• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to test hypothesis that low sink size could mitigate deterioration of grain filling characteristics under high grain filling temperature. To achieve this aim, we selected Donganbyeo as a tolerant and Ilpumbyeo as susceptible variety to high temperature during grain filling period through screening 6 rice varieties. Then their spikelets number and the ratio of superior and inferior spikelet were compared. Grain weight and head rice ratio of Ilpumbyeo decreased significantly in high temperature. Ilpumbyeo had more spikelets than Donganbyeo. However, there was no significant difference between two varieties in the ratio of superior and inferior spikelets. So we tried to investigate the varietal difference of grain filling characteristics with removing inferior spikelets. Removing inferior spikelet in both of varieties could recover grain weight but not improve head rice ratio under high temperature. These results showed that sink/source ratio affected grain weight but didn't affect head rice ratio. Therefore, new approach was required to improve head rice ratio beyond sink/source ratio under high temperature.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.239-249
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• 2020

Persimmon flowers are fruit-bearing female, pollen-bearing male, or hermaphrodite, containing both a pistil and a stamen. Using prominent PCNA persimmons as male parents is very important for breeding programs, as the selection procedure for new cultivars bearing male flowers requires a long time and a large field in a traditional crossbreeding method. To improve breeding efficiency through early selection of male flower-bearing plants at the seedling stage, analysis was performed on 88 major cultivars whose gender expressions are known, using two male flower selection markers recommended by Akagi et al. The OGI locus marker and DISx-AF4S marker results showed that 83 and 72 cultivars, respectively, matched in terms of gender expression and marker analysis. For the OGI locus marker, 890 plants were selected from 2,509 seedlings obtained from crossbreeding with the mother plant "Migamjosang," which was the breeding cultivar. Comparing the gender expression of the flowers and the marker with 1,186 crossbred seedlings, excluding the unfertilized and dead plants, inconsistencies were found in 401 plants (33.8%). For the DISx-AF4S marker, 636 plants were selected from 889 seedlings obtained from 12 cross-combinations. The results of the sex expression and marker analysis were compared to 379 plants, excluding the unfertilized and dead plants, and inconsistencies were found in 247 plants (65.2%). These results indicate that the examined DISx-AF4S and OGI locus markers would not be suitable for utilization in the breeding field.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.725-730
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• 2010

The differences between organic and conventional rice were studied from the point of view of quality, physiochemical property and functionality. It was concluded that organic rice showed a 6% lower complete rice ratio than conventional rice. However, organic rice exhibited more excellent physiochemical property on amylose or protein content, Toyo value, and acidity with 17.5%, 6.6%, 8.12%, and 8.7%, respectively. There was no difference between two kinds of rice on alkali digestion value and amino acids contents such as Asp, Ser, Glu, Ala, Leu, Arg. Among inorganic compounds of rice, four compounds including B, Mn, Fe, or Zn were slightly higher at organic rice with 1.1~2.7 mg/100 g, compared to conventional rice. Interestingly, total phenolic acid and phytic acid content were 89% or 23% higher at organic rice than conventional rice, respectively. MeOH extract from organic rice showed higher antioxidant activity with 26% than that of conventional rice with 22%. In contrast, conventional rice was favored than organic rice on stickness, taste, palatability fields at sensory evaluation.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.540-545
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• 2005

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of high a)z pre-treatment (60, $100\%$ for 3, 6, 12 hr) on quality of 'Hikawa Hakuho' peach fruits. High a)z treatment inhibited the respiration and ethylene production, especially with long tenn treatment for more than 6 hr. Discoloration of peel, softening and decay were reduced by high $CO_2$ treatment $CO_2$ concentration of $60\~100\%$ did not affect soluble solids content and titratable acidity of fruits. $CO_2$ treated fruits, however, showed higher sweetness score compared with control. As the $CO_2$ concentration and treatment duration increased from 60 to $100\%$ and from 3 to 12 hr, respectively, the efficacy on quality increased. Fruits treated with $100\%\;CO_2$ for 3 hr and $60\%\;CO_2$ for 12 hr, however, showed very low flavor score due to the residual $CO_2$ in flesh. High $CO_2$ injury was not noted at any $CO_2$ levels tested in this study. Above results suggest that $60\%\;CO_2$ treatment for 6 hr resulted in as good control of respiration, ethylene production, decay, discoloration and softening without off-order.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.455-460
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• 2001

Quality characteristics of rice which was washed with solution of waxy rice flour to improve the quality of long term stored rice, were investigated. 2000 (Hap-Sal) and 1996 crop year rices (Jung Bu Mi) which were pre-washed with water (PWR) and solution of waxy rice flour (PWRW) were compared. Moisture contents of rices showed no difference among rices, and protein contents of PWRW were increased with washing of waxy rice flour solution although PWRW and PWR were processed from the same batch. Micro-structure of rices did not show particular difference enough to explain quality characteristics of rices. Amylogarm of PWR showed higher viscosity than Hap-Sal, which was characteristic properties of long term stored rice. However, viscosity of PWRW was decreased compared to PWR. The reason of decrease must be the effect of waxy rice starch which was imbedded with washing the rice. Color of PWR was higher in lightness (L), whiteness (W) and yellow (b) compared to Hap-Sal and PWRW. However cooked PWR showed decrease of whiteness and increase of yellow. Sensory evaluation of PWRW showed significant improvement of glossiness, stickiness, taste, and overall preference and decrease of yellow and hardness compared to PWR. Above results suggest that the development of PWRW will improve the quality of pre- washed rice.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 1988

