• Title/Summary/Keyword: 발생원단위

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CO2 Emission Structure Analysis with Environmental Input-Output Table 2000 (환경산업연관표 2000을 이용한 산업부문의 이산화탄소(CO2) 발생 분석)

  • Kim, Yoon Kyung
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.425-450
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    • 2006
  • The index of energy intensity(energy/GDP) has been a primary policy concern since it can clarify industry sectors which use energy intensively and generate $CO_2$ emission heavily. Although energy intensity index may be suitable for estimating $CO_2$ emission from an isolated industry sector, we need an index for induced $CO_2$ emission since industrial activities are interconnected in terms of input and output. By employing Environmental Input-Output Table 2000, this paper analyses the flow of energy demand and pollutants after first estimating an induced $CO_2$ emissions from various industrial sectors and economic activities. The paper reports higher induced $CO_2$ emissions from industry sectors with larger energy intensity since they produces goods or services retaining relatively considerable environmental load. Furthermore, it is shown that environmental load and $CO_2$ emissions in overall economy are likely increasing when the products of energy intensive industrial sector is used as inputs for less intensive sectors' production process. The result suggests we need consistent policy efforts to reduce energy intensity to lower $CO_2$ emissions.

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Unit Mass Estimation and Analysis from Fiber Dyeing and Finishing Facility Nearby Nakdong River Basin (낙동강수계에서 섬유염색 및 가공 업체에 대한 공정별 원단위산정 및 분석)

  • Gu, Jung-Eun;Nah, Dong-Hoon;Lee, Seung-Hwan
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.31 no.9
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    • pp.765-774
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    • 2009
  • Fiber Dyeing and Finishing facility has been recognized as an important pollution source due to its consumption of large volumes of water and chemicals. Unit mass discharge for the conventional water quality parameters such as flowrate, SS, $BOD_5,\;COD_{Mn},\;COD_{Cr}$, TN, TP were estimated. To represent the respective industries, three companies were carefully selected based on its manufacturing goods, flowrate and location at various unit operations and processes. More than 90% of decrease in unit mass estimation between influent and effluent of BOD was observed. But the values themselves were similar to those of Fiber Manufacturing facility due to the high loadings of organic matter. Biodegradability of influent was almost three times higher than that of effluent. Unit mass discharge estimations of unit process (estimated in this study) based on space, products and raw material were similar to those of composite process (estimated by National Institute of Environmental Research), while big difference was observed in the other factors. Unit mass discharge factors calculated in this study can be used as the reference for the estimation of water pollution loading costs in Nakdong river basin. For the effective water pollution control and management, it is essential to characterize the various types of water quality parameters from the effluents of individual industrial wastewater treatment plants.

A study on the estimation of unit load generation and discharge from livestock resources of piggery (돼지 축분자원화물의 발생 및 배출부하 원단위 산정에 관한 연구)

  • Han, Gee-Bong;Kang, Young-Hee;Yoon, Ji-Hyun;Rim, Jay-Myoung;Won, Chul-Hee;Choi, Seung-Chul
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.91-100
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    • 2006
  • In this study, the characterization of unit load generation and discharge from various type stall of piggery was conducted by investigation and analysis of contaminants loading from piggery urine, manure and wastewater. The results are summarized as follows: The unit load generation of filth increases as piggery grow older, but there was not large enough difference among those values of unit load evaluated for various stall types if mean values of each type of stall are considered. The generation amounts of manure and urine were total 4.57kg/head/d of 1.49kg manure/head/d and 3.08kg urine/head/d with consideration of 3 seasons and live weight. The finalized mean unit load generation of filth were estimated at BOD 199.5g/head/d, $COD_{cr}\;413.5g/head/d$, T-N 27.8g/head/d, T-P 5.3g/head/d with consideration of seasons and the type of stalls. The wastewater unit loads discharged from cement type stall were estimated at BOD 31.3g/head/d, $COD_{cr}\;95.6g/head/d$, T-N 8.9g/head/d, T-P가 3.1g/head/d. The sum of manure unit load generation considered with manure collection ratio(80%, 90%) and wastewater unit load was almost similar when compared to the unit load discharged from slurry type stall even though more or less difference were appeared according to each contaminants and parameters.

