• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.141-174
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• 2011

This paper presents the results of a meta-regression analysis on econometric evidence concerning the relationship between public funding of R&D and private R&D expenditure by reviewing literature and synthesizing existing results. The analysis on the effects of public financing on private investments in R&D has been the object of numerous studies, none of which having arrived at definite conclusion. A meta-analysis based upon a data-base including all relevant studies was carried out to examine whether the characteristics of the applied analysis influence the results. Three different empirical results are presented.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.649-674
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of public R&D subsidies on private R&D. We have analyzed rationales for the public R&D subsidy from different perspectives. On the basis of literature review, a two step research model is constructed: participation phase (when firms benefit from public subsidies) and decision phase (when firms make decision on additional R&D investments). Using propensity score matching(PSM) method, we compare the potential outcome of the treated group to a matched controlled group of non-subsidized firms. The data used in this paper was collected from various sources. The Korean Innovation Survey 2008(manufacturing sector) is a main source of data. Financial data such as revenue, asset and capital stock, and number of employees were supplemented from the Nice Information Service KIS Value database. The R&D survey, conducted by MEST(Ministry of Education, Science and Technology) each year, was also used for the R&D expenditures of the manufacturing firms. This study comes up with the following empirical results. First, a firm's innovation capability, financial constraints, and sector appear to influence the selection of firms who were benefited from government's financial supports for R&D. Second, empirical results show that public R&D funding complements private investment on average and appear to have perpetual effects on the following year. Finally, sectoral difference in the effect of public subsidies on firms' R&D investment was confirmed. In addition, SMEs show more positive effects than large firms.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.75-98
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to give policy implications for relevant policy-makers by analyzing factors affecting performance of industrial R&D programs of the Ministry of Knowledge Economy. The independent variables are type of project leader organization(Big Enterprises, SMEs, Ventures Businesses, Public Research Institutions, Universities), cooperative or noncooperative R&D among industry-university-research institution, total number of project participant organization, total R&D investment, and the ratio of private investment to total R&D investment. The dependent variables are domestic or foreign patents granted and domestic or foreign papers accepted. The method of analysis is Poisson Regression analysis operated by STATA. The results of this research are follows ; Universities show higher R&D performance compared to enterprises or public research institutions in terms of patents and papers as well. Venture businesses show higher patent performance compared to SMEs. Inverted U-shaped relationship between total number of project participant organization and R&D performance is not supported. The higher total R&D investment, the higher R&D performance. The higher the ratio of private investment to total R&D investment, the higher R&D performance.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.57-89
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• 2016

This paper used individual establishment level data to estimate the effects of government support for the research and development of 'small and medium enterprises'(SMEs). We analyzed, on the establishment level, the degree of technical advancement, strength of private R&D incentives, and the effect on employment levels of firms which participated in the 2010 government R&D support project. The results of this study are as follows. First, the size and frequency of government investment in the R&D of SMEs were both positively correlated with the amount of patent registrations. Furthermore, we found that the amount of patent registrations were positively correlated with the size of the establishments, but the average level of technological advancement for the firms running the research was lower than the average level of technological advancement for the firms merely participating in the project. Second, the government's R&D policy was found to be complementary to private R&D incentives, and a 1% increase in government R&D investment resulted in an inelastic increase (0.193~0.245%) of the firms' post-program R&D spending. Third, we found that R&D support from the government contributed to an increase of employment by the participating firms. Additionally, we found that the impact of R&D support on job creation varied for the firm size and technological characteristics. Therefore, it is important for governments to take into consideration each type of small business, when setting R&D policies.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 1997.12a
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• pp.45-69
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• 1997

최근들어 환경변화가 가속화되고 기업의 환경적응성이 중요해짐에 따라 R&D 활동의 평가과정이 학습의 핵심적인 단계로서 새롭게 부각되고 있다. 또한 R&D 활동에서 결과 중심적 접근, 사업부와의 연계 등이 강조되면서 구체적 R&D 성과평가가 연구관리(R&D management)의 중요한 이슈가 되고있다. 그러나 그동안 R&D 성과평가는 R&D 활동 자체가 불확실성을 가지는 특성으로 인하여 체계적 접근이 이루어지지 못하여 왔으며 최근에 들어 R&D 성과평가 부문이 연구관리 및 기술경영분야의 도전적 연구과제가 되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 R&D 성과평가를 어떻게 접근할 것인지에 대한 접근방법과 성과 지표의 내용, 성과지표의 선택 및 개발절차, 향후 연구과제를 중심으로 제시한다. 본 연구의 세부내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 민간기업 연구개발활동의 성과평가에 적용가능한 평가의 분석틀(framework) 및 관점(perspective)을 제시하였다. 기존 평가모형에 대한 문헌고찰을 바탕으로 종합적, 체계적인 평가분석틀을 도출하고, 측정가능한 성과지표군을 제시하였다. 또한 성과지표들을 다양한 기준에 따라 분류하고 각 분류에 따라 적용가능한 성과지표군을 제시하였다. 둘째, 각 기업별 특성을 고려하고 경영전략과의 연계를 명확히 할 수 있는 구체적인 성과지표를 개발하기 위하여 4단계의 R&D 성과 평가지표 개발절차를 도출하였다. 셋째, 향후연구를 위한 성과평가 연구분야의 주요 연구과제들을 5가지로 정리하여 제시하였다.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.410-421
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• 2020

