• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

Because acid dyes and reactive dyes require acidic condition for adsorption and alkaline condition for fixation respectively, it is difficult to dye nylon/cotton blends in one-bath one-step dyeing method. In this paper we tried to find out the suitable dye and dyeing condition for one-bath one-step dyeing of nylon/cotton blends. MNT type reactive dyes showed higher exhaustion on cotton as compared with MCT type dyes at neutral pH, which means that the MNT type reactive dyes are preferable for one-bath one-step dyeing method. The optimum condition for one-bath one-step dyeing of nylon/cotton blends was found to be pH 7. Wash fastness of fabrics dyed with half-milling type acid dyes was superior to that of fabrics dyed with levelling type acid dyes, when MNT type reactive dyes were used together.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.318.2-318.2
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• 2013

기존의 염료감응형 태양전지(Dye Sensitized Solar Cells; DSSCs)는 최대 효율 11~12%의 광전변환효율을 가지고 있다. 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위해서 광흡수 층 최적화, 상대전극의 촉매성 증대, 전해질의 산화 환원 반응 최적화 등의 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 DSSCs의 광전변환효율을 증가시키고자 기존의 투명전극 및 기판으로 사용되는 FTO(Fluor-doped Tin Oxide)를 GZO(Gallium-doped Zinc Oxide)를 사용하여 투명전극기판에 따른 계면 저항, 전류손실 등 DSSCs에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 FTO는 ${\sim}7{\Omega}/{\square}$의 면저항과 80%이상의 투과도를 갖고 있으나 Ion-Sputtering 법으로 증착된 GZO는 열처리 과정을 통하여 $3{\sim}4{\Omega}/{\square}$의 면 저항을 나타내고 80%이상의 우수한 투과도를 가지고 있다. 이러한 두 기판의 특성 비교를 위해, UV-Visble Spectrophotometer를 사용하여 광학적 특성을 분석하고, SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope), AFM(Atomic Force Microscope)를 사용하여 표면 특성을 평가하였다. 또한 전기적 특성을 분석하기 위하여 4-Point-probe를 이용하여 면 저항을 측정하였고, DSSCs의 효율 및 Fill Factor를 분석하기 위하여 Solar Simulator의 I-V measurement를 이용하였다.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.43-48
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• 2006

A phthalocyanine reactive dye was applied to nylon fibers to study the effects of the temperature and pH on % exhaustion and fixation. In addition, appropriate predictable empirical models, relatively new approaches in dyeing process, were developed incorporating interactions effects of temperature and pH for predicting the both % exhaustion and fixation. The significance of the mathematical model developed was ascertained using Excel regression (solver) analysis module. A very high correlation coefficient was obtained ($R^2=0.9895$ for % exhaustion, $R^2=0.9932$ for fixation) for the model which shows prominent prediction capacity of the model for the unknown conditions. The predictable polynomial equations developed from the Experimental results were thoroughly analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) statistical concepts.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.210-216
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• 2015

Adsorption of brilliant blue FCF dye using coal based the granular activated carbon from aqueous solution was investigated. Batch experiments were carried out as a function of the adsorbent dose, initial concentration, contact time and temperature. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models. The results indicate that Freundlich model provides the best correlation of the experimental data. Base on the estimated Freundlich constant (1/n = 0.129~0.212), this process could be employed as an effective treatment method. Adsorption data were modeled using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations. It was shown that the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation could describe well the adsorption kinetics. The negative Gibbs free energy value (-4.81~-10.33 kJ/mol) and positive enthalpy value (+78.59 kJ/mol) indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2017

A string wallcovering is a kind of textile wallcovering which is made of cellulose fiber yarn laminated on base paper. Compared with normal paper or PVC wallpaper, a string wallcovering is preferred continually in the interior design market, as it is not only environmentally friendly but it also has less cost on mass production without the weaving process and has a natural visual effect, excellent functionality such as thermo keeping, permeability, sound absorption. However, in the dyeing process, it is not appropriate to use plenty of energy such as water, electricity, steam or chemicals considering the environmental trend and the government policy plenty of energy such as water, electricity, steam or chemicals. Currently, a string wallcovering is made of raw white yarn and padding with direct dye or pigment which includes toxic elements, especially the use of direct dye is restricted in a part of the developed country due to inclusion of azo. In this study, we researched dyeing based on cold pad batch dyeing of a string wallcovering with reactive dyestuff. The peel strength and bending depth test confirmed that the optimum adhesive type and spread amount improved the water resistance of the string wallcovering. Also, pad batch dyeing with optimum reactive dyestuff enhanced the color fastness to light and rubbing in dry and wet conditions. Additionally, for improvement of color fastness to rubbing in a wet condition, the additional treatment finishing without soaping process which is used water. The results of this study can be used as basic data for environmentally friendly and energy saving of the textile wallcovering.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.225-227
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• 2012

