌프는 재생 에너지 분야, 부식 및 마모 특성의 유체의 활용 등 높은 신뢰성과 낮은 유지보수 비용을 필요로 하는 분야에서 그 사용이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소형 공기 양수 펌프의 성능 평가 및 기초 데이터를 얻기 위한 연구로, D=0.012~0.019m, L=0.933m인 배관의 침수 깊이(${\beta}$=0.55,0.60,0.65,0.70)에 따른 수치해석을 수행하였다. 수치 해석 및 실험 결과는 유사성을 뛰었으며, 펌프의 사양과 효율은 공기의 질량 유속 비, 침수 깊이 비와 양수 배관의 길이에 관한 함수로 나타났다. 그리고 최대 물과 공기 질량 유속의 비는 각 배관에서 서로 다른 침수 깊이의 비로 나타났으며, 공기 양수 펌프의 최대 효율이 발생되는 운전조건은 슬러그(slug)와 슬러그 교반 정도(slug-churn flow regime)에 따라 나타남을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.49-55
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• 2007

Polyethylene pipes have been widely used as they are easy to construct and suitable for economical efficient when they are compared with metal pipelines. This paper studies the effect of various external loadings on stress and deflection of the buried PE pipes using Finite Element Method(FEM). For this purpose, stresses of buried PE pipes are calculated according to the loading condition such as pipe types (pipe diameter $50{\sim}400mm$), burial depths ($0.6{\sim}1.2m$) and internal pressures ($0.4{\sim}4bar$). As a result, it is founded the effect and relation with each of loading conditions under the buried condition.