• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.40-44
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• 1999

기록이 없는 과거 역사에 대한 연구는 문화재라는 간접적인 자료를 통하여 이루어지고 있다. 지금까지의 문화재 연구는 외형적인 특성을 연구하는 고고학이나 미술사의 분야만으로 국한하였으나 점차 내형적인 특성을 연구하는 과학적인 분석기술도 다양하게 응용되고 있다. 문화재의 특성적 성분을 분석하여 원료, 제작방법, 시대, 그리고 지역으로 그룹화한다면 문화재의 특성과 함께 지역, 시대에 따른 문화적 형태와 수준, 그리고 문화의 유입 경로 등에 대한 자료를 제시할 수 있다. 분 연구에서는 유리나 도자기 유약 등의 문화재를 분석할 경우에 대한 SEM-EDS의 정량분석 조건들을 설정하고 경남 김해 양동리고분에서 출토된 고대 유리구슬에 대하여 직접 적용하여 보았다. 분석 결과, 매장되었던 고대 유리에서는 풍화층이 존재하며 이에 대한 분석조건과 정량분석의 문제점들을 고찰하였다. 이를 기초로 하여 적용한 양동리고분의 유리구슬은 알칼리계 유리로 칼리계 유리는 AD 1C, 소다계 유리는 AD 2C말$\sim$3C초부터 나타난 것으로 추정된다. 그리고 유리의 색상은 전이금속 동(Cu), 철(Fe), 그리고 망간(Mn)의 함유량과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 보인다. 이 분석 결과에 따라 고대 유리구슬의 성분 함유량이 원료, 색상, 유구편년, 그리고 지역에 따라 그룹이 형성될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.6
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• pp.259-264
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• 1985

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.154-165
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• 2022

The color appearance of cultural heritage are essential factors for manufacturing technique interpretation, conservation treatment usage, and condition monitoring. Therefore, this study systematically established color reproduction procedures based on the digital color management system for the portrait of Gwon Eungsu. Moreover, various application strategies for recording and conserving the cultural heritage were proposed. Overall color reproduction processes were conducted in the following order: photography condition setting, standard color measurements, digital photography, color correction, and color space creation. Therefore, compared with the color appearance, the digital image applied to a camera maker profile indicated an average color difference of 𝜟10.1. However, the digital reproduction result based on the color management system exhibits an average color difference of 𝜟1.1, which is close to the color appearance. This means that although digital photography conditions are optimized, recording the color appearance is difficult when relying on the correction algorithm developed by the camera maker. Therefore, the digital color reproduction of cultural heritage is required through color correction and color space creation based on the raw digital image, which is a crucial process for documenting the color appearance. Additionally, the recording of color appearance through digital color reproduction is important for condition evaluation, conservation treatment, and restoration of cultural heritage. Furthermore, standard data of imaging analysis are available for discoloration monitoring.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.220-223
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• 2020

초해상화란, 저해상도의 영상으로부터 고해상도 영상을 복원하는 이미지 처리 기법이다. 최근 영상 출력 장치의 발전으로 고해상도의 영상을 출력할 장치는 많아지는 한편, 이에 맞는 고해상도 영상을 찍을 영상 기록 장치의 보급은 이에 비해 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 저해상도의 영상을 고해상도 영상으로 변환하는 초해상화 연구는 많은 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 문화재 영상에서의 초해상화는 특히 기존 문화재의 질감, 무늬 등을 보존해야하기 때문에 정교한 초해상화 과정이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 문화재 영상의 초해상화 과정에 집중해, 기존 문화재의 질감, 무늬 등을 잘 보존하면서 영상 데이터의 양이 상대적으로 적은 경우에도 활용 가능한 기계학습 기범, GLM-SI를 이용한 문화재 영상 초해상화 방법을 제안한다. GLM-SI 를 사용한 초해상화 결과, 문화재 영상에서 선행 방법인 SI 에 비하여 4 배 초해상화에서 PSNR 0.12dB, SSIM 0.017, 8 배 초해상화에서 PSNR 0.23dB, 0.033 의 성능적 향상을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.491-504
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• 2021

Gwanghwamun Gate of Gyeongbokgung Palace was dismantled and relocated during the Japanese colonial period, destroyed during the Korean War, reconstructed with reinforced concrete in 1968, and finally erected at its present location in 2010. A pair of Haechi statues located in front of Gwanghwamun was dismantled and relocated several times, and the statues have yet to be returned precisely to their original positions. This study assesses the historical accuracy of their current placement under the Gwanghwamun Square Restructuring Project of the Seoul Metropolitan Government and the Cultural Heritage Administration based on archival photos from the early 1900s, and proposes a method to estimate the original positions of the Haechi through image analysis of contemporary photographs and recent digital camera photos. We estimated the original position of the Haechi before the Japanese colonial period by identifying the shooting location of the archival photo and reproducing contemporary photographs by calculating the angle and distance to the Haechi from the shooting location. The leftmost and rightmost Haechi were originally located about 9.6 m to the east and 7.4 m to the north and about 1.9 m to the west and 8.0 m to the north, respectively, of their current location indicators. As the first attempt to determine the original location of a building and its accessories using archival photos, this study launches a new scientific methodology for the restoration of cultural properties.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2010

