• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.187-197
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• 1999

해양수산부가 개발 .운영 중인 항만운영정보시스템(PORT-MIS)은 선박입출항 관련 업무, 수출입 화물 반출입에 관한 업무, 항만시설물관리에 관한 업무, 의사결정지원시스템에 관한 업무 등 크게 4개 업무오 구성되어 있으며, 총 19개의 전자문서와 1,500여개의 단위 프로그램으로 구성되어 있다. 그동안 PORT-MIS를 권역별로 확대 운영하면서 발생한 여러 가지 문제점들을 보완하기 위해 해양수산부와 정보통신부(한국전산원)가 공동으로 $\ulcorner$수출입화물 일괄처리시스템 구축$\lrcorner$ 용역 사업을 현재 진행 중에 있다. 본 연구는 용역과업 내용에 포함되어 있지 않으면서 개선이 필요한 외항선(국전선.외국전선 포함) 선박입항보고서(최초.변경.최종)와 선박출항보고서(최초.변경.최종), 내항선입.출항신고서, 예선사용허가신청서 및 지정서, 도선사용허가신청서 및 지정서 등의 민원업무를, 사용자로 하여금 최소한의 노력으로 처리할 수 있도록 제출방법을 개선(EDI방식에서 온라인방식으로)하여 행정소요시간을 단축함으로써 PORT-MIS의 효율성을 높일 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이러한 노력을 통해 PORT-MIS EDI업무가 개선되어 선박입.출항보고를 1회롤 처리할 수 있다면 연간 29만9천건의 서류절감으로 약 1억3천7백만원의 물류비를 줄일 수 있으며, 시간 단축에 따른 간접비용을 계산하면 보다 많은 효과가 있다고 판단된다. 그리고 내항선입.출항신고서 및 예.도선업무를 EDI방식에서 온라인방식으로 전환함으로써 선사와 예선업체 및 도선사협회가 대화형식으로 업무처리가 이루어져 분쟁을 최소화 할 수 있다면, 전자문서 31만6천건/년 절감으로 1억3백만원/년의 예산이 절감될 것으로 예상된다.rr로 변화시켰고 inductive power는 200~800watt, bias voltage는 0~-200voltage로 변화시켰으며 식각마스크로는 SiO2를 patterning 하여 사용하였다. n-GaN, p-GaN 층 이외에 광소자 제조시 필수적인 InGaN 층을 100% Cl2로 식각한 경우에 InGaN의 식각속도가 GaN에 비해 매우 낮은 식각속도를 보였다. Cl2 gas에 소량의 CH4나 Ar gas를 첨가하는 경우와 공정압력을 감소시키는 경우 식각속도는 증가하였고, Cl2/10%Ar 플라즈마에서 공정 압력을 감소시키는 경우 식각속도는 증가하였고, Cl2/10%CHF3 와 Cl2/10%Ar 플라즈마에서 공정압력을 15mTorr로 감소시키는 경우 InGaN과 GaNrks의 선택적인 식각이 가능하였다. InGaN의 식각속도는 Cl2/Ar 플라즈마의 이온에 의한 Cl2/CHF3(CH4) 플라즈마에서의 CHx radical 형성에 의하여 증가하는 것으로 사료되어 진다.$ 이상을 나타내었다. 박막의 Sn/In atomic ratio는 0.12, O/In의 비율은 In2O3의 화학양론적 비율인 1.5보다 작은 1.3을 나타내었다.로 보인다.하면 수평축과 수직축의 분산 장벽의 비에 따라 cluster의 두께비가 달라지는 성장을 볼 수 있었고, 한 축 방향으로의 팔 넓이는 fcc(100) 표면의 경우 동일한 Ed+Ep값에 대응하는 팔 넓이와 거의 동일한 결과가 나타나는 것을 볼 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 비대칭적인 모양을 가지는 성장의 경우도 cluster 밀도, cluster 모양, cluster의 양 축 방향 길이 비, 양 축 방향의 평균 팔 넓이로부터 각 축 방향의 분산 장벽을 얻어낼 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 기대할 수 있는 여러

