• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.78 no.2
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• pp.160-167
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• 1989

This study was carried out to examine the mycorrhizal development, growth, and nutrient uptake of Quercus serrate seedlings while they were grown for 120 days in a pot medium with and without Pisolithus tinctorius, and also with applications of nitrogen levels. The results were summarized as follows : 1) Inoculated seedlings showed ectomycorrhizal formation of 61. 75%. 2) In the root development, the best nitrogen level was $300{\mu}g/ml$ for inoculated seedlings, and the number of short roots, the number of primary lateral roots and total length of lateral roots were 34.3, 30.7, and 17.2% greater, respectively, than noninoculated seedlings. 3) Growth of shoot, leaf area, total dry weight, and volume of inoculated seedlings were increased 26.9, 52.3, 31.7, and 85.7% greater respectively, than noninoculated seedlings. 4) Inoculated seedlings were more enhanced in the uptake of N, P, K, and Ca than noninoculated seedlings, and the enhanced uptake was best shown at $300{\mu}g$ N/ml treatment.

• Proceedings of The KACE
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• 2017.08a
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• pp.93-97
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• 2017

오늘날의 교육은 단순히 지식을 많이 습득하는 것보다 문제를 인식하고 지식 및 정보를 통합하여 창의적으로 문제를 해결할 수 있는 역량 중심의 교육을 강화하고 있다. 이러한 역량을 배양하고 함양하기 위해 학생들의 발달 수준을 알아보고 분석하기 위해 국제 수준의 학업 성취도 평가 연구가 국제기구를 중심으로 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 학습자들의 역량을 효과적으로 평가하기 위해 최근에 컴퓨터 기반 평가가 도입되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국제 수준의 학업 성취도 평가에서 컴퓨터 기반 평가가 이루어지는 현황을 파악하고 PISA와 ICILS의 공개 문항의 특징을 비교하여 시사점을 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.210-214
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• 2000

컴퓨터를 이용한 교육 시스템은 1950년대말 일리노리 대학의 Donald Bitzer 박사에 의해 구상되어 왔고 1961년 PLATO 시스템이 개발된 이래 지난 30여년 동안 다각적인 연구가 이루어져왔고, 특히, 인터넷과 정보통신기술의 발달은 WWW 기반의 원격교육시스템의 개발과 발전을 진일보 시켰으며, 이들 시스템들은 기존의 교육 패러다임을 변모시키는 새로운 형태의 교육체계 구현을 통해 교육현장에 커다란 기여를 하고 있다. 본 논문은 WW W기반 기술 중 능동적 정보전달방식인 Push 기술을 기존 원격교육 시스템에 접목하여 학습자가 인터넷의 학습 DB에 접속하지 않고도 학습 내용을 제공받을수 있고, 새로운 학습정보를 실시간적으로 파악할 수 있는 Push 기반 원격교육시스템을 제안한다. 또한 , 학습지의 다양한 수준에 맞는 문제의 처리와 문항 분석이 가능한 수준별 문항평가 알고리즘을 통해 학습자의 학습수준에 적합한 문항 평가 이루어지도록 설계하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.251-254
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• 2001

인터넷의 발달로 등장한 가상강의에서는 기존의 교사중심의 강의가 아닌 학습자의 입장을 고려할 수 있는 강의를 요구하게 되었다. 이런 관점에서 학습이 이루어지기 위해서는 학습자의 지식수준과 이해력 그리고 학습자가 처해 있는 환경에 대한 배려가 필요하다. 학습자가 학습을 진행함에 있어서 학습의 계획을 설정하고 학습방법을 제시해 주는 역할을 수행하는 교사가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 이런 교사로서의 역할을 수행하는 Tutor 에이전트를 제안한다. Tutor 에이전트는 학습형태를 난이도별로 나누고 학습자에 맞는 난이도의 학습을 선택한다. 그리고 Tutor 에이전트는 학습자의 학습결과를 추론 알고리즘으로 학습자 수준을 결정하여 새로운 학습모델을 구성한다. 새롭게 구성된 학습모델은 학습자의 수준에 적응하는 학습이 이루어지게 한다.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2019

