• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.471-484
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• 2019

Liquefaction occurs by a temporal loss of sediment strength as a consequence of increased pore water pressure during the re-arrangement of unconsolidated, granular sediments. Liquefaction is dependent on the physical properties of the sediments and cause surface cracks, landslide, and the formation of soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDS). SSDS is formed by the combined action of the driving force and deformation mechanism(liquefaction, thixotropy, and fluidization) that is triggered by endogenic or exogenic triggers. So research on the SSDS can unravel syndepositional geological events. If detailed sedimentologic analysis together with surrounding geological context suggest SSDS formed by earthquakes, the SSDS provide a clue to unravel syndepositional tectonic activities and detailed paleoseismological information(> Mw 5) including earthquakes that leave no surface expression.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.87-93
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• 2001

Velocity anisotropy of unconsolidated sediments in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea were studied by using 22 piston cores. Velocity anisotropy shows about 0.4 and 1.2％ in the Plain and Slope sediments, respectively. Horizontal velocity is greater than vertical velocity. It is resulted in positive anisotropy. Thus, bedding must be regarded as the principal cause of acoustic anisotropy in the Ulleung Basin sediments. The differences of the value are different from 5 m/s to 18 m/s in the Plain and Slope area, respectively. The relationships between physical properties and velocity anisotropy are clearly grouped. This result suggests that the slope sediments are probably affected by sedimentological (esp. physical properties) changes resulting from diagenesis.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.289-302
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• 1991

Laboratory determination of acoustic property for unconsolidated sediment of Kwangyang Bay was carried out. The compressional wave velocity was correlated to other physical properties and sediment textures to establish a geoacoustic model of the bay. The model was compared to the North Pacific continental terrace sediment. Velocity of the bay is systematically lower(0.02-0.04km/s) than that of the North Pacific. Average velocity of the bay is 1.521km/s. The lowest velocity is measured at the southwestern part of the bay. This area coincides with high amount of fine-grained sediment related to slower circulation. The overall tendency is, however, similar to the North Pacific continental terrace sediment.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.343-349
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• 2006

In order to study unconsolidated sediments upstream of the Soyang Dam, seismic refraction data were recorded along five profiles of 94 m length. Receiver interval and record length were 2 m and 204 ms, respectively. Recorded data were analyzed using the traveltime tomography and delay-time methods in order to reveal sediment distribution in the investigation site. The acoustic basements are buried at approximately 14 m deep and their thickness shallows to southeast approaching to a hill. On the basement, pre-existing sediments deposited before construction of the Soyang dam lies. This sedimentary layer is composed of paleo-soil and sandy sediments. Above this layer, recent sediments comprise the top layer which is believed to have been deposited since the formation of the dam. Average thickness of this uppermost layer is approximately 1.6 m, which is much thicker than in the downstream.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.215-224
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• 1990

Finite element model capable of solving coupled deformation-fluid diffusion equations for the fully saturated porous medium was developed using Galerkin's residual method. This model was used to study the mechanical and hydraulic behaviors of unconsolidated sediment near South Harbor, Pusan. The vertical displacement of top surface clay sediment, when subjected to the external load, is significantly affected by the excessive pore pres- sure buildup and its decay due to the pore fluid diffusion. The sand deposit overlain by the much less permeable clay layer serves as a flow channel. Consequently, the fluid diffusion due to pore pressure difference is significantly facilitated, which also affects the diffusion-dependent sediment deformation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.29-32
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• 1999

해양퇴적물의 음파전달속도는 퇴적물의 주요한 물성중의 하나로 Mercury Delay 방법을 사용하여 측정해 왔다. 하지만 이 방법은 사람의 육안으로 측정하기 때문에 측정자에 따라 측정값이 달라질 수 있는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 컴퓨터를 이용하여 측정자에 상관없이 거의 동일한 측정 결과를 얻어 낼 수 있는 퇴적물 음파전달속도 자동측정시스템과 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 또한 그 측정결과를 Data Base화하고 실제 Mercury Delay 방법을 이용한 방법과 비교 분석하여 그 타당성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.838-846
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• 2007