Lignin degrading enzymes from white rot fungi show broad substrate specificities, and therefore they can degrade variety of recalcitrant compounds. We have used three different protocols for the generation of immobilized laccase and manganese peroxidase crude enzymes from the genetically transformed strains of Merulius tremellosus Fr. These immobilized enzymes were used in the decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), and they showed about 75% decolorization rates during the 48 h reactions. Although the decolorization efficiency decreased by 10-15% after a repeated use of the immobilized enzymes, these can be reused in various degrading reactions.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.18-25
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• 2007

The fixing behaviors of anthraquinone disperse dyes containing dimethylamino substituent, such as C. I. Disperse Violet 26(D.V.26) and C. I. Disperse Blue 14(D.V.14), or containing diamino substituent, such as C. I. Disperse Blue 73(D.B.73), and monochlorotriazinyl azo reactive dyes, such as C. I. Reactive Orange 13(R.O.13), C. I. Reactive Red 3(R.R.3). C. I. Reactive Yellow 2(R.Y.2) on polyester/cotton blend(P/C) fabrics were examined for the one-step printing of P/C fabrics. The high temperature steaming of $175^{\circ}C$ is the most satisfactory fixing method for P/C one-step printing with above disperse and reactive dyes among the four different fixing methods: $175^{\circ}C$ steaming, $102^{\circ}C$ steaming${\rightarrow}175^{\circ}C$ steaming, $190^{\circ}C$ thermosol, $102^{\circ}C$ steaming${\rightarrow}190^{\circ}C$ thermosol. $190^{\circ}C$ thermosol is unfit to fix R.R.3 and R.Y.2 whose heat stability is poor. It was found that D.V.26 and D.B.14 containing dimethylamino substituent are unstable for heat and alkali, but D.B.73 is stable for them to print P/C blend fabrics with R.O.13 which is also stable for heat. Therefore we found that D.B.73, R.O.13 and a pair of D.B.73 and R.O.13 were very suitable for one-step printing of P/C blend fabrics.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.801-811
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• 2022

In this study, we constructed a database of dyeing concentrations of all reactive dyes used for dyeing linen according to the thickness of the linen fabric and attempted to improve the reproducibility of the dyeing process for the commercialization of linen fabric materials. Linen fabric is a natural cellulose material that is comfortable and suitable for eco-friendly trends. It is a typical summer material with excellent breathability and thermal conductivity, quick moisture absorption and dissipation, and a cool touch. Dyeability and fastness were evaluated depending on the thickness of the linen fabric using a monochlorotriazine (MCT) reactive dye and bifunctional yellow, red, and blue dyes. All three colors of the MCT reactive dye and bifunctional dyes exhibited a darker shade as the fiber thickness of the marker increased. Fastness to washing was excellent at grades 4-5 or higher, regardless of the color of the dye and the number of linen fabrics. Although some color-fastness differences were noted, with the color change occurring most frequently with blue color, the fastness variations with dye type were mostly similar. The results of this study are expected to facilitate the selection of reactive dyes according to the thickness of the linen fabric based on the basic data from the laboratory, which will aid in the mass production of linen fabric and benefit the fashion industry.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.26-33
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• 2002

Dyeing properties and crosslinking effect of bifunctional reactive dyes on chitosan fiber were investigated to improve the stability of chitosan fiber against the mild acidic solution and the wet processing. Chitosan fibers were crosslinked with epichlorohydrin for comparing purpose, and dyed with C. I. Reactive Red 194, C. I. Reactive Blue 50, and the reactive dye having two $\alpha$-bromoacrylamide groups at various concentrations. The initial dyeing rates of reactive dyes are rapid and chitosan fibers absorb the relatively large amount of dyes. The chitosan fibers dyed with these dyes show the low degree of swelling and the low solubility in 1 % acetic acid solution and also represent the higher thermal stability The reactive dye with two $\alpha$-bromoacrylamide groups shows higher crosslinking effect than other dyes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.213-216
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• 2008

2차원 전극의 RhB 분해 성능은 Pt(+)-Pt(-) > Pt(+)-Sus(-) > Sus(+)-Sus(-) 전극의 순으로 나타났다. 3차원 전극은 Pt-ACF-Pt 전극만 2차원 전극보다 초기 반응속도가 낮고 최종 RhB농도가 높은 것으로 나타났으나 다른 전극은 충전물 종류에 관계 없이 2차원 전극보다 초기 반응속도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 음극의 종류에 관계없이 3차원 전극의 충전물에 따른 RhB 분해는 GAC > Nonwoven fabric fiber > ACF로 나타났다. GAC 충전량이 50 g 이상에서 RhB 분해속도는 거의 유사한 것으로 나타났으나 전력을 고려한 단위 W당 시간당 RhB 농도 감소를 나타내었다. 그림에서 보듯이 최적 GAC 충전량은 50 g로 사료되었다. 최적 전류는 2.5 A로 사료되었다.