• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.06a
• /
• pp.434-435
• /
• 2009

최근 바이오매스를 친환경 소재로 활용하기 위한 연구개발 및 응용연구가 세계적으로 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 바이오매스를 기반으로 한 대표적인 친환경 소재는 바이오복합재료로서 현재 자동차의 내 외장재료로 사용되고 있으며 응용분야가 전자재료, 포장재료 등으로 다양하게 확대되고 있다. 바이오매스는 이산화탄소 흡수원일 뿐만 아니라 바이오매스를 이용한 바이오복합재료는 경량재료로서 자동차에 사용될 때 연비향상에 의해 이산화탄소 저감에 크게 기여할 수 있다. 최근에는 바이오매스를 기반으로 하여 고강도 특성 등 기존재료에 비해 우수한 특성을 가지는 나노소재를 제조하고 이를 다양한 에너지소재로 활용하기 위한 연구도 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 바이오매스를 기반으로 한 친환경 소재로서 바이오매스를 기반으로 한 바이오복합재료 및 친환경 나노소재의 연구동향 및 응용분야에 대해 소개하고자 한다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2011.11a
• /
• pp.107.1-107.1
• /
• 2011

최근 석유, 가스, 석탄을 비롯한 화석연료의 다량 사용으로 기후변화, 대기오염 등의 환경문제 및 자원 고갈의 우려 때문에 바이오매스는 중요한 화석연료 대체 에너지 자원으로써 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 바이오매스 자원을 에너지로 전환하는 방법 중 하나인 급속 열분해 공정은 산소가 없는 상태에서 바이오매스를 열적으로 분해하여 액상 상태의 생성물을 회수하는 공정으로, 증기상의 열분해 가스를 응축하여 회수하게 된다. 바이오매스의 급속 열분해에 관한 연구는 주로 바이오매스의 종류와 열분해 조건에 따라 회수되는 바이오 원유의 수율 및 물리 화학적 특성에 관한 연구가 수행되고 있으나, 열분해 가스의 응축에 관한 연구는 응축에 수반되는 복잡한 물리적 현상 때문에 미진하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 바이오매스의 급속 열분해를 통해 생성되는 증기상의 열분해 가스의 응축 현상을 모사 할 수 있는 모델링 기법에 대해 연구하였다. 급속 열분해 공정을 통해 생성되는 바이오 원유는 수백개의 화합물로 구성되어 있으며, 동일한 바이오매스를 사용한 경우라도 공정조건에 따라 바이오 원유에 포함된 화합물은 달라진다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 바이오 원유의 주요 화합물인 water, propanal, butanal, pentanal, phenol, guaiacol, coniferyl alcohol, formic acid, acetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoid acid를 대상으로 열분해 가스의 응축을 모사하였다. 본 연구에서는 응축 모델링 기법의 검증을 위해 실험결과와 비교하여 정확성을 검증하였으며, 본 연구의 결과를 활용하여 응축 조건 변화에 따른 급속 열분해 가스의 응축률을 예측하고, 이를 이용한 응축 열교환기 설계에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 농업기술회보
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.25-26
• /
• 2013

최근 대체에너지 자원으로 주목받고 있는 농업부문의 바이오매스 잠재발생량이 연간 1,100만톤 이상이며, 이를 잠재 에너지 부존량으로 환산하면 약 460만 TOE에 해당된다. 그러나 농업부산물을 활용한 바이오매스 활용이 농업분야 온실가스 감축 및 에너지 절약에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있음에도 불구하고, 그에 대한 연구가 부족했다. 농업활동 과정에서 발생되는 바이오매스 자원 잠재량을 알아보고 이들 바이오매스를 활용한 토양탄소 격리기술에 대하여 소개한다.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2017

Recently usage of biomass is increased in pulverized coal power plants for reduction of $CO_2$ emission. Many problems arise when thermal share of the biomass is increased, and milling of the biomasses is one of the most important problems due to their low grindability when existing coal pulverizer is used. Grindability of coal can be measured through the HGI (Hardgrove grindability index) equipment as a standard, but method of measuring biomass grindability has not been established yet. In this study, grinding experiment of coal and biomass was performed using a lab-scale ball mill. One type of coal (Adaro coal) and six biomasses (wood pellet (WP), empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm kernel shell (PKS), walnut shell (WS), torrefied wood chip (TBC) and torrefied wood pellet (TWP)) were used in the experiment. Particle size distributions of the fuels were measured after being milled in various pulverization times. Pulverization characteristics were evaluated by portion of particles under the diameter of $75{\mu}m$. As a result, about 70% of the TBC and TWP were observed to be pulverized to sizes of under $75{\mu}m$, which implies that they can be used as alternative biomass fuels without modification of the existing mill. Other biomass was observed to have low grindability compared with torrefied biomass. Power consumption of the mill for various fuels was measured as well, and the results show that lower power was consumed for torrefied biomasses. This result can be used for characterization of biomass as an alternative fuel for pulverized coal power plants.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.98 no.4
• /
• pp.409-416
• /
• 2009

