• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.382-394
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a nutrition education program as part of health promoting projects in an elementary school. A total of 168 students in the 4th grade were enrolled in the program for 6 months. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to assess nutrition knowledge and dietary habit. Nutrient intakes and body shape perceptions were measured using 24-hour recall method and self-ratings of body shape figures, respectively. The education program was conducted in various ways, focused on healthy dietary behavior, nutrients' roles and sources, and proper body shape perceptions, etc. After the education program, nutrition knowledge and dietary habit were significantly improved. Dietary habit scores were significantly and positively related to nutrition knowledge levels. Body shape perceptions were significantly and properly changed after the program. Dissatisfaction with perceived current body shape and discrepancy between shapes desired and considered healthy were significantly decreased. But girls still indicated a desire to be leaner than shapes which were perceived current and considered healthy. Nutrient intakes were partly improved by the program, but some nutrients, such as calcium, folate, zinc, sodium and niacin, were still remained deficient or excessive. These findings indicate that enhancement of nutrition knowledge is extended to the improvement of dietary habit. In addition, establishment of proper body shape perception is closely related to healthy dietary habits and is required to good nutrition and health.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 1988

The study was undertaken to determine the most adequate tidal volume when used volume preset ventilator during anesthesia. The thirty patients were received controlled mechanical ventilation with constant inspiratory pressure of 10cmH2O and respiratory frequency of 12/minute. The results were as follows : 1) The PH was $7.39{\pm}0.01$ and it is within normal limit. 2) The $PaCO_2$ was $34.0{\pm}0.6$ mmHg and it is a slightly hyperventilatory state. 3) The $PaO_2$ was $228.0{\pm}8.2$ mmHg. 4) The Buffer base was $20.7{\pm}0.3mEql$ and it is a slightly buffer base deficient state. From the above results. We concluded that if patients were fully relaxed during general anesthesia, it is desirable to maintain the inspiratory pressure of anesthetic mechanical ventilator to $10cmH_2O$ for adeguate alveolar ventilation.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.595-626
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to estimate technical efficiency, scale efficiency, and environmental efficiency by income level of Korean farms, and analyze the factors to decide three efficiencies. Depending on the non-parametric methods, we estimate technical using inputs and outputs of total farms without assuming of goods or behavior of optimization. The average technical efficiency of total firms under constant return to scale and strong disposability is 0.437. The technical inefficiency was caused by 47.7% in pure technical inefficiency, 11.3% in scale failure, and 3.2% in environmental inefficiency. The number of firms under increasing return to scale occupied almost 70% and 27% of total firms respectively. Higher are income class, middle debt & long debt per asset, and N effluents per cultural land, higher technical efficiency. The increases of BOD discharges per cultural land and machines per cultural land deteriorate environmental efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.255-267
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• 2004

Analysis of fracture system in a stone quarry mine is a critical importance in assessing the recoverable amounts of building stones as well as in establishing the systematic and efficient development plan. Rock formation comprising vein structure, degree of weathering, and compositon of minerals, is a critical factor of estimating the stone quality. The aim of this study is to provide desirable informations about both fracture pattern and rock formation by using Televiewer and Color-corescanner. Televiewer measurement were conducted at 7 boreholes in the gneiss quarry mine, Hadong, Kyeongsangnamdo province and the corresponding cores were scanned using Color-corescanner at the same place. In Televiewer images, all kinds of fractures were clearly observed and a better discrimination of stone quality can be identified. Meanwhile, the core images with high resolution (max. 20 pixels/mm) provided detailed informations on rock formation such as features of particles and fissures that can be nearly undetected by Televiewer.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.349-368
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to empirically structure the patterns of baby boomer retirees'consumption and their effects on depression in later life. Using the 5th wave of Korea Retirement and Income Study(KReIS) in 2013, of baby boomers born in 1955 to 1963, we analyzed those who were completely retired(n=420). The Latent Profile Analysis(LPA) classified the empirical patterns of consumption and then a multiple regression analyzed the effect of consumption patterns on depression among these baby boomer retirees. The LPA results showed that the consumption patterns consist of five groups: (1) Basic life-oriented class(26.9%), (2) Balanced consumption class(29.3%), (3) Social life-oriented class(18.3%), (4) Leisure-oriented class(18.5%), and (5) Education-oriented class(7.0%). Baby boomer retirees' depression was associated with their consumption patterns. Specifically, the basic life-oriented class showed significantly lower depression than the education-oriented class. Other correlates such as higher education, having no spouse, lower subjective health, greater limitations in physical functions, having a diagnosed disability, having fewer children, higher dissatisfaction with leisure activities, and lower self-perceived economic status were associated with higher levels of depression in this study. These findings suggest meaningful implications for gerontological policy and practice for baby boomer retirees in Korea. In light of vulnerable retirement preparation, social services specialized for baby boomers should consider financial education for revamping consumption scale beyond asset management and long-term case management of pre and post retirement cases.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1357-1361
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• 2006

