• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.267-271
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• 2007

This study was carried out to examine optimal hot water treatment time in Albizzia julibrissin seeds. Germination and moisture absorption characteristics among intact seeds, immersed seeds for 24 hours in distilled water and hot water treated seeds were surveyed. As result, treated seeds showed a highly significant difference with intact and immersed seeds (p<0.0l). Especially, treated seed for 2.0 minutes represented the highest percent of germination (PG). But mean germination time (MGT) did not have significant difference between non-treatment and treatments (p=0.502). Germination speed and germination performance index showed similar tendency with PG. In percent of moisture absorption (PMA) and moisture absorption rate constant (MARC) treatments had higher values than non-treatment whereas 2.0 minutes treatment was lower than non-treatment in initial moisture absorption rate (IMAR). In relation between germination properties and moisture absorption characteristics, all properties except MGT among germination properties had high correlations with PMA and MARC ($r=0.854{\sim}0.931$,p<0.01) whereas IMAR didn't have correlation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.711-715
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• 1995

This study was carried out to determine the desirable screeing condition for low-temperature germinability of rice seeds. The germination test was performed with fifty rice varieties from three countries, mainly including the recent Korean rice cultivars. The analyzed result of germination test under three temperature conditions(13$^{\circ}C$, 16$^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$) pointed out that 11 days after seeding at 13$^{\circ}C$ was the most efficient testing condition for low-temperature germinability in terms of mean and variation in germination rate. Highly significant correlations were observed between germination rates of 11 days after seeding at 13$^{\circ}C$ and germination coefficients, average days of germination at 13 for 20 days. Low-temperature germinability were highly positively associated with days to heading or amylose content, but negatively correlated with grain width.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.15
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• pp.47-52
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• 1997

The experiment was carried out to find the optimal condition for seed germination in vitro of Calanthe species. Seeds of Calanthe spp. after 90 days self pollination were well germinated in the MS medium. Germination condition of cross seeds between C. discolor and C. striata was much improved by pretreatment of micro sonic waves for 10 min. The days of germination was more shortened. and protocorm growth was more promoted in microsonic wave treatment than in non-treatment.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.97-124
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• 1976

To find out the most effective method of treatments for the induction of sprouting of dormant seed potato pieces for the fall crop production of Irish cobbler, this experiment was carried out with sprout inducing bed and field performance trial. In GA treatments, about 10 days were required to sprout and resulted uniform and thin 3-4 sprouts per tuber piece, but sprouts were slender and rooting was not observed. In Ethrel treatments, 20-25 days were required, and sprouts were inferior than that of GA treatment in uniformity of sprouting, and percentage of rotten pieces and of healthy sprouted tuber pieces, but number of sprouts per tuber pieces was low, being 1-2, and sprouts were short, thick, and healthy, and showed good rooting. In GA and Ethrel mixture treatments, 1-2 more days were required to sprout than GA treatments, but sprouts were relatively healthy, and other sprouting pattern were like that of GA treatments. In Ethylene chlorohydrin and 6-Benzyl-adenine treatments, sprouting was like that of Ethrel treatments, but much more days were required than Ethrel treatments and tendency of severe rotting was observed. Optimum treating methods of promising chemicals found to be 1-2 and 2-5 ppm GA solution, 500 and 1000-2000 ppm Ethrel solution, and 1-2＋250-500 and 5＋250-500 ppm GA and Ethrel mixture solution for 60 min. treatment of tuber piece and whole-tuber, respectively. Induction of sprouting in dry and hot time resulted severer rotting of tuber pieces during the induction of sprouting and with the advancement of dormancy, being delayed in date of treatment, tendency of promotion of sprouting and rooting was observed. When sprouted tuber piece was transplanted at the same date, yields were in order of Ethrel, GA and Ethrel mixture, and GA treatment, indicating the correlation between yield and healthiness of sprout and rooting status of sprouted tuber piece. In all treatments, earlier transplanting resulted higher yields.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.98-102
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• 2000

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of chemicals and their concentrations, priming temperature and duration, and different germination temperature on germinability of salvia seeds. The highest percentage of germination was obtained with 50 or 100 mM $KH_2PO_4$, or with -0.50 or -0.75 MPa PEG 8000. When number of days to attain 50% of the final germination percentage (T50) and mean number of days to germination (MDG) were taken into account, 50 mM $KH_2PO_4$ or -0.50 MPa PEG was most effective for early germination. No seeds germinated when primed in $K_3PO_4$ or NaOH solution. Priming the seeds at $20^{\circ}C$ was better than priming at $15^{\circ}C$ or $25^{\circ}C$. Priming at $20^{\circ}C$ for 4 or 6 days reduced the MDG by 2.3 days compared with nonprimed seeds. Seeds primed with -0.50 MPa PEG at $20^{\circ}C$ showed a high germination percentage with reduced T50 and MDG. When seeds were primed in a mixture of -0.50 MPa PEG and 50 mM $KH_2PO_4$ solution and germinated at $30^{\circ}C$ or $35^{\circ}C$, percent germination was lower than nonprimed seeds. However, the combined treatment retained the priming effect for reducing T50 and MDG.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.54-56
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• 2002