Forest biomass estimation is essential for greenhouse gas inventories and terrestrial carbon accounting. Remote sensing allows for estimating forest biomass over a large area. This study was conducted to estimate forest biomass and to produce a forest biomass map for Muju county using forest biomass conversion table developed by field plot data from the 5th National Forest Inventory and Landsat TM-5. Correlation analysis was carried out to select suitable independent variables for developing regression models. It was resulted that the height class, crown closure density, and age class were highly correlated with forest biomass. Six regression models were used with the combination of these three stand variables and verified by validation statistics such as root mean square error (RMSE) and mean bias. It was found that a regression model with crown closure density and height class (Model V) was better than others for estimating forest biomass. A biomass conversion table by model V was produced and then used for estimating forest biomass in the study site. The total forest biomass of the Muju county was estimated about 8.8 million ton, or 128.3 ton/ha by the conversion table.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.56-62
• /
• 2013

The biomass resources is one of promising ways to solve energy exhaustion issues and global warming issues at the same time. To evaluate domestic biomass resources potential such as agricultural wastes, forestry wastes, livestock wastes and municipal solid wastes, statistics data from various organizations were collected and analyzed in this study. Also, space energy densities of each districts in Korea were calculated and analyzed. The results from the evaluation of biomass energy potential and space energy densities in Korea might be useful to estimate the availability of biomass energy conversion processes and to choice a appropriate process to convert domestic biomass into energy.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study was to develop allometric equations and stem density and biomass expansion factor for Pinus rigida stands in Muju region. The coefficient of determination of the allometric equations in independent variable (dbh) and dependent variable (biomass) was more than 95% with the exception of leaf (78%) and branch(83%). The total biomass was $102Mg\;ha^{-1}$ ($65.9 Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from stem wood, $9.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from stem bark, $19.6Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from branch and $7.0Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from leaf). Biomass distribution ratio of Pinus rigida stands showed the highest in stem wood with 64.6%, followed by the branch with 19.2%, stem bark with 9.3% and the leaf with 6.9%. The results indicated that the stem density $(g/cm^{3})$ and the biomass expansion factor were 0.453 and 1.344, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.96 no.4
• /
• pp.477-482
• /
• 2007

Forest biomass became a topic because we have growing interest in global environmental issues and environment-friendly energy resources. This study was carried out to estimate the forest biomass and develop a program for biomass information management in Korea. The total forest biomass (million ton) were 521 for gross forest, 403 for productive forest and 201 for commercial forest in 2005. Also, the annual biomass production in forest was 20 million ton which was equivalent to 94,290 Gkcal of heating value and about 9 billion won of paraffin oil. The biomass growing rate (every 10year) increased from 4.95% in 1985 to 5.30% in 1995 but turn down 4.46% in 2005. The factors that the forest stock could be converted to the forest biomass have developed according to forest type. Therefore, it is impossible to estimate the exact biomass by tree species. In this reason, the demands of the development of the factors by tree species was raised. In addition, it is on time to develop an equation for estimation of biomass by species using dbh and height as independent factors.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.522-528
• /
• 2016

In this study, we investigated the possibility of using hydrolysates of lignocellulosics (rapeseed straw, barley straw, rice straw) and marine macro-algae (Undaria pinnatifida, Laminaria japonica, Enteromorpha intestinalis, and Gracilaria verrucosa) to cultivate Chlorella saccharophila. The growth of C. saccharophila was inhibited by 7 hydrolysates without active carbon treatment. In contrast, hydrolysates treated with active carbon increased the cell growth and product (oil and chlorophyll) formation by C. saccharophila. The oil contents of C. saccharophila treated with each hydrolysate were $41.26{\pm}0.69%$ (glucose), $22.06{\pm}1.21%$ (rapeseed straw), $28.65{\pm}1.08%$ (barley straw), $31.15{\pm}0.76%$ (rice straw), $31.50{\pm}2.12%$ (U. pinnatifida), $31.49{\pm}4.53%$ (L. japonica), $29.63{\pm}3.93%$ (E. intestinalis), and $26.15{\pm}1.99%$ (G. verrucosa), respectively. Lignocellulosics and marine macro-algae may be useful resources for improving the mass cultivation of C. saccharophila.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.166-173
• /
• 2008

Recently, problem of earth environment being attended with international issue, people are concerned about the environmentally-friendly and renewable biomass energy. Especially, the forest biomass is more important because Korea have to control carbon footprint for Kyoto Protocol and Convention on Climate Change. In case of Korea, forest area covers the land about 2/3 of all country. It is needed that more economical and efficient method to estimate the biomass by remote sensing data which include wide coverage and is progressed by one-step. In this study, we estimate forest biomass with LiDAR data and aerial photograph. Three biomass equation is used and estimate mean biomass of single tree and entire biomass in plots. The results are compared with field data. $R^2$ of the mean biomass of single tree is greater than 0.8 and that of entire biomass in plots is greater than 0.65. In conclusion, the method using remote sensing data is verified more economical and efficient than previous field data method.