하천구역 내의 수리구조물의 설계 및 유지관리, 하천개수 및 하도의 안정, 홍수터 관리, 저수지의 설계 및 운영 등 수자원의 계획이나 관리 등을 위해서는 무엇보다도 하상변동조사가 필요하다. 최근 들어 하상의 세굴 및 퇴적 등 하천유사 문제가 날로 중요해짐에 따라 '하상변동조사용역', '유역조사용역', '유역종합치수계획수립용역', '하천정비기본계획수립용역' 등에서 하상변동조사와 하도의 안정성에 대한 검토 및 분석이 이루어지고 있지만, 자료가 불충분하여 유사한 유역의 유사량 자료를 이용하는 비유사량법으로 장래 하상변동을 예측하는 수준이다. 또한 하상변동조사의 시기 및 주기가 불분명하며 내용 및 조사가 서로 중복되는 등 아직 체계화가 이루어지지 않은 과도기 상태라고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서 제안하는 새로운 하상변동조사는 정기적인 하상변동조사를 위한 제도적 장치의 보완과 현재 수행하고 있는 하상변동조사 업무에 하천 유사량 조사, 하상변동조사, 하상재료조사, 하천형태조사, 하천환경조사 등 총체적인 하천조사를 실시하여, 향후 각종 유역관리계획과 하도계획 수립시 활용성을 증대시키고 이수, 치수 및 하천환경조사와 관련한 각종 분석의 기초 자료로 활용하기 위함이다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 1991

Among the conditions changes for the slip melting point of tempering temperature and time were studied. The results were treated below at $4^{\circ}C$, slip M.P. were not effected by tempering time. But slip M.P. of lard and palm oil had fallen treated at $10^{\circ}C$, the reason was that low melting triglycerides did not form the perfect crystals. Therefore, in order to measure the slip M.P. should be decrease the free energy and from stable crystallization of fats. Recommendable tempering temperature was treated at $4^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.125-141
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• 2010

This research is to review various theories on leadership and to apply the transformational leadership that is suitable for military organization to captains of small naval vessels. The research comprehends types and adaptability of the leadership of captains, analyzes problems of them, and suggests the more desirable ways to develop leadership. In order to achieve these objects of the research, positive analyses were conducted through research on various documentations and survey. The first procedure was to survey the status of leadership on mine sweeper prior to the education on transformational leadership. The second procedure is to survey the result of the education on transformational leadership. Also, in order to understand the difference among the controlling groups, random vessels were selected for surveying the effectiveness of the application of transformational leadership on the same period of time.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2008

Fluoroquinolones have been widely used since the development of nalidixic acid because of the excellent spectrum of activity, superior tissue penetration, and convenient route of administration. Despite such advantages, the usage in children is limited by concerns of toxicity to cartilage, damage to joints in animal studies, and an increase in antibiotic resistance. However, pediatric use has been increasing under certain circumstances with no report of such adverse effects. Further study is required prior to recommendation for general use of fluoroquinolones in children. The careful administration of fluoroquinolones is recommended only in limited circumstances, such as failure of primary antibiotics and lack of alternative antibiotics.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.16-19
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• 2016

Oral self-injurious behavior (SIB) can be defined as the intentional, direct injuring of oral tissue, most often done without conscious suicidal intent and most commonly associated with tongue or lip biting. Chronic biting of oral mucosa is an innocuous self inflicted injury, commonly seen in children suffering from developmental and psychological problems. The cases presented in this report discuss oral SIB due to epilepsy, quadriplegia and their treatments. This report documents a successful self-injurious behavior treatment of epilepsy patients within a short time by applying a removable intraoral device. Clinicians should notice the possibility of oral SIB in various disorders. Moreover, different treatment should be performed according to the causative disorders and symptoms.