• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.289-296
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• 1999

The availability of Bacillus polimyxa 'HB 26-5' as a biological control agent was investigated. The antagonistic bacteria Bacillus polymyxa 'HB 26-5' grew well on the media at pH 7.0 and the optimum growth temperature was $25^{\circ}C$. The pH of the media changed to weak acid(pH 6.1~6.5) at the beginning of incubation, but to weak alkali(pH 7.8~8.2) at 7days after incubation. The best carrier to enhance colonization of the bacteria were the mixture of rice bran and peat, or rice bran and kaoline, in those formulation the density of the bacteria was changed slightly, though the density was beginning to decrease 3 weeks after application at field. In view of the physical characteristics of the formulation for the density maintenance during storage such as the hardness and the size, the best one was the formulation consisted of sodium alginate 2%, kaolin 15% and rice bran 3%.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the classification and the growing characteristics of biennial weed species in a newly formed transplanting lawn grass land. Measuring size in the experimental plot was $1{\times}1m$ in the 9 different locations, and experimental design was randomized complete plot with 3 replications. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1) Weed species in a newly formed lawn field are consisted of 29.4% of Cruciferae, 29.4% of Compositae, 23.5% of Caryophyllaceae, 11.8% of Gramineae, and 5.9% of Labiatae family 2) Emerging percentage of weed species are consisted of 47.1% on October, 41.2% on November, 5.9% on both September and December, respectively. 3) Distribution rate about flowering time of weed species was in order of 58.5% on May, 23.5% on April, 11.8% on March, and 5.9% on June. 4) Weed species were grouped according to the plant height. It was observed that below 20cm, 20-40cm, 40-60cm and above 60cm of plant height were 23.5%, 47.1%, 17.6% and 11.8%, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.313-314
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• 2021

We confirmed the parasitic characteristics of Asobara japonica according to the stage of development of Drosophila suzukii and observed the morphological differences between parasitized and unparasitized D. suzukii larvae and pupae. It was also confirmed that emergence period of A. japonica was longer than that of D. suzukii. A. japonica showed an effective parasitic and insecticidal effect on D. suzukii larvae, and it is expected that A. japonica could be used as a natural enemy for the control of D. suzukii.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.49-55
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 GIS를 이용하여 산불관련 데이터베이스를 구축하고 효과적인 산불 현황정보 검색시스템을 개발하녀 산불 관리자에게 효율적인 공간분석 도구를 제공함으로서 산불에 관한 종합적인 공간정보를 빠른 시간 내에 분석하여 속성을 갱신·추출 할 수 있도록 하는 효과적인 GUI(Graphic User Interface)를 개발하였다. 이를 위하여 최근 10년간의 산불현황 통계자료를 이용한 전국 시·군단위의 공간분포도를 작성하여 전국 산불 발생현황을 시·공간적으로 분석하고 산불 발생에 미치는 다양한 요인들과의 상관성을 분석 가능하였다. 특히 최근 산불발생이 빈번한 삼척시의 지형도 및 임상도, 위성영상, 현지사진을 이용하여 GIS 데이터베이스를 구축함으로서 산불 발생위험지역에 대한 보다 상세한 정보를 얻을 수 있다. 본 시스템은 응용프로그램 개발을 위한 플랫폼은 IBM호환 PC에서 Windows 98을 운영체 제로 하여 DBMS는 Access 2000을 이용하였고 프로그래밍 언어로는 객체지향언어인 Visual Basic 6.0과 GIS 기능을 구현하기 위해서 Component GIS인 MapObjects 2.0을 사용 하였다. 그 결과 산불관리자는 진화에 필요한 관리구역내의 정보를 신속하게 제공받을 뿐만 아니라 산불방제사업에 대한 효과적인 의사결정지원과 함께 실무자 중심의 산불관리행정을 도모하 고 산림자원관리비가 효율적으로 이용될 것이다.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.278-285
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• 1998

Effects of chitosan on growth of tomato plant, and suppression of Fusaruim wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and late blight casued by Phytophthora infestans, were examined. Both late blight and fusarium wilt were suppressed by spray and irrigation of chitosan, respectively. Inhibition of mycelial growth was not greatly affected by molecular size of chitosan but, concentration dependent effects was observed. Ninty percent of P. infestans and 80% of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici of mycelial growth was inhibited by 1,000 ppm of chitosan (MW 30,000~50,000) when amended in plate media. Induction of defense-related gene expression in plant by chitosan treatments were observed when chitosan treated tobacco and tomato RNA samples were hybridized with several defense-related genes as probes. The results revealed that $\beta$-1,3-glucanase and chitinase genes were strongly induced, while pathogenesis-related protein-1, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, anionic peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase genes were weakly induced by chitosan treatment. These results suggest that chitosan have dual effects on these host-pathogen interactions. Possible roles of chitosan in suppression of tomato diseases by inhibition of mycelial growth and activation of plant defense responses are discussed.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 1988

Phytophagous insects were surveyed for biological control of weeds in the southern part of korea from April 20 to July 31, 1987. Phytophagous coleopteran insects representing 12 families, 52 genera and 61 species, hemipteran insects 7 families, 18 genera and 20 species, homopteran insects 4 families, 16 genera and 21 species, hymenopteran insects 2 families, 2 genera and 3 species, and orthopteran 2 familes, 6 genera and 6 species were recorded from 58 weeds. Some chrysomelids and orthopteran insects were potential agents for biological control of weeds.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.497-505
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• 2021