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Land Generated Waste Load Unit Estimation Based on Land Use Map with LP Optimization (LP 최적화에 의한 토지피복도 기반 토지계 발생부하 원단위 산정)

  • Park, Kyung Ok;Lee, Chang Hee
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.226-231
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    • 2016
  • Land Generated Waste Load Unit(LGWLU) estimation based on land use data is required to understand the impact of land use on water quality. The method of estimating LGWLU based on the monitoring data requires a lot of time and manpower. In this study, we propose a method of land pollution unit load estimation based on land use data with LP optimization. Optimization is the process to obtain the best possible optimal solution in a given condition. This study carried out optimization by using excel solver in Microsoft Excel. This study derived LGWLU of BOD, T-N, T-P in Gongju-Si and Seocheon-Gun by using the 2012 land use map made by ministry of environment based on 2010 satellite image. This study about LGWLU estimation is expected to be able to determine more clearly the water pollution caused by land use changes.

제주시에서 배출되는 비점오염물질 유출특성

  • Jo, Eun-Il;Lee, Yong-Du;Kim, Jong-Gu
    • Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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    • 2006.05a
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    • pp.255-256
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    • 2006
  • 토지이용별 비점오염물질 현장 조사한 결과를 보면 토지이용별 강우 유출수의 평균 농도는 대부분 공업지역이 전 항목이 높게 나타났으며 단독 주거지역과 아파트 지역이 낮은 유출 특성을 보였다. 토지이용별 비점오염물질 발생 원단위를 조사한 결과 각 지역별 원단위 값을 보면 대부분 항목이 타지역 조사결과와 유사한 값을 보이나 제주시의 경우 전 항목에 걸쳐 타 지역에 비해 낮은 발생 원단위 값을 보이는 것을 알 수 있었다.

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Analysis of Organic Contaminants from Fowl, Duck, Horse, Deer, Goat and Sheep as Unit Load Generation and Discharge (닭, 오리, 말, 사슴, 염소, 및 양에 의한 유기성 오염물 발생에 따른 배출부하 원단위 산정)

  • Han, Jun-Suk;Yoon, Ji-Hyun;Han, Gee-Bong
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.66-73
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    • 2008
  • In this study, the characterization of minor livestock's excretions in terms of unit load generation and discharge was conducted by investigation and analysis of urine, manure and wastewater from stall of fowl, duck, horse, deer, goat and sheep. The results are summarized as follows: The unit load generation of fowl estimated by discharged amount and concentration analysis increases in egg layers due to the difference of planting head numbers, feed stuffs and manure disposal. In case of deer unit load generation by herbivora were calculated to be higher than data from existing references because of the gap between weight per livestock and the generation amounts of manure and urine. In case of sheep unit load generation by urine were analyzed two times higher than by manure but unit load generation by manure were reported higher than by urine in references, so large differences between this and previous study resulted.

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Calculation Methods of Parking Demand for Housing Using Parking Basic Units Analysis (주차원단위 분석을 통한 주택의 주차수요산정기법 연구)

  • Lee, Young-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.149-157
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    • 2008
  • Rapid urbanization causes a variety of transportation problems, including parking. Then transportation engineers would get involved in trying to solve parking problem. Estimation of parking demand is essential for finding a solution to the parking problem. Estimation of parking demand generally uses the "parking basic unit"; however, the parking basic unit does not totally determine parking demand. This study analyzes the problems with using the parking basic unit with a field investigation and the establishment of a new parking demand calculation model. Parking basic units estimated from the mean parking basic unit method are higher than those resulting from a regression analysis. However, parking basic units resulting from these methods fail to satisfy parking demand in many buildings. Analysis results for a cumulative distribution of parking basic units are reasonable if they satisfy 88% of parking demand in buildings. However, parking basic units that satisfy 88% of parking demand in buildings is a problem in some areas with an oversupply of parking lots. Ultimately, this study establishes a parking demand calculation model.

