• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.640-647
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• 2017

The need for an efficient sampling technique to collect aquatic organisms has risen with the increase of interest in rice paddy fields, which have been recognized as important ecosystems supporting biodiversity. In the present study, a submerged funnel trap used with the assistance of attracting agents (fish meal and chemical light) was designed as an easy, objective and quantitative tool for collecting aquatic organisms in the rice paddy fields. The preference for collecting aquatic organisms as a means for attracting agents was analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model. Also, based on the data of previous research, we compared the community composition of the aquatic macroinvertebrates, which were collected using the quadrat method, and newly designed submerged funnel traps, by analyzing non-metric multidimensional scaling. The results showed that the catching efficiency of 18 of the total 65 taxa was affected by the attracting agents. 12 taxa including Pomacea canaliculata, Hippeutis cantori, Austropeplea ollula, Erpobdella lineata, Ostracoda spp. Branchinella kugenumaensis, Hydaticus grammicus, Rhantus pulverosus, Chironomidae spp., Rana nigromaculata, Cobitidae spp. etc., favored fish meal and 6 taxa including Ischnura asiatica, Coenagrionidae spp. Sternolophus rufipes etc., were attracted by chemical light. The submerged funnel trap used as a measurement tool for biodiversity was less applicable than the quadrat method; however, it was more effective for the selective collection of specific taxa. We expect that this newly designed trap can be a simple and quantitative method for collecting aquatic organisms, and could be used for long term and extensive surveys in rice paddy fields in the future.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.188-194
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• 2000

This study was carried out to obtain the optimum cultivation conditions of wild ornamental plant resources, Dicentra spectabilis L. The altitude of the habitat was ranged from 630m to 690m in Mt. Gujeol. Most of the habitat faced toward the northeast aspect and the gradient was ranged from 25 to 33 degrees. The light intensity of Dicentra community was 14,000lux on the average, and it was tendency to decrease by foliation of other woody plants. The appearance number of Dicentra per quadrat was 30 individuals on the average, and total appearance species in all quadrat surveyed was 52 taxa. Among them, Quercus mongolica, Lindera obtusiloba, Corylus heterophylla, Cornus controversa, woody plants, Corydalis speciosa, Pseudostellaria heterophylla, Artemisia keiskeana, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Arisaema amurense var. serratum, Carex siroumensis, and Chloranthus japonicus, herbaceous plants, were showed as dominant species. Soil acidity in the habitat was 5.15 to 5.96, and average content of soil moisture was 32.6%. The contents of average organic matter, $P_2O_5$, K, Ca, and Mg were 1.99%, 14mg/kg, 0.55me/100g, 15.2me/100g, and 3.3me/100g, respectively. Electron conductivity was ranged from 0.50 to 0.76dS/m. Also, the average air temperature of May and June was 14.2$^{\circ}C$ and 19.4$^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.392-402
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• 2023

This study was conducted to understand the characteristics of the plant society in Cheongwansan Provincial Park, which lacks research on plants, and to establish basic data necessary for sustainable vegetation management and provincial park research. This study set up 126 quadrats were installed in Cheongwansan Provincial Park to investigate the species that emerged, and interspecies association analysis was conducted focusing on species excluding rare species. The results were written in a sociogram using the Gephi 0.10 program, modular analysis was conducted to distribute groups between adjacent nodes, and network centrality and structure analysis were conducted. As a result of the analysis, the Smilax china showed the highest frequency of appearance in the survey area. Next, it was found to be high in the order of Quercus serrata, Eurya japonica, Styrax japonicus, and Sasa borealis. Interspecies association analysis was conducted on 69 species excluding rare species, and plant social networks were visualized based on benign binding. The Plant Social Network consists of 69 nodes and 396 connecting lines, and one species formed interspecies bonds with an average of about 17.9 species, connecting each other in 2.3 steps. 69 species were divided into three groups through modular analysis, and the first group consisted mainly of evergreen broad-leaved and trees that appeared in warm-temperate region, and the second group consisted mainly of deciduous broad-leaved. The three groups were mainly divided into trees that grow well in sunny and dry sunlight.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 1993

To investigate the structure and the conservation strategy of natural forest at Dosolbong area in Mt. Sobaek, 20 plots(400$m^2$) set up with random sampling method. Three groups were classified by cluster analysis. High positive correlations was proved between Acer pseudo-sieboldianum and Tilia amurensis, Weigela subsessilis, Corylus heterophylla var. thunbergii and Stephanandra incisa, Lespedeza bicolor and Styrax obassia, and high negative correlations was proved between Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Symplocos chinensis, Carpinus cordata. Species diversity(H') of investigated area was calculated 2.2521-2.3772. Leontopodium japonicum community at Dosolbong area in Mt. Sobaek should be conserved.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 1996

