• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2006

Background and Objectives : Functional dysphonia is a voice disturbance in the absence of structural or neurologic laryngeal pathology characterized by voluntary misuse of laryngeal muscles. The present report reviews clinical characteristics of 25 patients with functional dysphonia. Materials and Method : We analyzed medical records, perceptual and acoustic analysis of voice samples, aerodynamic studies and laryngoscopy. Results : There was no sex or age predilection. Eighty four percent of patients presented sudden onset of symptoms and 76% had specific events at the onset. Most patients showed breathy or strained voice and various degree of vocal fold insufficiency with supraglottic compensatory contractions. Acoustic analysis revealed non-diagnostic, but mean flow rate was lower than normal in all cases. All patients responded to voice therapy except for 4 patients who were tort to follow up. Mean number of voice therapy sessions required to get responses is 1.9 sessions. Conclusion : We concluded that patients with functional dysphonia responded very well to short-term voice therapy and should be included in differential diagnosis in patients with dysphonia cannot be explained by structural or neurologic etiology.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2007

Purpose: Because of the anatomical characteristics, it is difficult to perform radical operation in spinal tumor. Numerous operations on primary and metastatic spinal tumor have been performed and among those total en bloc spondylectomy has produced decent clinical result. Clinical and radiological results have been analyzed based on five total en bloc spondylectomy on primary and metastatic spinal tumor. Materials and Methods: Patients included in this study were one with primary and four with metastatic spinal tumors, from June 1997 to January 2006. Two of the four were originated form kidney. One was from breast and the other one was not identified. McAfee's 4 point scale, VAS and Frankel's classification have been used as clinical assessment of pain and neurological symptoms. Clinical assessment have been conducted for every 3 months after operation including local recurrence, bone union and complications. Results: Assessment of pain decreased from average of 3 before operation to 1.6 after operation in McAfee's scale and VAS decreased from average of 9.2 to 1.6. Neurological deficit after operation improved from C to D in Frankel's category. Local recurrence has been detected on metastatic adenocarcinoma of L4 during follow up. Conclusion: Total en bloc spondylectomy is evidently useful operational method for primary and metastatic spinal tumor since it completely decompresses spinal nerves, decreases axial pain immediately and improves the quality of remaining life.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide a cost effective usability test model for business web site development. In this study, we present a usability test model that combines Concurrent Think Aloud, performance measurement, coaching method, and remote test method. Testing target was the consortium website of electronic information joint licensing. Test participants were actual users selected by their task roles and proficiency in different levels. We improved the system by reflecting the results of user test analysis and re-tested usability test again. The result showed that usability of all participants was improved in the aspect of the time required and the complexity of mouse trajectory. It is expected that the usability test model presented in this study can be used to cost-effectively evaluate and analyze business web sites. We suggest that research various usability test model considering the characteristics of websites.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.400-409
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• 2004

In this paper. a voice personality transformation method is proposed. which makes one person's voice sound like another person's voice. To transform the voice personality. vocal tract transfer function is used as a transformation parameter. Comparing with previous methods. the proposed method makes transformed speech closer to target speaker's voice in both subjective and objective points of view. Conversion between vocal tract transfer functions is implemented by classification of entire vector space followed by linear transformation for each cluster. LPC cepstrum is used as a feature parameter. A joint classification and transformation method is proposed, where optimum clusters and transformation matrices are simultaneously estimated in the sense of a minimum mean square error criterion. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method. transformation rules are generated from 150 sentences uttered by three male and on female speakers. These rules are then applied to another 150 sentences uttered by the same speakers. and objective evaluation and subjective listening tests are performed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.291-292
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• 2003

