• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.80-80
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• 2003

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.3-16
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• 2000

신선 채소류 편의식품에 관련된 병원성 세균으로는 Listeria monocy togenes, Yersinia enterocolytica,A eromonas hydrophila 등이 포함된다. 이들 제품은 미생물(병원성 및 비병원성)을 감소시키거나 사멸시키기 위해 별도의 살균 또는 항균제재를 사용하지 않기 때문에 초기 원료에 존재하거나 혹은 가공 및 유통 과정에서 오염된 미생물이 제품에 그대로 존재할 수 있다. 따라서 이들 제품에서는 병원성 세균이 발견될 수도 있으며, 특히 냉장유통 중 온도조절이 불완전할 경우 그 가능성이 더욱 높아지므로 신선 편의식 채소류 제품에 대해서는 보다 철저한 위생관리가 필요하다. 이러한 측면에서 위해 요소 중점관리기법(Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point, HACCP)을 적용하면 미생물학적 안전성을 확보할수 있다. HACCP이란 특정 제품의 수확에서 소비까지 전 공정에 대해 위해 요소를 검토하고, 이를 조절하기 위한 특별한 수단을 규정하는 관리기법이다. 본 연구에서는 HACCP의 7가지 기본 원칙을 정리하여 실제 대파(green onion)의 최소가공 과정에 적용함으로서 미생물학적 안전성을 확보하고자 시도한 사례를 중심으로 검토하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.164-168
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• 2005

복합생균제를 급여하지 않은 대조구, 복합생균제 KBC1144 0.1% 급여구(T1), YC2000 0.1% + KBC1144 0.1% 급여구(T2)로 실험한 결과 일반성분에서 수분과 조회분은 유의적인 차이가 없었고, 조단백질은 T2 처리구가 가장 높았고, 조지방은 T2 처리구가 가장 낮게 나타났으며, pH는 대조구가 처리구들에 비하여 낮게 나타났다. 보수력은 대조구가 가장 높고, T1 처리구가 가장 낮게 나타났다. 콜레스테롤 함량은 처리 간에 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았으나 두 가지 미생물제재를 활용한 T2 처리구가 가장 낮은 경향이었다. T2 처리구가 육색의 적색도는 높고, 지방색의 명도는 높고 황색도는 낮았다. 조직감은 T1 처리구가 높고, T2 처리구가 낮았으며 가열육의 관능검사에서 다즙성은 처리구들이 대조구보다 높았다. 필수지방산인 리놀산과 아라키돈산은 T1 처리구가 다른 두 구에 비하여 높게 나타났고, 불포화지방산, 필수지방산 및 필수지방산/불포화지방산 비율은 T1 처리구가 가장 높고 T2 처리구가 가장 낮게 나타났으며 아미노산 함량은 T2 처리구가 다른 두 구에 비하여 높았다. 종합적으로 두 복합미생물제재를 혼합 사용한 T2 처리구가 무항생제 돈육 생산을 가능하게 하였으며, 육질 특성면에서도 가장 좋은 결과였다.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.252-259
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to estimate the movement of microbial contaminant caused by bio-attack using bio-agent such as bacillus anthracis for preventing contaminant diffusion. multizone simulation was carried out in the case of three types of bio-attack scenario in the government building. Simulation results show that severe contaminant diffusion is brought about in all cases of bio-attack scenario in one hour, though pollution boundaries have different mode according to bio-attack scenarios. Simulation results also show that immune building technology such as filter and UVGI technology gives us powerful alternatives to meet the emergent situation caused by unexpected bio-attack.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.419-426
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• 2015

The aims of this study were to isolate spore-forming Bacillus strains that exhibit high digestibility and anti-pathogenic bacteria toward feed for calves. Total 136 spore-forming strains were isolated from finished feeds and their ingredients. Among them, 93 strains were identified as Bacillus species when analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. For industrial use, three strains named as Bacillus licheniformis SHS14, B. subtilis LCB7, B. amyloliquefaciens LCB10 were selected after evaluating the industrial standards that are related with heat and acid resistance, enzyme activities, and anti-pathogenic activities against Samonella dublin ATCC15480 and E. coli K99. After each culture, 3 selected strains were mixed together at 1:1:1 (v/v/v) ratio and then prepared as the mixed starter culture for feeding. The changes in microbial community were analyzed via 16S rRNA metagenomics. The initial community ratio among three strains was maintained even after manufacturing into final products. Also, in vitro, enzymatic and anti-pathogenic activities were almost same as those when cultured in single culture, and results of anti-pathogenic activities conducted with calves showed 90% activities against lincomycin, which would be indicative of a promising feed starter.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.160-167
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• 2000