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.112-122
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• 2009

The EPCglobal leading the development in RFID standards proposed Event Cycle Specification (ECSpec) and Event Cycle Reports (ECReports) for the standard about RFID middleware interface. ECSpec is a specification for filtering and collecting RFID tag data and is treated as a Continuous Query (CQ) processed during fixed time intervals repeatedly. ECReport is a specification for describing the results after ECSpec is processed. Thus, it is efficient to apply Query Indexing technique designed for the continuous query processing. This query index processes ECSpecs as data and tag events as queries for efficiency. In logistics environment, the similar or same products are transferred together. Also, when RFID tags attached to the products are acquired, the acquisition events occur massively for the short period. For these properties, it is inefficient to process the massive events one by one. In this paper, we propose a technique reducing similar search process by considering tag events which are collected by the report period in ECSpec, as a range query. For this group processing, we suggest a queuing method for collecting tag events efficiently and a structure for generating range queries in the queues. The experiments show that performance is enhanced by the proposed methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.289-299
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• 2006

This paper aims to provide strategies to attract container cargoes for the Incheon port by analysing O/D of the container cargoes with the year-2004 export and import data from. The Korean customs service. O/D analysis was carried out with establishing optimal zones, which are defined as City, Gun, Gu(Korean administrative districts) to which the export-import service can be provided from a certain port with minimized freight(or transport) cost and stevedoring fee. For the Incheon port, 35 administrative districts including Seoul and Incheon in Kyunggi-Do and Kangwon-Do are recognized as the optimal zones, and approximately 25.50% of around 2.02-million-TEU per year of the cargoes from the woes are exported and imported through the pan. The strategies to attract container cargoes was suggested by comparing the Incheon port to supposed-competitive pons. The Busan portn(64.89%), Guangyang port(4.46%) and Pyeongtaeck port(3.35%) are supposed as the competitive pons which have a large proportion of handling the cargoes from the optimal zones. When comparing the Incheon port to these ports, The Incheon pan requires a distinctive cost strategy, providing incentives to attract shipping companies and cargoes, improving efficiency related to loading-unloading at the port, and reinforcing Feeder-Network and advertisements about cost-saving to the shippers(the owners of goods) in the national capital region. Consequently, the mentioned requirements are suggested as the strategies to attract cargoes for the Incheon port.

• Proceedings of the Mineralogical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.53-53
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• 2003

