• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.373-377
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• 2009

Poliovirus, coxsackievirus, and ecovirus isolates from environmental sources were compared with laboratory strains to determine their removal rate in the water treatment process. The recovery efficiencies of poliovirus, coxsackievirus and echovirus using positive strains ranged from $72{\sim}108%$. Regarding virus removal efficiency in water treatment of pilot-plants, about 99% of all of the viruses were removed in the sedimentation step and 100% of viruses were clearly removed through post-ozonation and BAC filteration. Using six cell lines tested viral sensitivity in cell line and showed different sensitivity as viruses. Polioviruses showed higher sensitivity in the BGMK cell line than other cells, and coxsackieviruses were detected in higher level in the BGMK and Vero cell lines. On the other hand, the RD cell line was useful in the isolation of ecoviruses.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.50-50
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• 2020

본 연구는 천궁에 감염된 오이모자이크바이러스(CMV)와 천궁엽맥황화바이러스(CnVYV)의 제거를 위해 항바이러스제인 리바비린 처리 효과를 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 천궁 기내식물체의 생장점을 절취 후 항바이러스제 농도를 달리한 배지에서 생육을 유도한 후 RT-PCR 방법을 통해 바이러스 검출율을 조사하였다. 리바비린을 40 mg l^-1 농도로 처리하였을 때 바이러스 검출 종 수는 1.1종으로 감소하였다. 또한 동일조건에서 CMV와 CnVYV-2의 검출율은 무처리구 대비 각각 1/5과 1/2 수준으로 감소하였다. 하지만 리바비린 처리에 따른 CnVYV-1의 검출율은 감소하지 않았다. 리바바린 처리 농도에 따른 생존율은 처리구별로 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 40 mg l^-1 리바비린 처리구에서 신초 발생 수와 신초 길이는 무처리구 대비 절반 수준으로 감소하였다. 리바비린 처리를 통해 CMV와 CnVYV-2가 미검출된 23개체를 선발하였으며, 추가적인 바이러스 검정 단계를 거쳐 무병묘 생산에 활용될 것이다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.379-387
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• 2017

Various sizes (0.2 ~ 1.2 mm) and developmental stages (referred to as Stage 1 ~ 3) of apical and lateral meristems were excised, together or separately, directly from dormant buds of apple 'Hongro'. They were mixed infected by Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd), Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) and Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), which are major viruses attacking apples. A total of 31 callus lines (> 10 mm in diameter) were obtained by culturing the explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3% sucrose, 3.0 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and they were subjected to RT-PCR analysis for virus detection. A high rate of virus elimination (expressed as the percentage of calli that did not amplify during RT-PCR, i.e., RT-PCR negative calli per total number of calli obtained) was achieved for ACLSV (100%), ASSVd (93.7%), and ASPV (93.7%), whereas it was only 25.8% for ASGV. ASPV was detected in the presence of 2 ~ 3 bracts. Simultaneous virus elimination of ASSVd, ASPV, ACLSV, and ASGV occurred during the meristem culture, in which the early stages of the dormant buds (Stage 1) were used, because ASGV was mostly eliminated during that stage. The results of the present study will be valuable for the production of virus-free apple trees.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.5 s.72
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• pp.696-702
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• 2005

Ozonation is a disinfection technique of harmful mi-crobes commonly used in the treatment of drinking water. And Biological Activated Carbon (BAC) treatment also provides numerous benefits for drinking water utilities, including removal of micro- pollutants, improved treatment processes. The multiful-stage ozonation and BAC play roles as effective methods for removing several materials in raw water. Water quality variation in Nak dong river and the removal efficiency of viruses by ozonation-BAC process were investigated on pilot scale. During the period of survey, most of water quality parameters including $NH_{4}^{+}-N$ were highly improved after passing through the BAC. The removal efficiency of poliovirus type III in water treatment process using pilot-plant,$ 99.6\% $ of viruses were removed by pre-ozonation, sedimentation and sand filteration process, $ 100\% $ were removed after in BAC filteration step. In the removal survey of viruses by ozonation, ap-proximately $ 61.1\% $ or polioviruses were inactivated by ozone of 0.4 mg/l within 5 min. and $ 100\% $ were inactivated by ozone of 0.8 mg/l over 10 min.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.222-229
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• 2022