This study was performed to evaluate efficiency of soil microbial inoculator for active composting of food waste. In addition the number of microorganisms in roil microbial inoculator and the effect of seeding in the process of composting were investigated. food waste samples collected from a refectory were analyzed for physical-chemical properties. The samples were adjusted to moisture content of 65% by saw dust and seeded with soil microbial inoculator of 10% by the weight in case of reactor B. The number of microorganisms, aerobic bacteria, actinomyces, yeast, and fungi in soil microbial inoculator were over $2.98{\times}10^9/g$, $3.93{\times}10^7/g$, $1.21{\times} 10^5/g$, and $5.79{\times}10^7/g$, respectively. During the process of composting, the highest temperatures were $63.4^{\circ}C$ at reactor A(unseeded control)after 10 days and $66.8^{\circ}C$ at reactor B(seeded compost) after 4 days. The pH values of reactor A and B rapidly increased after 3 days and after first few days during composting period, respectively. The highest $CO_2$ concentrations were 6.1%(after 10 days) and 10.8%(afer 4 days) in reactor A and B, respectively. The degradation rates of organic matter(rd) between reactor A and B increased by 17.1% and 64.5%, respectively Consequently, the effects of Inoculation on comporting parameter such as temperature increasing, pH change, chemical properties, and the degradation rates of organic matter(rd) were higher in seeded compost than in unseeded control.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.401-406
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the control effects of the environmental-friendly materials against major diseases of pear and to elucidate factors related to spore disperse of pear scab and pear rust. Spore disperse was deeply related ambient temperature in the early stage of disease occurrence and the maximum spore disperse was affected greatly by the air humidity, Percent of infected leaves of pear scab in plot treated with Trichoderma harzianum-YC459 was 29.3% and 43.3% in plot treated with Sulfur-80%. Two formulations above-mentioned were less effective to control pear scab than the chemical pesticide, hexaconazole. Control effect in plots single- and mixed-treated with Trichoderma harzianum-YC459, Sulfur-80% and hexaconazole against pear scab were compared with that in plot treated with chemicals by conventional application schedule in pear orchard. The incidence of pear scab was lower in plot treated with the environmental-friendly materials than that of untreated plot. However there was no significant difference among the treatments at the 5% level. Application of Sulfur-80% reduced significantly the incidence of pear scab (7.8%) compared to that (10.3%) in plot treated by conventional application schedule in organically cultivated pear orchard. Alternative application of Trichoderma harzianum-YC459 and Sulfur-80% (4.3%) suppressed the incidence of pear rust than that (7.1%) in plot treated by conventional application schedule in organically cultivated pear orchard.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.411-416
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• 2004

Botanical antimicrobial agent-grapefruit seed extract mixture(BAAG), which could be applied to the preparation of antimicrobial packaging paper, was investigated in order to prove the preservative function of fruits and vegetables. HAAG showed remarkable antimicrobial effects against Fusarium solani Botrytis cinerea, Pencillium crustosum, Erwinia carotovora, Phoma destructiva and Alternaria radicina causing the postharvest decay of fruits and vegetables. We have examined that HAAG could inhibit the growth of microorganims when treated with more than 500 $\mu$g/mL concentration. The activities of HAAG were stable in the wide spectrum of pH and temperature. Direct visualization of microbial cells by using scanning electron microscope showed the loss of microbial cell membrane function, which was destroyed by treating with the dilute solutions of HAAG. We could confirm that HAAG be an antimicrobial agent for the preparation of antimicrobial packaging paper.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2004

The antimicrobial effect of mixed solution of botanical antimicrobial agent-citrus product (BAAC) and such a natural additive as aloe, ginseng or Prunus mume extract on the spoilage microorganisms of soybean sprouts were investigated by paper disk method. The mixture (BAAG) of BAAC and ginseng extract showed the remarkable antimicrobial activity in the result of the experiment. Therefore, we used BAAG as pre-soaking and cultivating solution of soybean sprouts. Total bacterial and Escherichia coli cell count of soybean sprouts pre-soaked and cultivated in the BAAG-diluted solution (50 ppm) showed 2.5 ${\times}$ 10 CFU/mL and 1.3 ${\times}$ 10 cfu/mL in comparison with 3.5 ${\times}$ 10$^3$ cfu/mL and 5.8 ${\times}$ 10$^3$ cfu/mL of the control, respectively. BAAG-treated soybean sprouts also showed no slimy brown product and undesirable odor characterized in the control. It was confirmed that BAAG could be a proper pre-soaking and cultivating solution of soybean sprouts.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.15
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• pp.101-107
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• 1997

Bioenzyme was made up of two predominant strain, which were nomenclated PN-1 and PN-2, respectively. PN-1 possessed spore forming ability, motility, gram positive, catalase activity, but didn't have oxidase activity, urease activity, nitrate reduction and indole forming ability. Taxonomical characteristics of the PN-2 were similar to PN-1 strain, but colony color of PN-2 was yellow-white and nitrate reduction ability was positive. Predominant strains were ascertained by physiologically and morphologically. PN-1 and PN-2 were identified Bacillus lichenifonnis and Bacillus thuringinensis, respectively. Yield of lettuce significantly increased in first and second bioenzyme treatment. Fresh weight, length of shoot, width of leaves significantly increased in N,P,K and N,P,K followed by Bioenzyme application.