• LP가스
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.32-35
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• 2011

나름대로 탄탄대로를 걷던 LPG자동차시장에 심상치 않은 기운이 감지되고 있다. 그동안 꾸준히 증가하던 부탄소비량이 감소세로 들어섰으며 LPG자동차의 점유율도 뒷걸음질치고 있기 때문이다. 중 소형 자동차시장은 그동안 휘발유와 경유, LPG로 대변됐지만 고유가와 새로운 기술의 등장으로 CNG차, 전기차 등의 진입이 더욱 빠르게 진행되고 있다. LPG충전업계의 한 관계자는 "LPG업계가 방심하다가는 LPG자동차시장이 붕괴될 수 있는 중요한 시점"이라며 "나는 괜찮겠지 하는 안일한 생각을 하면 급변하는 수송용 시장에서 LPG가 설자리가 없어질 수 있다"고 말했다. 이처럼 부탄자동차시장에 대해 우려 섞인 목소리를 하고 있는 실정에서 왜 이 같은 분위기가 형성되고 있는지 알아보기 위해 부탄소비량 현황, LPG자동차 등록대수, 위협요소, 향후 전망 등을 보다 면밀히 알아본다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1111-1114
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• 1999

Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital heart disease that is often lethal in children if not correctly identified and properly managed, Characteristically an anomalous membrane divides the left atrium into two chambers one located posterosuperiorly which is connected to the common pulmonary venous trunk and the other anteroinferiorly which is connected to the left atrial appendage and the mitral valve. Eight patients with Cor triatriatum were been seen at our hospital from 1984 to 1999. The clinical presentation diagnostic evaluation and surgical results are outlined in this retrospective review. Resection of the obstructing anomalous atrial membrane was performed using a hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in all cases. Right atriotomy was performed in all patients and left atriotomy was performed in a patient who had poor preoperative general conditions and serious cardiac defects(TAPVR & hypoplastic left ventricle) died of low cardiac output during the immediate postoperative period. The postoperative course has been excellent in the remaining. Cor triatriatum is amenable to surgical repair with excellent results when diagnosed early and in those who are not complicated by other complex cardiac anomalies.

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.214
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• pp.6-17
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• 2021

날이 푸근해졌다. 철새들이 본격적으로 북상하며 HPAI의 검출건수도 상당히 줄었다. 지난해 11월 94만수, 12월 157만수까지 늘어났던 항원 검출 횟수는 올해 1월 148만수, 2월 86만수, 3월 47만수로 줄었고, 일평균 항원 검출 수도 1월 3.48건에서 3월 중순 0.2건으로 감소했다. 농림축산식품부는 항원 검출건수가 감소함에 따라 전반적 위험이 감소했다고 판단하고, 그 간 2차례에 걸쳐 연장됐던 특별방역대책 기간을 종료했다. 하지만 잔존 바이러스로 인한 위험성이 남아있어 방심하면 안된다는 것이 업계의 여론이다. 철새들이 가고 남은 곳의 분변과 깃털 등에 존재할 수 있는 바이러스 때문이다. 따라서 잠재적 바이러스에 의한 추가 발생 가능성에 따라 취약요인에 대한 강화된 방역 조치는 유지된다. 가금 농가는 농장과 관련 시설의 소독과 방역수칙 준수를 지속해서 신경 써줄 것이 요구된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.381-388
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• 1984

Cor triatriatum is rare congenital cardiac anomaly first described by Church in 1868. The anomaly consists of an abnormal partitioning of the left atrium by a fibromuscular membrane that divides the atrium into an upper chamber, which receives the pulmonary veins, and a lower chamber, which contains the atrial appendage and the mitral valve. The upper and lower chambers communicate through a stenotic fenestration in the membrane, which has the hemodynamic consequence of pulmonary venous obstruction. Recently we experienced cot triatriatum associated with partial anomalous pulmonary drainage to right atrium. The upper chamber was connected to right atrium through a sinus venous type of ASD and received left superior and both inferior pulmonary vein, whereas the lower chamber so called true left atrium communicated with right atrium through foramen ovale type of ASD, left atrial appendage and mitral orifice. And the anomalous membrane has no fenestrations which permit blood flow. The operation was made right atrial approach under the CPB. We excised completely the anomalous septum and reconstructed atrial septal defect with pericardial patch to drain the right upper pulmonary vein to the left atrium. The postoperative course has been good during follow up.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.259-265
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• 1994