Regarding a long-term strategic plan in the food and agriculture sector, R&D policies and investment trends in major overseas countries are reviewel. The importance of efficient resource management is emphasized along with continuous government support for R&D in the agri-food industry. In response to facing social issues such as climate change, food security, food safety, health, and environment, research and innovation agenda is mainly focused on harmony between economy and environment, human nutrition and health as well as animal and plant health, and an integrated ecosystem approach. Particularly in the food sector, public investment is generally made in food safety, nutrition and health, and private investment for food processing and manufacturing. Public-private collaboration is carried out in order to enhance the efficiency of R&D innovation and development strategies in the agri-food industry.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.277-298
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• 2012

Once a production focused on primary industry, Food, agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry is now trying to shed away and plans to totally transform the paradigm of agricultural R&D with a leaping goal towards being a new growth engine. Promoting the bioindustry through utilizing agricultural bioresources was selected as the primary task and also made all efforts to support by all government department and ministry. In this study, we are raised problems and planned the improvements by the empirical analysis of national R&D policy, investment strategy, the recent progress of R&D program, and the performance of R&D investment to achieve early commercialization in fields of agricultural bioresources utilizing. We also propose the R&D role sharing and cooperations of public/private sector to commercialize the agricultural bioresources from the comprehensive empirical analysis results. It will eventually strengthen the national R&D investment strategy and efficiency and then will contribute towards a successful early commercialization performance in bioindustry through utilizing agricultural bioresources.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2019

This study presents a new method to evaluate patents by public R&D program using patent citation network analysis. I used forward citation, degree centrality, betweenness centrality and page rank as the dependent variables which represents the quality of patents. I used primary independent variable as a dummy of public R&D program and controlled patents characteristics, applicant characteristics, technological characteristics and year effect. The empirical result shows that the patents of public R&D program is superior to other patents in regard to the number of forward citation, the degree centrality, the betweenness centrality and the page rank. This empirical result implies that patents of public R&D program directly and effectively connects technologies. Also patents from public R&D program connects important technologies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.409-419
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• 1999

전기기술은 기술의 특성상 민간에 대한 유인이 적은 공유성 기술이나 대학 또는 기업이 감당하기 어려운 대형복합기술의 비중이 높으며, 최근 들어 전력산업의 구조개편 등에 따라 국가적 기술개발수요가 확대됨과 동시에 전기기술의 이용분야 확대와 타 기술과의 융합화 및 대형화로 신기술수요가 늘어나고 있다. 현재 우리 나라의 전기기술 R&D체제에서는 공공기술에 대한 사각지대가 발생하고 있음에도 불구하고 국가차원의 R&D 공급이 미약하여, 거대한 시험설비와 첨단고가장비를 필요로 하는 시스템기술로 일부 기기나 시스템운용을 제외하고는 개별기업이나 전력회사에 대한 기술개발 유인이 크지 않으며, 따라서 전기기술분야의 R&D 실태 파악과 역할에 대한 검토를 통해 R&D 주체별 기관특성에 맞는 국가 R&D체계의 정립이 필요한 실정이다. 따라서, 앞으로는 전기기술분야의 국가 R&D 목표 및 기본전략에 따라 국가 R&D 자원의 규모, R&D 주체간의 역할분담 등 전반적인 R&D 체계의 구축이 선행되어야 하며, 이를 통해 기관별 Mission 및 고유기능을 토대로 전문성 제고와 특성화를 유도할 수 있는 연구여건의 조성이 시급하다 하겠다. 특히, 장기대형연구, 원천기술연구, 기초기반연구, 연구기반구축, 인력양성 등 필수적 국가기능에 대해서는 기관별 특성에 따라 안정적인 역할수행이 가능하도록 역할분담 및 정책적 지원을 하되, 그 밖의 영역이나, 민간 및 전력회사의 독자적인 R&D에 대해서는 경쟁 및 협력을 통한 연구효율성 향상을 유도하는 방향으로 나가는 것이 바람직할 것이다. 국가적 전력기술 R&D의 효과적인 수행과 실효성 확보를 위해서는 재원확보가 선행되어야 하며, 이를 위한 방안으로는 기존의 전력사업자에게는 기술개발충당금 또는 전기요금 중 일정비율을 국가적 R&D 재원으로 설정할 수 있을 것이며. 신규 사업자에게도 규제비용의 차원에서 일정 부담금을 부과하는 방법이 가능할 것이다. 이러한 재원을 가지고 사업성격 및 R&D 유형에 따라 역할분담에 따른 지원, 정책적 사업, 경쟁적 사업공모 등을 통해 지원분야 및 규모, 대상기관 등에 대한 선별적인 지원이 이루어져야할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.1829-1837
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• 2010

During the last year, public expenditures which provided the central and local governments for boosting research and development (R&D) activities of the private sector has been constantly increasing. 17 percent of public total R&D expenditure supported to private sector and 9 percent of R&D expenditure in service sector were public R&D funding. However, studies evaluating the impact of public R&D subsidies are quite few. The aim of this study empirically investigate the average effects of public R&D subsidies on the innovation activities in private sector, specifically those engaged in Korean service firms by using Propensity Score Matching(PSM) method. The effect of R&D subsidies is derived from either qualitative and quantitative outcomes of innovation activities, which is defined as the difference between innovation outcome of the treatment group (receiving R&D subsidies) and that of the control group (non receiving R&D subsidies) after the matching method. As a result of empirical analysis, government R&D grants stimulate only firm-first innovation outcomes in service firms. It is represent that public R&D subsidies cannot be contributed to level of national innovation and the total amount of national innovation activities but can enhance firm competitiveness from increasing firm-first innovation activities.