• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
• /
• 1994.10a
• /
• pp.65-65
• /
• 1994

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.7
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2006

The combustion temperature in gas generator should be kept below around 1,000K to avoid any possible thermal damages to turbine blade by adopting either fuel rich or oxidizer rich combustion. Thus, non-equilibrium chemical reaction dominates in the gas generator. Meanwhile, Kerosene is a compounded fuel mixed with various types of hydrocarbon elements and difficult to model the chemical kinetics. This study focus to model the non-equilibrium chemical reaction of kerosene/LOX with detailed kinetics developed by Dagaut using PSR(Perfectly stirred reactor) assumption. Also, droplet evaporation time is taken into account by calculating for the residence time of droplet and by decoupling reaction temperature from the reactor temperature. In Dagaut’s surrogate model for kerosene, chemical kinetics of kerosene consists of 1592 reaction steps with 207 chemical species. The comparison of calculation results with experimental data could provide very reliable and accurate numbers in the prediction of combustion gas temperature, species fraction and other gas properties.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.661-672
• /
• 2012

Lab scale experiments to investigate the dissolution reaction among supercritical $CO_2$-sandstone-groundwater by using sandstones from Gyeongsang basin were performed. High pressurized cell system (100 bar and $50^{\circ}C$) was designed to create supercritical $CO_2$ in the cell, simulating the sub-surface $CO_2$ storage site. The first-order dissolution coefficient ($k_d$) of the sandstone was calculated by measuring the change of the weight of thin section or the concentration of ions dissolved in groundwater at the reaction time intervals. For 30 days of the supercritical $CO_2$-sandstone-groundwater reaction, physical properties of sandstone cores in Gyeongsang basin were measured to investigate the effect of supercritical $CO_2$ on the sandstone. The weight change of sandstone cores was also measured to calculate the dissolution coefficient and the dissolution time of 1 g per unit area (1 $cm^2$) of each sandstone was quantitatively predicted. For the experiment using thin sections, mass of $Ca^{2+}$ and $Na^+$ dissolved in groundwater increased, suggesting that plagioclase and calcite of the sandstone would be significantly dissolved when it contacts with supercritical $CO_2$ and groundwater at $CO_2$ sequestration sites. 0.66% of the original thin sec-tion mass for the sandstone were dissolved after 30 days reaction. The average porosity for C sandstones was 8.183% and it increased to 8.789% after 30 days of the reaction. The average dry density, seismic velocity, and 1-D compression strength of sandstones decreased and these results were dependent on the porosity increase by the dissolution during the reaction. By using the first-order dissolution coefficient, the average time to dissolve 1 g of B and C sandstones per unit area (1 $cm^2$) was calculated as 1,532 years and 329 years, respectively. From results, it was investigated that the physical property change of sandstones at Gyeongsang basin would rapidly occur when the supercritical $CO_2$ was injected into $CO_2$ sequestration sites.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.626-631
• /
• 2017

Transparent plastic substrates require an improvement in properties such as surface hardness and thermal stability for optical applications. In this study, UV-curable organic/inorganic hybrids were synthesized to improve those properties. In order to make the optimum dispersion of inorganic component into the organic matrix, an in situ synthetic method was applied based on sol-gel reaction. Dispersion of the inorganic component in the organic urethane acrylate matrix was improved by using a proper combination of sol-gel reaction and fast UV-curing resulting in the formation of the transparent coating layer. Various alkoxy silanes were employed to vary both the degree of curing and coating properties of UV-curable organic/inorganic hybrids. UV-cured organic/inorganic hybrid coatings showed an improved surface hardness and thermal resistance depending on the content of inorganic component.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 2006

The modification of biodegradable polycaprolactone was accomplished by reactive extrusion with various contents of free radical initiator. Reaction conditions were in the temperature range of $130^{\circ}C$ to $180^{\circ}C$ with initiator contents of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 wt%. To characterize the modified polycaprolactone (PCL), molecular weight was measured by gel permeation chromatography(GPC) and thermal, mechanical and rheological properties as well as biodegradability were measured. The modified PCL (MPCL) with 1% of initiator showed ca. 20% increase in crystallinity and ca. 50% increase in tensile modulus. Also, a large increase in rheological properties such as complex viscosity, storage and loss modulus was observed. The biodegradability of most MPCL was higher than that of virgin PCL.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 2008