남한에 분포하는 현생 화강암류는 트라이아스기-쥬라기의 소위 대보화강암과 백악기-제3기의 불국사화강암으로 분류되어 왔다. 대보조산운동은 대동누층군의 퇴적이후에 일어난 조구조운동을 지칭하므로 트라이아스기의 화강암을 포함하는 대보화강암이라는 명칭은 그와 사실상 직접적인 관계는 없다. 트라이아스기-쥬라기의 화강암은 영덕, 청송 암체 외에는 경상분지 밖에 위치하고 백악기-제3기의 화강암은 속리산, 월악산 암체 외에는 경상분지 안쪽에 주로 분포한다. 트라이아스기-쥬라기의 화강암 중 영광-대전-청주-충주-원주-강릉 방면에 걸쳐 북동-남서 방향으로 분포하는 화강암질 저반은 남한에서 가장 넓은 면적을 차지하는 화강암체지만 신뢰할만한 연대측정 자료가 매우 부족한 실정이다. 이 화강암질 저반에 대해서는 Rb-Sr, K-Ar법이 해답을 주기 어렵다. 예를 들어 청주-음성-증평 지역의 화강암류에 대한 Rb-Sr 전암 자료는 분산이 심하며 약 380 Ma에 해당되는 초시선을 보여 기원물질의 불균질성 내지 불완전한 혼합 효과를 반영하고 있다. 옥천대와 영남육괴에 분포하는 일부 화강암체에 대해 잘못 보고된 Rb-Sr 전암연대 역시 모두 중광물의 U-Pb 연대보다 오래된 값을 보이는 것으로 보아 이들은 생성 당시부터 일정한 $^{87}$ Sr/$^{86}$Sr 초기치를 가지지 않고 Rb/Sr 비에 따른 양(+)의 기울기를 가졌음이 확실하다. 과잉의 방사기원 Ar을 가지거나 폐쇄온도가 낮은 광물들을 대상으로 한 K-Ar 자료 역시 화강암체의 관입편대를 정확하게 지시할 수는 없다. 우리는 이에 대한 연구의 일환으로 충청남도 청원군의 물류센터에서 채취한 중립질의 흑운모화강암 한 시료에 대한 U-Pb 스핀연대측정 결과를 다음과 같이 보고한다. $^{206}$ Pb$^{*}$ /$^{238}$ U age = 174.6$\pm$2.7 Ma $^{207}$ Pb$^{*}$ /$^{235}$ U age = 170.3$\pm$14.6 Ma $^{207}$ Pb$^{*}$ /$^{206}$ Pb sup */ age = 111$\pm$187 Ma 위에서 볼 수 있듯이 청주화강암의 스핀에 대해 콘코던트(concordant)한 연대가 얻어졌으며 자료의 오차, 스핀의 U-Pb계에 대한 폐쇄온도 및 화강암의 솔리더스(solidus)를 고려할 때 $^{206}$ Pb$^{*}$ /$^{238}$ U 연대인 174.6$\pm$2.7 Ma를 관입정치시기로 해석한다. 동일 시료의 흑운모에 대해서는 145 Ma의 Rb-Sr 연대가 얻어졌으며 따라서 관입이후 약 35$0^{\circ}C$까지 대략 1$0^{\circ}C$/Ma의 냉각속도를 구할 수 있었다. 청주화강암의 쥬라기 중기 연대는 영광-대전-청주-충주-원주-강릉 지역의 화강암질 저반이 대동누층군 퇴적 이후에 일어난 지구조 사건과 연관되었을 가능성을 지시하지만 이를 확인하기 위해서는 더 많은 자료가 요구된다. 우리는 현재 충주, 괴산 지역의 화강암체에 대해서도 스핀 연대측정을 수행중에 있으며 이들 자료를 암상을 구분하여 해석한다면 우리나라 중생대 지구조운동에 대한 새로운 사실이 밝혀질 수 있을 것으로 믿는다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2009

Our domestic economy has been developed very rapidly after 1960's. Also, it is dramatically increasing traffic on road and surround environmental issues. Especially, rapid economic growth has been induced large construction of pavement, and bigger and higher traffic for transportation. These are making air pollution, traffic noise and vibration. The social requirement against the revealed road environment and traffic sound reduction is being demanded. Traffic noise of city zone is showed over the environmental specification more than 57%. In order to overcome these situations, the social attention is being increased. The quiet pavement is the same format of permeable pavement, but is not same for functional performance. In this research, it has been carried out to evaluate the fundamental-mechanical properties of hot mix asphalt for quiet pavement. Especially, couple of laboratory tests are conducted like marshall stability, resilient modulus, indirect tensile test, and compaction energy analysis with gyratory compaction curve. Also, two-layer pavement system has been adopted for developing of quiet pavement. The basic performance of hot mix asphalt of quiet pavement show a satisfaction of specification of hot mix asphalt.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.133-158
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• 2018

The role and ratio of national vessels in the global container shipping market have reduced significantly due to the bankruptcy of Hanjin Shipping in early 2017. All import-export companies, as well as container ports in Korea, are facing a crisis. The Trump's tariff and trade battles have had a negative impact on the increase in the North American cargo. However, Chinese and Japanese container shipping companies, which merged with domestic container shipping companies, and mega carriers such as Maersk and CMA CGM have benefited from the decline in shipping supplies due to the collapse of Hanjin Shipping, the world's 10th largest container carrier in Korea. The import/export freight trade in Korea is witnessing the increasing stronghold of foreign carriers. This scenario is expected to weaken Korea's negotiation powers with overseas shipping companies in domestic ports, such as Busan and Kwangyang, thereby making it more challenging to attract shipping carriers. This study compares the global container-shipping network in 2007 and 2017 by combining the network topology of the social network analysis and the economics of the liner shipping connectivity index (LSCI) and the container port connectivity index (CPCI) analysis. The findings of this study are that the role of the ports across the world can be identified, and CPCI has a high correlation with the centrality index and freight volume data. These findings can contribute toward the utilization of the meaning of the necessary centrality index without an additional centrality analysis. This study can be applied not only to the call strategy of container carriers but also to the alliance and development strategy of Korean ports.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.21-42
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• 2009

