• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.409-416
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• 2012

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of action-observational training and task-oriented training on upper limb function and activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis. This study included 12 voluntary participants with post-stroke hemiparesis. Subjects were randomly assigned to either group 1 or group 2, with 6 in each group. Each subject completed the crossover experiment that comprised of action-observational training (A) and task-oriented training (B). The intervention sequence was A-B for the group 1 and B-A for the group 2. Each training was performed for 30 min a day, 5 times a week for 2 weeks (total experimental period of 4 weeks). Assessments were made using the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) thrice: at baseline, after 2 weeks of intervention, and after 4 weeks of intervention. The results showed that the WMFT and MBI scores significantly improved after the completion of each training (p<.05). Therefore, a determination of the superior training method was difficult. The effect sizes of both groups were greater when performed the action-observational training. The findings suggest that both the action-observational training and task-oriented training may be helpful in improving the upper limb function and activities of daily living for patients with post-stroke hemiparesis, and support the clinical feasibility of the action-observational training.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.329-346
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• 2022

Recently, as the market for short form videos (Instagram, TikTok, YouTube) on social media has gradually increased, research using them is actively being conducted in the artificial intelligence field. A representative research field is Video to Shop, which detects fashion products in videos and searches for product images. In such a video-based artificial intelligence model, product features are extracted using convolution operations. However, due to the limitation of computational resources, extracting features using all the frames in the video is practically impossible. For this reason, existing studies have improved the model's performance by sampling only a part of the entire frame or developing a sampling method using the subject's characteristics. In the existing Video to Shop study, when sampling frames, some frames are randomly sampled or sampled at even intervals. However, this sampling method degrades the performance of the fashion product search model while sampling noise frames where the product does not exist. Therefore, this paper proposes a sampling method MF (Missing Fashion items on frame) sampler that removes noise frames and improves the performance of the search model. MF sampler has improved the problem of resource limitations by developing a keyframe mechanism. In addition, the performance of the search model is improved through noise frame removal using the noise detection model. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the proposed method improves the model's performance and helps the model training to be effective.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2017

This study was executed to know the effect of the habitat size on huanren brown frog (Rana huanrensis) larvae's growth. We've conducted the study on Mt. Surak in Sanggye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul. Our study site was discriminated the huanren brown frog larvae's habitat into the three different areas, such as small area (S1, $3.91m^2$), middle area (S2, $4.42m^2$), and large area (S3, $38.37m^2$) in the same water channel. We measured two times per a week the 15 huanren brown frog larvae's body length, and developmental stages (foreleg, hind leg, tail length) including the environmental factors (humidity, air temperature and water temperature) of the study site from March 30 to June 28 in 2016. The only hatching rate was measured for the three egg sacs at the S2 study site. We found that the average hatching rate was $76.84{\pm}18.23(%)$ at S2. Generally, because of less precipitation during our study periods, all habitat areas for our study site were gradually decreased. The middle area, S2, was not reduced, the small area, S1, was reduced more than a fourth, and the largest area, S3, was drastically reduced more than half from initial area. There was no statistically difference among the three study sites for the three environmental factors (average humidity, average air temperature, and average water temperature) by F-test, but there were significant difference among the three site for the larvae's body length (F-test p< 0.05). Therefore, the larger of habitat areas, the larger of the larvae length as well as the faster of the larvae's developmental stages. When we measured the body lengths of immature huanren brown frogs, the immature frog of S1 was smallest, the immature frog of S3 was middle lenght, and the immature frog of S2 was largest. There were statistically different among the three study sites for the immature huanren brown frogs (F-test, p< 0.05). Because the S2 study site was relatively stable without rarely changing the study area, it meant that huanren brown frog was sensitive to habitat areas. Based on the results of this study, if we study on the effect of the altitude on the growth rate of huanren brown frog, it must be helpful in understanding the habitat environment of the population of huanren brown frog.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.17 no.3 s.37
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• pp.17-33
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• 2005

The present study attempts to develop the 'Empowering Youth Program' to enhance adolescents' creativity to address a variety of social and relationship issues and verify the effect of the program. The program consists of 12 sessions and each session employs a variety of activities and teaching methods to engender the students' interest. The subjects of this study were 262 middle school students in Seoul and Kyoun99i province. They were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. Several independent t-tests and ANCOVAs were performed for data analyses. The results of the analyses indicated that the 'Empowering Youth Program' was effective in both promoting adolescents' educational performance and enhancing their creativity. Furthermore, the program was found to be very effective in helping adolescents understand themselves, peers, and family members much better.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.82-88
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• 2008