Cor triatriatum is a relatively rare cardiac anomaly, whose major feature is a fenestrated membrane separating an upper common pulmonary venous chamber from a lower true left atrial cavity. Interatrial communications may be present between the right atrium and the common pulmonary venous chamber or the true left atrium. From April 1981 to April 1992, 24 patients with cor triatriatum were treated at Seoul National University Hospital. Ages ranged from 1 month to 24 years with mean of 7.4 years. Twenty patients had interatrial communications through a patent foramen ovale, primum or secundum defect of the atrial septum. Four had no interatrial communications. Fourteen patients had associated anomalies; partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 3, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 2, persistent left superior vena cava in 3, and other anomalies in 6 patients. Surgical corrections were performed through right atriotomy in 18 patients, left atriotomy in 4, and both atriotomy in 2. Three patients [12.5%] died early after operation; two of them were associated with single ventricle. Six out of 21 survivors [28.6%] experienced complications; recurrent pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, ischemic encephalopathy, diaphragmatic palsy and tachyarrhythmias. At the time of follow up, all survivors, except one, were in functional class I. Surgical correction of cor triatriatum restored normal hemodynamic status with relatively low operative mortality, especially in patients not complicated with severe anomalies. This report summarizes the clinical diagnosis, associated anomalies, interatrial communications, surgical approach and late result of 24 patients underwent surgical corrections in our hospital.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.331-336
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• 1983

Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital malformation of the heart, in which a septum stretches in a transverse or oblique plane through the left atrium, thus separating it into two compartments. The upper one connects with the pulmonary veins, and the lower one connects with the left ventricle. Due to the rarity of, and great difficulty in-diagnosing, cor trlatrlatum, data On the surgery of this disease are of necessity very limited and so accurate pre-operative diagnosis was very difficult to make. `We experienced a case of the cyanotic congenital heart disease which was diagnosed as a large atrlal septal defect with streaming venous blood from inferior vena cava to left atrium through atrial septal defect in August, 1982. We found that there were transverse septum in the left atrium through atrlal septal defect, the pulmonary venous drainage were located in the upper chamber of the left atrium, and the lower chamber was connected with the left atrial appendage, mitral valve and `left ventricle. But our case had not any opening in this transverse septum and the right atrium was connected with the upper chamber of the left atrium through the upper part of the atrlal septal defect, and was communicated with the lower chamber of the left atrium through the lower part of the atrlal septal defect. We excised the transverse septum and repair this atrial septal defect with Woven Dacron patch accompanying with the drainage of coronary sinus to right atrium. The post-operative course was not eventful and he was discharged with good result on the post-operative 8th day, and has been in good .condition up to now for longer than 10 months.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.235-246
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• 2015

After kidney transplantation, immunosuppressive medication is essential to enhance the quality of life and survival of the transplanted patient. To promote the medication adherence, subjects are required to have converged attitude with open mind. Medication adherence will depend on the attitude of the psychosocial characteristics and treatment guidelines. The purpose of this study was to identify the specific types and characteristics of medication adherence in the view of kidney transplanted patients. Q-methodology, a technique for extracting subjective opinions, was used. Forty participants completed the Q-sort activity, rating each statement relative to the others. The collected data were analyzed by QUANL PC program. Four types of medication adherence of kidney transplanted patients were identified: 'positive lifestyle management type', 'vigilant appearance management type', 'somber oblivion type', 'vigilant family support type'. Through the identification of attitudes to medication adherence, repeated and individualized medication adherence program will help to prevent graft rejection.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.909-920
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• 2008