Endophytic fungal strains were isolated from leaves, stems, and roots of Angelica gigas. The fungal strains were identified based on their morphological characteristics and molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS). A total 35 species of endophytic fungi were identified. The diversity between the endophytic fungal communities differed depending on the tissues of A. gigas. The isolated endophytic fungi were screened for antifungal activity against a pathogenic fungus, Phoma sp. Y11, using a dual culture method. Fourteen species of endophytic fungi showed the standout inhibition effect against the Y11 strain. The results suggest that the endophytic fungi isolated from A. gigas could be used as a biological control agent against leaf spot disease of A. gigas.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.134-152
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• 1997

Plant viruses of tobacco including tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and potato virus Y (PVY) cause severe economic losses in leaf-tobacco production. Cultural practices do not provide sufficient control against the viruses. Use of valuable resistant cultivars is most recommendable for the control of the viruses. However, conventional breeding programs are not always proper for the development of virus-resistant plants mostly owing to the frequent lack of genetic sources and introduction of their unwanted properties. Therefore, we tried to develop virus-resistant tobacco plants by transforming commercial tobacco cultivars, NC 82 and Burley 21, with coat protein (CP) or replicase (Nlb) genes of TMV and PVY necrosis strain (PVY-VN) with or without untranslated region (UTR) and with or without mutation. Each cDNA was cloned and inserted in plant expression vectors with 1 or 2 CaMV 35S promotors, and introduced into tobacco leaf tissues by Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA 4404. Plants were regenerated in kanamycin-containing MS media. Regenerated plants were tested for resistance to TMV and PVY In these studies, we could obtain a TMV-resistant transgenic line transformed with TMV CP and 6 genetic lines with PVY-VN cDNAs out of 8 CP and replicase genes. In this presentation, resistance rates, verification of gene introduction in resistant plants, stability of resistance through generations, characteristics of viral multiplication and translocation in resistant plants, and resistance responses relative to inoculum potential and to various PVY strains will be shown. Yield and quality of leaf tobacco of a promising resistant tobacco line will be presented.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.26-35
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• 2001

In order to search potent antifungal substances from domestic plants, 40 plants cultivated in Korea were collected. After extracting with methanol (MeOH) and concentrating to dryness, the MeOH extracts were screened for in vivo antifungal activity against six plant diseases at a concentration of $2000{\mu}g/mL$. Fourteen extracts showed disease-controlling activity more than 90% against at least one of the 6 plant diseases tested; eight, seven, and three extracts controlled more than 90% the development of rice blast, tomato late blight, and wheat leaf rust, respectively. However, none of the extracts exhibited in vivo antifungal activity more than 90% against rice sheath blight, tomato gray mold, and barley powdery mildew. From the MeOH extracts of Angelica gigas and A. dahurica showing potent controlling activity against rice blast, 1 and 2 antifungal substances, respectively, were isolated by solvent partitioning and column chromatography. The three compounds were identified to be coumarins, namely, decursin, imperatorin, and isoimperatorin, by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. They were examined for in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities together with umbelliferone (7-bydroxycournarin) and scopoletin (6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin) containing a free hydroxyl group at position 7 to investigate the structure-activity relationship. In vitro, most of 50% growth inhibitory concentrations ($IC_{50}$) were over $200{\mu}g/mL$, indicating that they have relatively weak antifungal activity. The antifungal activity of decursin and scopoletin, containing cyclic alkoxy groups instead of free hydroxyl group at position 7, was stronger than umbelliferone and scopoletin. Especially, decursin and imperatorin showed potent antifungal activities against Pythium ultimum and Magnaporthe grisea, respectively, with $IC_{50}$ values less than $25{\mu}g/mL$. In vivo, decursin and imperatorin showed potent antifungal activity against rice blast, whereas other coumarins hardly controlled the development of 6 plant diseases tested. These results suggest that the antifungal activity of 7-hydroxycoumarin derivative is substantially increased when the hydroxyl group at position 7 is protected by a stable cyclic alkoxy grouping.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.131-146
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• 2004

The Purpose of this study is to suggest strategies for environmental education through the Practical Arts(TechnologyㆍHome economics) Subject in a viewpoint of the clothing & textiles resources to resolve problems in the clothing life area. For this, this study was carried out through review of literature which is related with the consumption, the environmental problems, the environmental policies, and regulations of the government and new environmental technologies, of clothing & textiles industries and environmental education. The major findings of the study were as follows; 1) The environmental education system model in a viewpoint of the Clothing & Textiles resources was developed. This model system is consisted with interactions on school, government, industry, home and non-government organizations. Thus, the fact that Practical Arts(TechnologyㆍHome economics) Subject were the most effective subject to teaching the environmental education viewpoint of the Clothing & Textiles resources was confirmed. 2) The standards were analysed out to analyse the contents in the clothing area of the Practical Arts(TechnologyㆍHome economics) Subject. It were consist of 4 factors and 12 elements under the factors: Awareness of clothing & textile resources(clothing consumption, production of clothing & textile and environmental problems). Planning and buying of clothing(planning, buying), Management of clothing(understand of textile. human body & environment, laundering and Environmental pollution, arrangement & conservation) Recycling & exhaust of clothing(contribution, redesign, recycling, exhaust) 3) Analysing the current Practical Arts (TechnologyㆍHome economics) subject from the Environmental education in the clothing section, the environmental education related with clothing were taught the most in the middle school course, and environmental contents were concentrated in the recycling factors. but not so much on other factors. 4) After analysing the Practical Arts (TechnologyㆍHome economics) subject, the strategies were suggested for reinforcing the environmental education in the clothing of the Practical Arts(TechnologyㆍHome economics) subject.