Comparison of the Construction Waste Generated by the Project and the Estimation of the Waste Generation Unit (건설공사 공정별 건설폐기물 발생량 비교 및 폐기물 발생 원단위 산정에 관한 연구)

  • Song, Tae-Hyeob;Seong, Jin-Uk
    • Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.427-434
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    • 2017
  • The generation of construction waste can be divided into a decommissioning phase and a new construction phase, and most of the waste is generated at the decommissioning stage. However, recently, domestic new construction construction has expanded to 150 trillion yards per year, so construction work is increasing rapidly. Especially, as the size of the construction work with much waste of construction waste exceeds 100 trillion, the management of the amount of construction waste in the new construction site is required. Unlike the dismantling work site, the new construction site can separate waste generated by each property, and relatively low foreign matter content is generated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the amount of construction waste generated by new construction sites and to calculate the unit amount of construction waste based on this. In addition, since the existing unit cost is centered on concrete and mixed waste, we set the basic unit by setting synthetic resin, waste wood, and waste board as additional items. The basic unit survey was carried out to investigate the wastes according to the characteristics of each construction period. As a result of the survey, the new construction site showed that most wastes were discharged in the first 30% and after 70% of the process, and the ratio of mixed construction waste was as high as 45%. As a result of this study, it was found that about twice as much waste was produced as compared with the conventional standard product.

CO2 Emission Structure Analysis of Industrial Sector with Environmental Input-Output Table 2005 (환경산업연관표 2005를 이용한 산업부문의 이산화탄소(CO2) 배출 분석)

  • Kim, Yoon Kyung
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.1-31
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    • 2011
  • By employing Environmental Input-Output Table 2005, which has 76 intermediate sector and 21 energy sources, this paper analyses the flow of energy demand and $CO_2$ after estimating an induced $CO_2$ emissions from 76 industrial sectors. Index of $CO_2$ intensity($CO_2/GDP$) and other index of $CO_2$ intensity($CO_2/calory$) showed that final demand sector uses more high calory energy source. Intermediate sector used less environmental friendly energy source and emit more $CO_2$ at same calory. Industries those has high induced $CO_2$ emissions are Thermal Power($32.587CO_2-g/Won$), Cement($10.370CO_2-g/Won$), Road Transportation($7.255CO_2-g/Won$), Cokes and Other Coal Products($5.791CO_2-g/Won$), Steam and Hot water supply, Sewage, Sanitary services($4.575CO_2-g/Won$). It is shown that industry such as Iron and Steel which has low $CO_2$ intensity, high backward linkage effect and high forward linkage effect makes high induced $CO_2$ emissions. Environmental load and $CO_2$ emissions in overall economy will decrease when not high $CO_2$ intensity industry but also low $CO_2$ intensity industry makes lower $CO_2$ intensity.

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Characteristics of Unit Load Generation and Discharge from Livestock Resources (축분자원화물 발생 및 배출부하 원단위 특성)

  • Han, Gee-Bong;Lee, Young-Siu;Lim, Jai-Myug
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.82-90
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    • 2008
  • The generation amounts of manure and urine were total 4.57kg/head/d of 1.49kg manure/head/d and 3.08kg urine/head/d with consideration of 3 seasons and live weight. The finalized mean unit load generation of filth were estimated at BOD 199.5g/head/d, CODCr 413.5g/head/d, T-N 27.8g/head/d, T-P 5.3g/head/d with consideration of seasons and the type of stalls. The unit load generation of manure and urine from korean cow were analyzed as 10.9kg/head/day and 3.3kg/head/day, respectively. The unit load generation of manure from milch cow was analyzed to be 24.6L/head/day which was similar to the report of MOE(2006). The urine generation, 10.5L/head/day, was higher than the results from MOA(2000) and NIAR(2000), but was lower than the results from MOE(2006), NIER(1986) and KIST(1990). The unit load generation from egg layers estimated by discharged amount and concentration analysis increases in due to the difference of planting head numbers, feed stuffs and manure disposal. In case of deer unit load generation by herbivora were calculated to be higher than data from existing references because of the gap between weight per livestock and the generation amounts of manure and urine.

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