A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of probiotics as a feed additive for juvenile Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. Four experimental diets supplemented with no probiotic(Control), Bacillus polyfermenticus(BP), Bacillus licheniformis(BL) or Bacillus polyfermenticus plus Saccharomyces cerevisiae(BP+SC) at $1.0{\times}10^7$ CFU/kg diet as a dry-mater(DM) basis were prepared by mixing with a basal diet. After 12 weeks of the feeding trial, fish fed BP+SC diet showed significantly higher weight gain(WG), feed efficiency(FE), specific growth rate(SGR) and protein efficiency ratio(PER) than those of fish fed control diet(P<0.05), however there were no significant differences in WG, FE, SGR and PER among fish fed the BP, BL and BP+SC diets. Fish fed BP and BP+SC diets showed significantly higher condition factor(CF) than that of fish fed control and BL diets. Fish fed BP, BL, BP+SC diets showed significantly higher hepatosomatic index(HSI) than that of fish fed control diet, however there was no significant difference in HSI among fish fed BP, BL and BP+SC diets. Fish fed BP+SC diet showed significantly lower serum glucose than that of fish fed control diet, however there was no significant difference in serum glucose among fish fed BP, BL and BP+SC diets. Fish fed BP+SC diet showed significantly higher respiratory burst activity(NBT assay) than that of the fish fed control and BL diets, however there was no significant difference in NBT assay between fish fed BP and BP+SC diets. Fish fed BP and BL diets showed significantly higher lysozyme activity than that of the fish fed control diet, however there was no significant difference in lysozyme activity among fish fed BP, BL and BP+SC diets. Fish fed BP and BP+SC diets showed significantly lower cumulative mortality than that of the fish fed control diet, however there was no significant difference in cumulative mortality among fish fed BP, BL and BP+SC diets after the challenge test. From these results, dietary B. polyfermenticus, B. licheniformis and B. polyfermenticus plus S. cerevisiae supplementation in juvenile Korean rockfish diet could enhance growth performances, non-speicific immunities and a higher resistance against the specific pathogen.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2004

2-piece 임플란트에서는 초기 치유 기간 동안 0.9-1.6mm의 골 소실이 일어나는데 2-piece 임플란트의 미세 간극과 그에 따른 생물학적 폭경의 형성이 중요한 원인이다. 최근 수직적으로 미세 간극의 위치를 변화시킴으로 골 소실의 양을 줄일 수 있다는 보고가 있다. 이번 실험의 목적은 미세 간극의 수평적 위치 변화에 따른 골 소실의 양을 비교하는데 있다. 하악에서 인접하여 최소 2개의 임플란트를 식립할 수 있는 7 무치악 부위에 총 15개의 Osseotitie XP 4/5를 식립하였다. 이때 임플란트의 상연이 주위 치조골과 일치하게 식립하였고 무작위로 선택하여 한 그룹(W군)에서는 wide diameter healing abutment를 연결하였고 다른 한 그룹(S 군)에서는 standard diameter healing abutment를 연결하였다. 3개월의 치유 기간후 보철 과정을 시작하였으며 이 때 healing abutment와 같은 크기의 prosthetic component를 이용하였다. 임플란트 식립 직후, 3개월의 치유 기간이 지난 보철 직전(Interval I)에, 보철 과정 직후(Interval II)에 각각 치근단 방사선 사진을 찍어 각 단계에서의 골 소실 양을 비교하였다. W 군의 경우 골 소실의 양이 Interval I에서 $1.60{\pm}0.78$, Interval I+II에서 $2.36{\pm}0.29$이었고 S 군에서는 Interval I에서 $1.5810{\pm}0.3030$, Interval I+II에서는 $1.7346{\pm}0.4199$이었다. W군에서는 Interval I와 I+II에서의 골 소실 양이 통계학적으로 유의할 만한 차이를 보였으며, Interval I+II에서의 W 군과 S 군에서의 골 소실 양도 통계학적으로 유의할 만한 차이를 나타내었다. Interval I에서는 두 그룹에서 골 소실의 차이가 없었는데 이는 1 stage surgery시 healing abutment 주위로 mucoperiosteal flap 접합의 어려움 때문으로 생각된다. 한편 Interval II에서는 abutment manipulation 등의 과정이 추가적인 골 소실을 야기한 것으로 생각된다. Interval I+II에서 W 군과 S 군 사이의 골 소실 양 차이는 미세 간극의 수평적 위치 변화의 양과 유사한 결과를 나타내었는데 이로 미루어 미세 간극의 수평적 이동은 임플란트 주위의 골 소실 양에 영향을 미칠 수 있다고 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.841-852
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• 2009