This paper analyses the industrial structure and economic effects of wide-regional zones port logistic industry. The analysis on regional economic impacts is conducted in two ways, among which one is the analysis on the effects of final demand of the industry on regional economy and the other is the analysis on the effects of the industry's production activity with using input-output analysis. Main results of this study are as follows: first, wide-regional zones port logistic industry has lower value-added rate relative to other industries. Busan-Ulsan regional zone has relatively higher value-added rate than other regional zones. Second, the economic effects of final demand and production activity of the industry are found to be the largest in Jeolla regional zone and the lowest in Sudo regional zone.

• The Korean Journal of Vision Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.403-411
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze how the certain efforts of the optical shops affect on opticians' job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and to analyze how opticians' job satisfaction and organizational commitment affect on the customer orientation and to suggest the method of maintaining competitiveness. Methods : Two hundred opticians took participations on the surveys via the Internet survey method and social network system (SNS), and SPSS 18.0 statistics program was used for data analysis; frequency analysis, T-test, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted. Results : It is analyzed the differences on the job satisfaction and organizational commitment in accordance with type of optical shops, conducting 5 working days/week and flexible time. As a result, higher job satisfaction is presented with 5 working days/week. Relationships with co-workers statistically affect on job satisfaction positively and emotional labor and work overload statistically affect on job satisfaction negatively. In addition, relationships with co-workers and reward statistically affect on organizational commitment positively and emotional labor and work overload statistically affect on organizational commitment negatively. And opticians' job satisfaction and organizational commitment statistically affect on customer satisfaction positively. Conclusion : It is necessary for the optical shops to make an effort for their opticians to improve the job satisfaction and organizational commitment. And to do so, it is needed to form trusting and respecting relationships with co-workers or superiors. In addition, it is necessary to have continuous communication and education for opticians' self-management. Also, it is needed to establish an effective reward system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.59-69
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• 2009

RFID tag search system which is used to find a specific tag has an application such as asset management, supply chain, and this search scheme has been given much attention so far. In RFID tag search system, especially, mobility of the reader is important in order to search tags. Therefore, even though the handheld reader cannot connect with the central database because of unreliable wireless connection or remote location, handheld reader should search the specific tag without help of the central database. In addition, in RFID tag search system, users hold not the tag but the reader, the privacy of users should be considered. Since the signal strength of the reader is stronger than that of the tag, the privacy of the reader holder is very important. Recently, in order to solve these problems, a number of RFID tag search schemes have been proposed. However, since these schemes did not consider the privacy of reader holders, there are serious privacy breaches of reader holders. In this paper, we propose efficient RFID tag search protocol for passive tags. Our proposed scheme preserves the privacy of reader holders.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.20-33
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• 2021

This study is to suggest improvements of personal information protection in South Korea, according to requiring the safety of process and protection of personal information. Accordingly, based on data collection and analysis through literature research, this study derived the issues and suitable standards of personal information for major artificial intelligence services. In addition, this cases studies were reviewed, focusing on the legal compliance and porcessing compliance for personal information proection in major countries. And it suggested the improvement plan applied in South Korea. As the results, in legal compliance, it is required reorganization of related laws, responsibility and compliance to develop and provide AI, and operation of risk management for personal information protection laws in AI services. In terms of processing compliance, first, in pre-processing and refining, it is necessary to standardize data set reference models, control data set quality, and voluntarily label AI applications. Second, in development and utilization of algorithm, it is need to establish and apply a clear regulation of the algorithm. As such, South Korea should apply suitable improvement tasks for personal information protection of safe AI service.