A total of 1,192 patients, who complained a continued chronic cough, suptum or occasional hemoptysis, in spite of successful completion of antituberculous chemotherapy or had some suspected fungal infection, were included. Serum specimens were collected from all the patients studied and sputum or other specimens collected and cultured from the most of the patients. 405(34.0%) cases of the total patients studied showed a positive precipitin reaction to the one or more of the fungal antigens on immunodiffusion tests and 303 cases of them were found to have been infected with Aspergilli, of which Aspergillus fumigatus was involved in 287 cases, followed by Aspergillus flavus(1.7%), Aspergillus nidulans(0.3%), Aspergillus niger(0.3%) and Aspergillus nidulans var. latus(0.1%). pricipitin antibodies were produced to Candida al­bicans(8.1%) and Pseudallerscheria boydii(0.8%). In the chest radiographs of 186 precipitin positive patients, distinct fungus ball shadows were seen in 47 cases and 45 cases of them were formed by A. fumigatus. The isolates from sputum specimens of 724 patients were aspergilli which were consisted of the 46.4% of the total fungal isolates. Identification of 137 yeast like fungi from the sputum specimens of 413 patients revealed that C. albicans(64.2%) was a commonest yeast flora.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.12 s.159
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• pp.1737-1746
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to present a concrete image of the ideal beauty as shown in era preceding 1945 that effects the shaping of our aesthetic values; by analyzing its characteristics through the covers of women's magazines of that period, this research aims to promote the understanding of beauty of the human body. The scope of my research extends throughout the collection of women's magazines stored in the National Library and the Korea Magazine Information Center. The gathered research materials are: 5 kinds of Shin-Yeo-Sung (신여성), 51 kinds Yeo-Sung(여성) and 30 kinds of Ga-Jung-Ji-Woo(가정지우). The result of the research could be summarized as the followings. Before the 1920's in response to the violent opening, there was a trend of sticking to the traditional standard. In the 1920's, the prevalent images of women were meek and fragile. Japanese standard of beauty was explicitly indicated. In the 1930s, as Western movies started to be shown to the general public, western features were idealized and furthermore intelligence was required as a further condition. In the 1940s, preparation of the war led to encouragement of images of motherhood and natural beauty, and resistant to this trend led to pseudoclassicism.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.2 s.60
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• pp.143-154
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• 2005

Typography in visual communication design is 'potential form' hidden within a space. Showing rhythm in typography is making 'aesthetic sense' in a graphic which has formative characteristics, the way of expression is very important. When the rhythm is recognized through visual stream, Rhythmic Sense is formed. The research will present a new form of the Visual Rhythmic Sense by analyzing typography works out positively. First of all, I researched works done by Fillippo Marinetti, Robert Massin, Wolfgang Weingart, and David Carson for their vigorous experimentalism in typography in forming visual rhythm. I used S.D. Scale method to analyze characteristics of visual image and VARIMAX for factor analysis reaching types of visual rhythm, which could be classified as following. (1) Synesthesia Rhythmic Sense (R-synesthesia) means that the senses are conveyed through 'visualization of auditory sense' and 'visualization of touch' (2) Simultaneous Rhythmic Sense (R-simultaneity) means that the time and space co-exist in one plane. (3) Connective Rhythmic Sense(R-connection) means that different factors (Within one plane) co-exist interacting with one another and creating a unified impression through such a process. (4) Artist Oriented Rhythmic Sense ($-artist) means that the artist interprets the content subjectively and expresses his/her impression, thereby, attracting a gaze of audience systematically and arbitrarily. (5) Reader Oriented Rhythmic Sense(R-reader) avoids the existing legibility formed through aggressive engagement of the reader.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.391-396
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• 2005

This study investigated the optimal amount of FDKP(Freeze Dried Kimchi powder) to be added in BFS(breakfast sausage) in order to develop a new Korean style processed food, which can be used as a useful export item. The results of the study suggested that BFSs prepared with FDKP were more favored than BFS without FDKP. The specific findings are as follows: The BFS added with 3% FDKP was favored most in color, taste, softness and overall acceptability by the trained sensory panels. However, in case of unbaked BFS, 9% addition of FDKP was found to have preferred color. Overall, this study suggests that 3% of FDKP was optimal for the newly developed Kimchi BFS. On top of that this study also showed possibility of standardization of product using Korean traditional Kimchi.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 2007

Ecological risk assessment(ERA) to 5 abandoned mine drainage was investigated by using chemical measurement and bioassay experiment. From the results of chemical analysis, the high concentration of heavy metals are detected in most area. The Arsenite were mostly detected in Songcheon, Nakdong, and Dukum abandoned mine area, and various heavy metals were highly dispersed in Nakdong area. The study area have also high biological toxicity, resulted from the bioassay based on WET(Whole Effluent Toxicity) test by using Vibrio fisheri, Selenastrum copricornutum, and Daphnia magna. The maximum toxicity was shown in the point where the mine waters start to flow. The sensitivity of toxicity by S. capricornutum was relatively high considering the values of toxicity in all samples, from 1.3 to 32.0 TU. The different sensitivities of toxicity recommends the use of battery system, resulted from at least two test species for bioassay or ecological risk assessment of mine drainage. Besides, the results showed high hazard quotient(i.e., greater than 1 HQ value indicating potentially significant toxic risks) with regard to abandoned mine drainage area in this study. On the other hand, the biological toxicity results were sharply decreased by attenuation along further distance from discharging of mine waters. Therefore, environmental parameters including the dilution factor, dissolved organic matter, and hardness should be considered when the remediation and ERA of abandoned mine drainage is planned.