To investigate the structure and the conservation strategy of natural forest at Dongdaesan, Turobong, Sangwangbong Area in Odaesan National Park, 27 plots(20$\times$20m) set up with random sampling method. Three groups were classified by cluster analyses. High positive correlations was proved between Tilia amurensis and Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Malus faccata and Syringa reticulata var. mandshurica, Prunus padus and Viburnum sargentii, and High negative correlations was proved between Quercus mongolica and pronus padus, Tilia amurensis and Prunus padus, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum and Prunus padus. Species diversity(H') of investigated area was calculated 0.9586~1.1814.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.5 s.72
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• pp.767-771
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• 2005

The Camellia japonica vegetation in the Korean Peninsula was investigated by the methology of the Z-M school. The synthesis table of Camellion japonicae were arranged for association classification from 263 quadrats. The vegetation of Camellia japonica forest, classfied as an alliance includes nine new associations : Camellietum japonicae typicum Jin et Kim 2005, Machilo thunbergii-Camellietum japonicae Jin et Kim 2005, Pino thunbergii-Camellietum japonicae Jin et Kim 2005, Castanopo cuspidatae var. sieboldii-Camellietum japonicae Jin et Kim 2005, Lito japonicae-Camellietum japonicae Jin et Kim 2005, Castnnopo cuspidatae var. thunbergii-Camellietum japonicae Jin et Kim 2005, Querco acutae-Camellietum japonicae Jin et Kim 2005, Neolito sericae-Camellietum japonicae Jin et Kim 2005, Cinnamomo japonicae-Camellietum Japonirae Jin et Kim 2005.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.268-274
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• 2006

This study was carried out to classify forest vegetation structure of the subalpine zone in Mt. Seorak (Daecheongbong 1,708 m) from June to August in 2005 with phytosociological analysis of ZM school. Samples were collected by 81 of releves more than 1,200 m of altitude. There were 14 of physiognomy stands in the study area. The results were summarized as follows. Vegetation of the area was characterized by Abies nephrolepis community group, which was classified into Rhododendron schlippenbachii community and Lonicera coerulea var. emphyl-localyx community. The former was divided into Acer truncatum group and Pinus koraiensis group (subdivided into Acer tschonoskii var. rubripes subgroup and Tilia taquetii subgroup) and the latter was into Pinus pumila group and Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii group. It consisted of 5 units of vegetation structure.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 1995

To investigate the structure and the conservation strategy of natural forest at Nature Conservation Area in Chuwangsan, 21 plots(20$\times$20m) set up with random sampling method. Two groups were classified by cluster analysis. High positive correlations was proved between Carpinus laxiflora and Fraxinus rynchophylla, Quercus serrata and Quercus variabilis, Lindera obtusiloba and Stephanandra incisa and High negative correlations was proved between Acer mono and Fraxinus sieboldana, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum and Quercus variabilis. Species diversity(H') of investigated area was calculated 1.1306~1.2688.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.142-149
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• 1995

To investigate the structure and the conservation strategy of natural forest at Wangkoam and Kumunkwangi Area(400-700m) in Chuwangsan, 23 plots(20$\times$20m) set up with random sampling method. Two groups were classified by cluster analysis. High positive correlations was proved between Carpinus laxiflora and Tilia amurensis, Acer mono and Deutzia parviflora, Lespedeza maximowiczii and Sorbus alnifolia, and High negative correlations was proved between Prunus padus and Sorbus alnifolia, Acer mono and Fraxinus sieboldiana, Deutzia parviflora and Quercus variabilis. Species diversity(H') of investigated area was calculated 1.2167-1.3945.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.280-287
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• 1999

본 연구는 우리나라 특산식물인 히어리 군락이 지리산 국립공원 동부지역에 대규모로 분포하고 있는 것을 처음으로 발견하여 군락지의 분포 및 맹아지 특성 그리고 군락의 보호대책을 위한 기초자료를 축적하고자 수행되었다. 각 계층별 중요치는 교목층에서 소나무(134.15) 일본잎갈나무, 산벚나무, 비목나무, 신갈나무 등이 우점하였고 아교목층에서는 히어리, 거제수나무. 비목나무, 졸참나무, 노각 나무 그리고 관목층에서는 히어리가 우점하였으며 그 외에 철쭉꽃, 진달래, 생강나무 등이 출현하였다 그리고 맹아지 특성은 1개 방형구(25m2)에 평균 17.75개의 주간이 형성되고 1개 주간당 맹아지 수는 평균 6.00개 고사지는 2.80개로 조사되었다. 흉고직경급별 분포에서 생장지의 경우 흉고직경 1.0-4.0cm 구간에서 전체의 64.78%를 차지하였으며 대부분 2.0-3.0cm 구간에서 54.74%를 차지하여 히어리 군락의 중심계급이었다 흉고직경 1.0cm 이하의 고사지가 전체의 53.16%를 차지하였는데 이는 근주에서 돋아나는 1년생 맹아지가 대부분 고사하였기 때문이었다 특히 히어리의 번식습성은 실생묘에 의한 번식도 가능하지만 본 조사지에서와 같이 수관이 울폐된 지역에서는 주로 근맹아에 의한 번식을 더 선호하는 것으로 나타났다.