잔류성 유기오염물질(POPs; Persistent Organic Pollutants)은 환경 내에서 분해가 느려 잔류성이 높고, 생체 지질에 축적되는 독성이 강한 특성이 있다. 따라서 스톡홀름 협약(2001년 5월 23일)에서 12종의 POPs 물질에 대해 국제적 사용금지 및 관리가 결정되었다. POPs는 대부분 반휘발성(semi-volatile) 이어서 대기 중 장거리 이동되어 배출지와 다른 곳에 침적되는 것이 보고되어있다. 이러한 물질들의 대기 중 잔류량과 기체상과 입자상의 분포 특성을 살펴서 환경 내 이동성을 파악하는 것은 인체위해성 수준을 알아내는데 중요한 자료이다. (중략)

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.131-137
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• 2008

The salient features of interactive art development through the participation of spectators in the late 20th century could be creativity and possibility of future growth by biological factors. With the development of artificial life studies, Interactive art holds a position in the biological developmental stage, but relevant studies have not been active. This study analyzes three representative case studies located in the emergent stages of development and examines the traits closely so that the foundation of developmental direction of emergent property would be clarified.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2016.07a
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• pp.299-300
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• 2016

매년 급격한 경제성장률을 보이는 중국은 이제 우리나라와 긴밀한 관계가 돼야할 필요성이 있으며, 이러한 이유로 국내외적으로 한국어 홍보와 한국어 학습교재 발간, 학습방법에 대한 논의가 이루어져 왔다. 따라서 중국인화자가 한국어를 발성하였을 때와 외국인화자의 한국어발성시의 특성을 비교, 분석 하였으며, 분석을 통한 향후 외국인들의 한국어 교육 시에 강세의 중요성을 알리기 위해 연구를 하고자 한다. 분석 결과 피치는 비슷하였으나 나머지 포만트 구간에서는 중국어 화자가 전체적으로 낮게 나왔으며, 중간 중간에 에너지가 적거나 없고, 강세부분에서 높낮이가 있지 않고 평탄한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.63-70
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to show the aerodynamic characteristics and differences in muscle tension dysphonia and adductor spasmodic dysphonia to predict factors which will provide additional information while preparing for the objective examination standard to distinguish the two dysphonias. Forty-eight individuals diagnosed with muscle tension dysphonia and adductor spasmodic dysphonia participated in this study. PAS was used in order to find the aerodynamic characteristics for the two dysphonias. The outcomes of this study show that the airflow variation and glottal resistance of the two groups showed noticeable differences. This study concludes that the aerodynamic characteristics may be used as additional information on diverse evaluations to classify muscle tension dysphonia and adductor spasmodic dysphonia.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1994.06b
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• pp.88-88
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• 1994

초기후두암에 대한 방사선요법은 수술적 치료에 비하여 정상 후두기능 즉 발성 기능을 최대 한 보존할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 그러나 방사선 치료법은 병적 혹은 정상 후두조직에 섬유화, 점막부종 혹은 점액선 간소등의 변영을 초래할 수 있기 때문에 어느 정도의 음성장애를 유발하게 된다. 방사선요법이 후두의 발성기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 초기후두암 환자와 두경부암으로 인하여 정상후두에 방사선 조사를 받았던 환자 및 정상대조군 각 20명에 대하여 음향 및 공기역학적 음성검사를 시행하여 음성장애의 특성을 비교, 검토하였다. 초기 후두암 환자들에게 사는 방사선 치료 후 음성지표들이 관찰되었고, 정상후두에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.65-68
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• 2001

현재 음성인식기는 다채널의 음성입력방식을 사용하고 있는 추세이다. 이런 방법으로 음성인식기를 사용할 때에 자동적으로 음성을 검출하는 음성입력방식은 발성자와 마이크간의 거리에 따라 발성음성, 반사음성과 잡음이 입력된 경우에 원 음성의 고차포만트 성분에 왜곡이 발생하게 된다 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 고주파영역의 특성을 강조시킬 수 있는 프리엠퍼시스를 이용하여 더욱 더 정확한 음성입력 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 원음과 유사한 합성입력음을 얻었고, 또한 기존의 시간영역 법 보다 더 높은 SNR을 얻을 수 있다는 것을 알 수가 있다.