The aim of the study was to quantify and explore the causal relationships of appearance management through an analysis of one's own clothing and wearing experience, namely clothing preference, personality factors, emotion and mood, newness, familiarity of one's own clothing, and social interaction. Explorative quantitative and qualitative research was carried out using a uniformly composed sample of 10 size 12 females. A personality questionnaire was completed a short while prior to the study. A 10 day ‘wearing diary’ was administered to record where and when outfits were worn. Two questionnaires were completed measure emotion and mood, prior to changing into clothing (a daily baseline), and when they were wearing or changed clothing (dynamic mood). Qualitative information was recorded and included their thoughts and feelings other than the questionnaires, along with photographs that were taken by participants. Preference, social and newness ratings for each outfit worn were recorded after the 10 day period. SPSS analysis identified relationships and linear regression analysis identified preference indicators. Thematic analysis identified 9 themes regarding the management of mood, personality and social factors when wearing one's own clothing. The results indicated strong relationships between emotion, mood, personality and preference and how much newness and different levels of social interaction influence these factors. Participants tended to match their mood and personality with their clothing choices but in some cases also compensated. This research recognises the value of consumer psychological processes involved in appearance management, and has implications for further research into product involvement, post-purchase behaviour and retail strategies for personal shoppers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.5716-5725
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• 2014

This study examined the effects of a prenatal education program of labor and delivery experience for primigravidas in mid-pregnancy. This investigation was designed as a one group pre-post quasi-experimental study, aiming to determine the effects of prenatal education on anxiety, confidence and knowledge in delivery by demonstrating knowledge and actual situations including understanding labor, breast-feeding, baby care and others, and experiencing the education program. Subjects were collected randomly from an on-line club in D city. The simulation education proceeded for 2 hours a week from April to June, 2014, and there were 6 sessions each in the first and second periods. We included 35 primigravidas who attended all 6 sessions. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis and a paired t-test. According to the study results, the subjects showed a significant difference in knowledge in delivery (t=-9.07, p<001), confidence in delivery (t=-9.00, p<001) and anxiety (t=14.39, p<001) after participating in the prenatal education program. An evaluation of satisfaction revealed experience to be the most differentiating factor, and the simulation experience was identified as most effective. The desired appropriate number of class sessions was 4 times, and 88.6% of the pregnant women intended to attend the program at their next birth, indicating a high response rate.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.87-97
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• 2017

This paper examined how consumers' attitude toward the telecommunication expense was affected by news reports through the experiment. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four group (control group, high-expense-claimed-media group, low-expense-claimed-media group, and both-exposed-media group), and asked to indicate credibility & neutrality toward media report, similarity between media report, and their own thought, their attitude toward the telecommunication expense. The result of ANOVA showed that the high-expense-claimed-media was perceived more credible and neutral than the low-expense-claimed-media. ANCOVA was conducted to eliminate the impact of similarity between media report and their own thought on the evaluation of credibility & neutrality toward media report, and the result showed that there was no difference. Also, participants evaluated the telecommunication service so expensive, regardless of what kind of media reports they were exposed. We found that consumers' prior belief, which telecommunication service was expensive, might interrupt consumers' learning process for new information from media. To resolve the social pressure about mobile service rate-cutting, it is necessary to investigate how to dampen consumers' stereotype about the telecommunication expense. The future research using the framing effect could be considerable.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.116-122
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• 2018

In Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) disaster, integrated and optimized equipment package including stretcher, isolation unit, patient monitoring and treatment equipment is essential to achieve proper treatment and prevent secondary contamination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency and ease of use of integrated CBRN disaster equipment package for disaster medical response. This study was a randomized crossover study using a manikin simulation for emergency medical technitian (EMT). All participants used the existing devices and prototype of integrated CBRN disaster equipment package alternately. Efficiency was measured by time from vital sign change to detection or treatment application. Ease was use was measured by questionnaires for each patient monitor, stretcher care and isolation unit. 12 EMTs were enrolled. hypoxia-detection time of integrated equipment group was significantly shorter than existing equipment group (4.9 s (3.8-3.9) vs 3.5 s (2.5-3.9), p < 0.05). There was decreasing tendency of ECG change detection and facial mask oxygen supply but no statistical significance was observed. Overall satisfaction of patient monitoring device in integrated equipment group was significantly higher than existing devices (4(3.5-5) vs 3(3-3), p < 0.05). The use of integrated CBRN disaster equipment package shortened the hypoxia detection time and improved usability of vital sign monitor compared to existing devices.