The effect of characteristics of ground and circular foundation on the dynamic behavior of the foundation in vertical motion are considered using an approximated analytical solution and a finite element analysis with absorbing (consistent transmitting) boundary. The shear wave velocity of homogeneous ground affects the resonant frequency of the foundation much but has nothing to do with the maximum response amplitude at resonant frequency. The density in this case affects both the resonant frequency and the maximum response. The size and the mass of the circular foundation are related both to the resonant frequency and the maximum response. However, Poisson's ratio has very little effect on dynamic behavior of the foundation. When the ground is not homogeneous but has the layers, different formations of shear wave velocities would also change the maximum response at resonant frequency.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.205-214
• /
• 2000

The polyurethane resin was prepared by the reaction of tolylenediisocyanate(TDI) and polypropyleneglycol(PPG). Physical properties of the resin were investigated experimentally. Charging catalyst before TDI-dropping induced the rapid increase of viscosity. On the other hand, charging catalyst after TDI-dropping resulted in mild stability without immoderate generation of heat on reaction. The use of phosphoric acid as catalyst led to low viscosity by restraining side-reaction such as forming of branch-chain, buret reaction and allopanate reaction, but it showed low cross-link density and slow drying. The curing speed was more influenced by structures of molecules rather than NCO/OH ratio. Including PPG 400 over 30 wt % showed excellent adhesive strength due to increase of crosslink density.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 2019

Polymer composites are widely used as industrial materials requiring high mechanical properties. Glass fibers and fillers, which are used as a reinforcement in composites, usually have some problems such as nonuniform dispersion and poor interfacial adhesion. In this study, an acrylic acid-modified polyethylene wax was synthesized by the sequential reaction of pyrolysis of polyethylene followed by grafting with a polar acrylic acid. The acrylic acid-modified polyethylene wax was applied to polymer composites of the polyamide matrix and glass fiber reinforcement. The effect of acrylic acid-modified polyethylene wax on physical properties of polyamide based composites was thoroughly investigated.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.199-202
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 내부 개질반응에서 사용되는 고함량의 니켈촉매(Ni/Al2O3계열 촉매)제조를 위해, 요소(urea)를 이용한 균일용액 침전법을 이용하여 니켈이 고분산된 52wt% Ni/$Al_2O_3$ 촉매를 제조하였다. 제조 촉매는 BET 표면적, 니켈분산도, 니켈표면적 등 물리.화학적 물성 모두 우수하였으며, 환원 패턴은 상용촉매와 비슷하게 나타났다. 실제 반응온도인 $650^{\circ}C$에서 소성하여 화학흡착을 비교한 결과,상용촉매는 니켈분산도 및 니켈표면적이 감소한 반면 균일용액 침전법으로 제조한 촉매는 거의 변화가 없었다. 개질 성능 또한 상용촉매보다 우수하였는데, 이것은 균일용액 침전법으로 제조한 촉매는 활성점(니켈)이 지지체에 나노사이즈로 고르게 잘 분산되었기 때문이라고 판단하였다. 또한 합성온도 조절을 통해, $650^{\circ}C$ 소성 후에 물성변화를 살펴보았고 합성온도 $85^{\circ}C$에서 고분산 니켈 촉매 제조가 가능하였다.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.391-396
• /
• 2004

In order to overcome drawbacks in the conventional preparation of epoxy/silica nanocomposites, such as formation of micro voids and dimensional instability caused by evolution of volatile by-products during curing reaction, a novel preparation method using Si-N precursor has been proposed. When prepared through in-situ reaction of epoxy curing reaction with sol-gel reaction of Si-N precursor, methyltripiperidinylsilane (MTPS) which does not produce by-products during reaction, epoxy/silica nanocomposites of extremely even dispersion of inorganic phase could be successfully prepared, resulting in high enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties as well as outstanding transparency.