As the tangible evidence, documentary art records are permanent records to reflect the historical, symbolical, cultural and artistic value. Also, documentary art records are related with mission fulfillment of public institution and it is documentary with administrative, cultural and artistic values as the works of documentary production and application of the administrative image. "The public records management law" was the first time that administration documents were incorporated and in the act No. 3 of administrative records management, the preservation and management system of documentary art records became legislated. The management of documentary art records are difficult to categorize only by the reflect of characteristics or materials. Because documentary art records are collected in many ways and made with materials. It needs to be collected with many informations on basic materials and with the appropriate conservation and management category. Documentary art records do not have lots of demands but the level of consciousness is improving and the possibility of opening to public is increasing for improvement with the right to know. In near future, the documentary art records will be used for the interpretation of historical and cultural preservation and modern cultural heritage could have the value as it is expected. Primarily to prevent deterioration on documentary art records the standard survey card should be made to categorize the damage rate and to check the status on each documentary art records. In addition, establishing a systematic management plan for various documentary art records are needed with the training of professionals for the conservation of documentary art records.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.12 no.1 s.15
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• pp.83-91
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• 2003

The paste used for conserving and mounting has much to do with the life of cultural properties of paintings. Previous studies on the pastes dealt with elimination of protein from wheat flour as protein has been known to do harm to paste and investigated the effects of starch and protein content on adhesive strength and conservativeness. We found that protein content inversely affected adhesive strength while adhesive strength and viscosity of paste were proportionally related to starch concentration of the paste. The adhesives with more protein showed less conservativeness. Types and number of microorganisms were found to increase as protein percentage increased. All these results points that the higher content of protein in adhesive formula support higher microbial growth with reduced adhesive strength, but higher flexibility. The optimized paste of conservation treatment was wheat starch paste with not only minimize viscosity but also maximized adhesive strength.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.46-58
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• 2022

This study analyzed the documentation trend of garden components such as plants, infrastructure, unit facilities, and structures, based on 188 measurement drawings of 94 old houses in a report on the documentation of the national folklore cultural heritage. The findings are as follows. First, it was found that plants and structures continuously appeared as the subject of measurement drawings, while infrastructure was often omitted. It was confirmed that unit facilities, which are smaller than other components, were frequently excluded from the documentation subject as well due to frequent changes such as movement, loss, and expansion. Second, the level of expression in measurement drawings showed different aspects for each component. The unit facilities showed a large change over time with respect to the level of documentation, and the level of documentation was somewhat polarized, particularly toward the latter stage. This suggests that the level of documenting the drawings limited to specific facilities improved, but the overall level of drawings did not improve, such as a lack of diversification of expression techniques suitable for various unit facilities. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the level of documenting the drawings for plants, infrastructure and structures did not change to a significant degree, implying that no improvements were made to the expression of components. Third, as for the technique of detailed expression, in the case of plants, vegetation status was prepared without distinction of old or protected trees that have historical value. Above all, there was no record of the vegetation structure that could help grasp the vegetation landscape of the outer area. As for the infrastructure, there was no consistent expression technique to systematically convey topographic changes such as the height and slope of the land. In addition, since there was no subtype classification defined for unit facilities and structures, there was no subject or method of documentation. This study is meaningful in that it expanded the category of documentation, which has been concentrated on buildings in old houses, to gardens, and called attention to the need for documenting the gardens for the preservation and management of old houses as an integration of the building and outer area.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.25-36
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• 2019

The purpose of the study is to analyze how to document survey and repair data on wooden architecture culture assets. Documentation was analyzed in comparison to digital developments from the past to the present. Although the accuracy of survey equipment has been improved by digital development, survey drawing has not changed. For example, a 3D Scanner, survey equipment, was introduced but is being used for conversion into 2D data. Data provided by the drawing included in the survey and repair reports were not accumulated. As it stands, it is inaccessible and disorganized. Data generated from the survey, repair, and maintenance has to be consistent. A BIM system was proposed to integrate information on wooden architecture cultural assets.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2016

Fungi are a major cause of cultural and biological degradation in museum storages and archives libraries. In addition, fungi produce toxins and can cause skin allergies. In particular, fungi coming into contact with the skin through the hands of administrators dealing with cultural properties, archives, and books can lead to secondary infections. To prevent this, applying hand sanitizer, which is readily available in the market, is recommended. However, such hand sanitizer can effectively disinfect against bacteria but not fungi. As such, researching for an alternative is required. In this study, we developed a hand sanitizer composed of active ingredients - geranial, cineol, menthol, and Chamaecyparis obtusa - and performed a disinfection test, which targets 10 kinds of species (Alternaria citrimacularis, Alternaria consortialis, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus versicolor, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Coniothyrium aleurites, Penicillium brevicompactum, Penicillium corylophilum, Penicillium paneum, and Penicillium polonicum), of fungi investigated in museums and libraries. It was then confirmed to exhibit excellent disinfecting effects. Thus, this hand sanitizer is expected to prevent skin diseases and secondary infections in administrators dealing with cultural properties, archives, and books.