Apples are the most grown fruit crops in the fruit industry of Korea. However, virus or viroid infection such as apple mosaic virus (ApMV), apple stem grooving capillovirus (ASGV), apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) causes fruit yield reduction and poor fruit quality. Therefore, in this study, we examined to established an efficient virus-free system to eliminate the most infected ASGV virus in domestic apple orchard. We investigated that the shoot growth rate and the virus removal rate in ASGV infected potted apples that were treated with heat treatment in a growth chamber (constant temperature/humidity device) maintained at 36℃, 38℃ and 40℃ for 4 weeks. Here we found that the shoot growth rate was the highest in the heat treatment group (36℃) and the virus was removed in the middle and top of the shoot but not in the bottom. The virus was did not removed in the 38℃ and 40℃ heat treatment group in all section of shoots, and the heat treatment group (40℃) died after 4 weeks of heat treatment without growth of shoots. We performed in vivo shoot-tip grafting using the shoot-tip of potted apple heat-treated at 36 ℃, and we also investigated the viability and virus removal rate, which showed 94% viability and 20% virus removal rate. Collectively, our results suggest that it would be possible to produce the virus-free apple plants through heat treatment and shoot-tip grafting.

• Life and Agrochemicals
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• s.259
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• pp.26-29
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• 2010

작물에 발생하는 각각 바이러스의 증상과 예방대책을 숙지하고, 건전 종자와 건전 묘 사용, 청결 재배, 감염 식물체 조기제거, 신속한 진단요청과 대응 등을 성실히 이행하면 바이러스병 피해를 예방할 수 있다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.588-593
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• 2011

The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV) production yield in spinner flask cultures using Vero cells immobilized on microcarriers was improved by the selective adsorption of ammonium ions in a Carberry type bioreactor which was equipped with Phillipsite-Gismondine synthetic zeolite. Though the apparent cell growth seemed to be lower than that of control due to the aggregation of microcarriers between impeller shaft and the adsorbent, zeolite was found to not to be toxic to Vero cell, considering estimated glucose and lactate changes. Zeolite was observed to remove ammonium ions effectively in both steps of cell growth and virus production. In virus production, the virus titer with zeolite was two times higher than that without zeolite. Consequently, zeolite was found to be an ideal adsorbent for higher production of virus vaccine with the effective removal of ammonium ions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.426-431
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to investigate the virus removal from artificial groundwater using Mg-Fe layered double hydroxide (LDH). Batch experiments were conducted under various experimental conditions to examine bacteriophage T7 removal with Mg-Fe LDH. Results showed that the removal of T7 by Mg-Fe LDH was a fast process, reaching equilibrium within 2~3 hrs. Mg-Fe LDH had the virus removal capacity of $1.57{\times}10^8pfu/g$ with a removal percent of 96%. Results also showed that the effect of solution pH on T7 removal was minimal between pH 6.2 and 9.1. The influence of anions ($SO_4^{2-}$, $CO_3^{2-}$, $HPO_4^{2-}$) on T7 removal was significant due to their competition with bacteriophage at the sorption sites on LDH, while the effect of $NO_3^-$ was negligible. This study demonstrated that Mg-Fe LDH could be applied as adsorbents for virus removal in water treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.451-454
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• 2006

부산시 상수원수를 대상으로 2001년 8월에서 2005년 12월까지 바이러스 검사를 실시하였다. 총 35개의 상수원수 시료 중 22개 시료에서 cytopathic effect가 확인되어 62.8%의 양성률을 보였다. 검출된 바이러스는 $1.92{\sim}11.90$ MPN/100L의 범위로 여름철과 초겨울에 분포하는 특성을 보였다. 원수에서 검출된 바이러스는 정수과정 중 제거 가능하지만 정기적으로 모니터링을 해야 한다고 생각된다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2006

The baculovirus-insect Drosophila melanogaster S2 cell system combines advantages of conventional baculovirus system and non-lytic S2 cell system because baculoviruses can infect non-permissive cells such as mammalian and Drosophila S2 cells but cannot replicate themselves inside the cells. In the present work, we investigated effects of infection conditions on production of green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a target protein using this baculovirus-S2 cell system. Even though higher MOI and longer baculovirus contact time showed better GFP expression yield during the shorter period, overall protein yield could be lower during the longer period due to the relatively higher cell detachment and lysis (lower cell viability). In addition, maintaining high MOI will be not practical for large-scale cell culture. Therefore, instead of maintaining high MOI, we found that high initial cell number and concentrated (10X) baculovirus volume can confer comparable protein expression even under the moderate MOI condition. Also, we found that the post-infection time that is connected to state of cells after infection was an important factor for production yield.