고추는 국내 재배면적이 노지재배가 75,000 ha 정도로서 해마다 조금씩 감소하고 있고, 시설재배가 5,000 ha 정도로서 해마다 증가하고 있다. 따라서 약 80,000 ha 의 재배 면적을 매년 심어야 하기 때문에 원예작물 가운데 가장 많은 모종을 필요로 한다. 이를 뒷받침하기 위하여 공정육묘에서 차지하는 비율이 60%를 넘고 있다. 고추종자는 발아적온이 28-3$0^{\circ}C$ 정도로 알려져 있으며 발아소요일수가 2-3일 정도로서 발아적산온도는 1,300~1,450$^{\circ}$ 정도로 알려져 있다. (중략)

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.93-97
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• 2000

This study was conducted to determine the appropriate osmotic priming chemicals and their concentrations to improve germination of carrot, lettuce, onion, and Welsh onion seeds. Each chemical, including $KNO_3$, $KH_2PO_4$, $K_3PO_4$, NaOH, $Ca(NO_3)_2$, and PEG 8000, was tested at three to four concentrations. Percent germination, number of days to attain 50% of the final germination percentage (T50), and mean number of days to germination (MDG) of primed seeds were compared with those of water-imbibed or nonprimed seeds. With the exception of 100 or 200 mM NaOH, other priming chemicals did not affect percent germination of carrot and lettuce seeds. However, the chemical priming did reduce T50 and MDG, especially with -0.5 MPa PEG 8000 for carrot and with 50 mM $K_3PO_4$ or 200 mM $KH_2PO_4$ for lettuce. Among the chemicals with no influence on percent germination did 200 mM $KH_2PO_4$ significantly reduced both T50 and MDG of onion seeds. No chemicals improved percent germination of Welsh onion seeds. Reduction in T50 and MDG was significant only with $KH_2PO_4$ and $Ca(NO_3)_2$.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.135-142
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• 2004

The objective of this study was carried out to determine which method is effective for improving seed germination in carrot and onion among osmotic or solid matrix priming. Seeds were osmotic primed with -0.5 MPa polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG) solution and solid matrix primed with Micro Cel E (seed, Micro Cel E, and water mixed with the ratio of 4.0：2.0：8.0 by weight for carrot, and the ratio of 4.0：1.2：5.0 for onion at $20^{\circ}C$ for 4 days). Seeds were rapidly absorbed water after osmotic priming and solid matrix priming treatment. The moisture content of solid matrix primed seeds was lower than that of osmotic primed seeds in carrot and onion. Osmotic priming and solid matrix priming did not influenced on increasing of percent germination, but $T_{50}$ of treated seeds was shorter than those of untreated seeds at four temperature regimes. The effects of osmotic or solid matrix priming in reducing the $T_{50}$ was greater when the seeds were germinated at $15^{\circ}C$ than at $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ temperature. Solid matrix primed seeds germinated faster than osmotic primed seeds at all temperature in both carrot and onion. After priming, surface-dried seeds germinated faster than dried-back seeds in carrot and onion. Emergence speed of carrot and onion seeds was faster than untreated seeds by osmotic priming or SMP treatment although the final emergence percentage was not significantly influenced. On the other hand, early growth was not significantly influenced by osmotic priming or SMP treatment of carrot and onion seeds.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.130-134
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• 1984

This experiment was conducted to know critical sowing depth and emergence day under different sowing depth at Crop Experiment Station, Suweon, in 1982. Tested weed species were Sagittaria pygnaea, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Cyperus serotinus and Potamageton distinetus, sowing depth of weeds were 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm and 25cm Critical emergence sowing depth of S. pygnaea, E. kuroguwai was 15cmand C. serotinus was 20cm sowing depth while P. distintus was 25cm sowing depth. Average emergence days under 5cm sowing depth for E. kurogwai, S. pygmaea, P. distintus and C. serotinus was 27.8 days, 14.1 days, 13.6 days and 7.3 days. While, relationships between sowing depth and day to emergence was positively correlated. Gernination percent of weeds under Critical emergence sowing depth, S. pygmaea, E. kurogwai and, P. distinctus was 57%, 67%, 80%, but C. serotinu.s was all died.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.168-174
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• 1994

The experiments were performed to examine the effects of simulated acid rain (pH 1.0${\sim}$5.0) prepared by mixing sulfuric acid and nitric acid at the ratio of 3 : 1 on germination and growth of seedlings of some floricultural crops. Days to germination showed a one to three days' interval among crops, but pH level did not show any effect on germination for each crop. All seeds used in this experiment did not germinate at pH 1.0. At pH 2.0, the flowering cabbage and geranium still did not germinate, and even though the radicles of seeds were germinated, root hairs did not develop. The length of hypocotyls and radicles appeared to be significantly different according to the pH levels.