A measurement system of tri-axial pressure was designed and constructed to measure permeability and resistivity under changing confining pressure. The system was designed to measure the permeability and resistivity of a core simultaneously, consisting of tri-axial supporting device and sets of dual-flow measurement. In this measurement system the permeability and resistivity of a sample can be directly measured and porosity can be obtained using Archie's laws. As for physical properties, artificial core samples are made from mixtures of standard commercial sand and mud of illite. In-situ sediment cores were sampled at the water-depth of 1,800m in the Ulleung Basin East Sea. In order to investigate the effects of confining pressure changes on physical properties, permeability and resistivity changes were monitored with increasing confining pressure. In this study, it was found that with the increase of confining pressure, permeability and porosity tend to decrease and resistivity tend to increase exponentially.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.319-322
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• 2002

그라우팅으로 지반 개량된 조간대 퇴적층의 지층구조를 규명하기 위한 방법으로 전기비저항탐사, 굴절법 탄성파탐사, 지하레이더탐사를 실시하였다. 연구대상 지반의 10m 전후 심도에서 해수의 영향을 받는 수평의 저비저항대가 발달하며, 저비저항대는 모래가 우세한 지층에 해당한다. 지반의 탄성파 속도는 1~3km/sec의 범위로 조간대의 미고결 퇴적층과 비교할 때 매우 높은 속도에 보여준다. 지반의 높은 속도는 지반 개량의 효과로 판단된다. 지하레이더탐사에서 퇴적층의 구성 물질에 따라 교반 정도가 달지는데 모래층은 퇴적물과 주입제의 교반이 잘 이루어져 불규칙한 반사면으로 나타나며, 점토층은 교반이 불량하여 개량된 부분은 주상으로 관찰된다. 물리탐사의 결과와 시추조사를 대비할 때 지반 개량은 기반암까지 시행되었으며, 양호한 암반을 지시하는 고비저항대와 고속도층은 내륙으로 갈수록 깊은 심도를 보여준다. 이것은 지반 개량 이전의 기반암 심도와는 상반되는 것으로 지반 개량의 효과는 해안방면의 지층에서 잘 나타난다.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 1989

Laboratory measurement of compressional wave velocity for two piston cores has been carried out successfully. The cores penetrated into the Holocene mud deposit located just off the Pusan harbor. Differences between the mercury delay method using a mercury column and the time delay method utilizing a digital processing oscilloscope for the observed velocity are negligible. Thus, both methods can be used independently to determine the velocity of unconsolidated marine sediment. The core velocity is, however, always higher than the velocity calculated from the seismic profile. This result should be considered seriously to interprete a seismic profile, otherwise one may encounter systematic error in calculating sediment thickness.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.533-541
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• 2004

A steadily consolidated conglomerate formation (CCF) is developed thickly around Tabjeong-ri and Janghang-ri to the east of Tohamsan, Gyeongju City. The CCF has been regarded to a basal conglomerate, Cheonbug Conglomerate, of the Yonil Group by Tateiwa (1924). Son et al. (2000) correlated the CCF to the Songjeon Formation, which occupies the southwestern block of Tertiary Waup Basin. However, the Songjeon Formation stratigraphically does not face to the extension of the CCF. OSL (Optically Stimulated Luminescence) data on the reddish brown to bluish gray psammitic layers, which are intercalated in the CCF, yielded to 85∼92 ka. Therefore, the age of CCF constrains to the last interglacial stage (MIS 5c-5e) rather than the Early Miocene Cheonbug Conglomerate. The Late Pleistocene Tohamsan Formation (TF) is newly named to the CCF and is subdivided to megabreccias and boulders. A rectangular basin, in which the TF is accumulated, is bounded by Oedong and Yonil faults (segments of Yonil Tectonic Line) and is given a name of Toham Basin. Neotectonically, Pliocene EW-transpression gave an effect of the top-up-to-the-west reverse faulting and the accompanied normal fault movement during the last interglacial age (ca. 100 ka). The basin is graben type, in which basin fills are composed of collapsed colluvial deposits, TF.