기술이 급속도로 발전하고 과거 자연 독점을 이루고 있던 많은 서비스 산업의 규제가 완화되면서 경쟁이 더욱 치열해지고 있다 기존 기업들은 신규 시장 진입 기업들을 방해하기 위하여 진입장벽을 높이기도 하고 기존의 인프라를 이용하여 더욱 뛰어난 기술력을 선보이기 위하여 노력한다 하지만 대부분의 서비스 기업들의 경우 이동통신 산업처럼 새로운 서비스가 시장에 진입하게 되면 많은 사람들의 관심이 늘어나고 이로 인해 기존 서비스가 시장에서 퇴출되는 둥의 어려움도 가지고 있다. 또한 독과점 형태를 이루고 있던 기업들은 시장 진입 기업에 대해 방심하고 있다. 갑작스러운 경쟁 체제에 미숙한 대응 방안으로 인하여 더욱 어려움을 겪기도 한다 반면에, 소비자의 경우 신규 서비스 초반 많은 관심을 가지고 이용 서비스를 신규 서비스로 옮기기도 하지만 서비스 품절, 이용용이성, 유용성에 의하여 지속적으로 이용하기도 하고 다시 기존 서비스를 이용하기도 한다. 따라서 경쟁 체제에서의 시장 환경에서 고객 만족도를 높여 결과적으로 고객 충성도를 높이는 전략은 기존 기업뿐만 아니라, 신규 진출 기업에게도 매우 중요한 과제가 되고 있다. 최근 유료방송시장의 기술이 발전하고 IPTV라는 새로운 서비스가 출시됨에 따라 기존의 Cable TV 는 시장 점유율이 잠식당하고 있다 IPTV 의 유료방송 시장으로의 진출로 인해 Cable TV 의 많은 가입자들이 IPTV 로 이용서비스를 옮기는 것을 방지하기 위하여 고객 만족을 높여 결과적으로 고객 의 충성도를 높여 기존 고객의 이탈을 방지하기 위한 전략이 필요하다. 유료방송서비스 외에도 많은 서비스 산업 내에서 경쟁이 치열해지면서 기존 기업들이 고객의 이 탈을 방지하기 위하여 고객 만족도를 높이는 방안에 대한 연구가 필요하다 본 연구에서는 유료방송 시장을 분석하여 서비스 산업에서 고객만족을 높이기 위한 방안에 대하여 연구해보고자 한다. 기존 연구의 서비스 품절, 이용용이성, 유용성에 대한 연구를 기초로 하여 고객 성향, 신규 서비스의 효용성이라는 변수를 추가하여 분석한 결과 고객 성향 및 신규 서비스의 효용성이라는 변수도 역시 고객 만족도와 고객 충성도에 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.392-404
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• 2010

Recently, as both business processes and IT systems become ever more complex. Especially, enterprise applications tend to become unmanageably complex and increasingly costly to maintain. Therefore complexity is the insidious enemy of software development. It is critical to have a methodology that recognizes and manages this enemy effectively. In this paper, we propose ISIS (Integrated System of Independent Subsystems) - the architectural style needed to develop the complex enterprise applications. The ISIS was developed to meet the challenge of reducing the complexity of a larger enterprise application today. It gives us architecture models for reducing development complexity and composite application. The enterprise application is partitioned into a collection of independent subsystems using ISIS decomposition schemes and equivalence relations. We use middleware named ISIS engine that provides a service for subsystems interoperability by enabling the integration of distributed, cross-platform subsystems. We have implemented an ITSM system that achieves our objectives, reducing development complexity, using the ISIS architecture. Finally, ISIS architecture provides greater flexibility and productivity when an organization needs either to change its business processes, or to update the underlying systems.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.375-388
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• 2021

This paper aims to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 by analyzing confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Daejeon. A high volume of visitors, downtown areas, and psychological fatigue with prolonged social distancing were considered as risk factors associated with the spread of COVID-19. We considered the weekly confirmed cases in each administrative district as a response variable. Explanatory variables were the number of passengers getting off at a bus station in each administrative district and the elapsed time since the Korean government had imposed distancing in daily life. We employed a mixed-effects zero-inflated Poisson regression model because the number of cases was repeatedly measured with excess zero-count data. We conducted k-means clustering to identify three groups of administrative districts having different characteristics in terms of the number of bars, the population size, and the distance to the closest college. Considering that the number of confirmed cases might vary depending on districts' characteristics, the clustering information was incorporated as a categorical explanatory variable. We found that Covid-19 was more prevalent as population size increased and a district is downtown. As the number of passengers getting off at a downtown district increased, the confirmed cases significantly increased.