물체가 지닌 3차원 정보를 가장 완벽하게 복원해 내는 디스플레이 기술인 홀로그램은 오랜 기간 사진과 같은 형태의 정지상 영상으로만 재현이 되었으나, 최근 급격하게 발전한 5G 수준의 데이터 통신기술과 초고해상도 디스플레이 기술의 발달로 동영상 재생이 가능한 수준에 다다르고 있다. 디지털 홀로그램 기술을 통해 만들어진 computer generated hologram 패턴을 실제 광학적으로 송출해 내는 디스플레이 장치라 할 수 있는 Spatial Light Modulator(SLM)은 최근 LCoS, DMD 등 다양한 방식으로 구현되고 있으나, 아직까지 구동 면적의 크기 및 픽셀 간격의 측면에서 아날로그 홀로그램과 비슷한 수준의 영상을 구현하기에는 다소 어려움이 있는 것이 사실이다. 이에 본 고에서는 다양한 방식으로 접근되고 있는 기존 SLM의 성능 분석 및 차세대 SLM 기술 동향을 소개하고 SLM의 성능 개선 없이도 홀로그램 영상의 화질 수준을 개선할 수 있는 다양한 기술들에 대해 소개하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.103-116
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore $6^{th}$ graders learning progression for lunar phase change focusing astronomical systems thinking. By analyzing the results of previous studies, we developed the constructed-response items, set up the hypothetical learning progressions, and developed the item analysis framework based on the hypothetical learning progressions. Before and after the instruction on the lunar phase change, we collected test data using the constructed-response items. The results of the assessment were used to validate the hypothetical learning progression. Through this, we were able to explore the learning progression of the earth-moon system in a bottom-up. As a result of the study, elementary students seemed to have difficulty in the transformation between the earth-based perspective and the space-based perspective. In addition, based on the elementary school students' learning progression on lunar phase change, we concluded that the concept of the lunar phase change was a bit difficult for elementary students to learn in elementary science curriculum.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.639-651
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of knowledge base and metamemory in children's conceptual implicit memory with category-exemplar-generation task. Subjects were total 180 children of each 60 from Grade2, Grade6 and High school students. They were examined implicit memory with category-exemplar-generation task, knowledge base test, and metamemory test. The data were analyzed using ANCOVA, and Scheffe post hoc test. The result was following: First, as the child grow old, implicit memory primed increased. Implicit memory amount was significantly different between Grade2 and High school students, Grade6 and High school students. Second, as the child grow high knowledge base, implicit memory primed increased. There was a significantly different found between age and knowledge base. Third, as the child grow high metamemory, implicit memory primed increased. These results were interpreted as that the state of the age, knowledge base and metamemory should be an important factorin implicit memory. And current findings suggest that implicit memory can show development if a children's knowledge base and metamemory in developing with age.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.10 no.4 s.36
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• pp.375-384
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• 2005

As the development of information communication technology and thus the growth of security incidents, there has been increasing demand on developing methodologies and tools for measuring the information security level of organizations for the efficient security management. However, most works from foreign countries are not realistic in constructing the checklists, moreover their tools provide neither the ease of use nor the inexpensiveness, and most domestic works are not properly considering the characteristics of the organizations when measuring the information security level. In this study, an efficient information security levelling tool is suggested, which applies the multiple variable weights for security levelling according to the characteristics of organizations and the fuzzy technique to reduce the user's subjectivity and the genetic algorithm to establish the security countermeasure.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.107-119
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the vocabulary and problem-solving ability characteristics of adolescents with developmental disabilities related to leisure and recreation and use them as basic data in education and support of recreation activities for adolescents with developmental disabilities. The study participants were comprised of adolescents with developmental disabilities, divided into two groups based on their receptive language age: those under 10 years old and those 10 years and older. The results obtained through this study are as follows. First, there was a significant difference in leisure and recreation vocabulary between the two groups according to receptive language age. Second, there was a significant difference in problem-solving ability between the two groups based on their receptive language age. Third, the analysis of the correlation between leisure and recreation vocabulary and problem-solving abilities within each group revealed that the under 10 years old group showed the highest correlation in basic vocabulary and basic problem-solving abilities, while the 10 years and older group exhibited the highest correlation in intermediate and advanced levels of problem-solving abilities. Fourth, the analysis of incorrect responses to leisure and recreation vocabulary showed a high rate of selecting vocabulary related to similar topics as incorrect answers. Additionally, the analysis of overreactions to problem-solving abilities indicated an increasing tendency of incorrect responses in items requiring context comprehension. Additionally, the analysis of incorrect responses to problem-solving abilities indicated a tendency of higher error rates in items requiring context comprehension. The results of this study provide insights for discussing directions in communication-related skills education for the smooth recreation life of adolescents with developmental disabilities. Accordingly, it is expected to be utilized as foundational information for educational and support programs aimed at the successful recreation activities of adolescents with developmental disabilities.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.163-175
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• 2003

The research was aimed to find a special quality to the mathematical concept development using a graphing calculator in the collaborative learning. I could observe the process in which the students had formed the generalized and abstract mathematical concepts after they were given different concepts. I \ulcorner-Iso observed the characteristics of how they started with a vague syncretic conglomeration and approached to the complicated thoughts and genuine concepts. The advance of the collection type was achieved in the process of teacher's confirming of what the students had observed with a calculator. The language and the instrument were used in order for students to control the partial process. Also, they were given similar types of problems to make them clear when the students confronted 'the crisis of thoughts' at the level of pseudo-concept.