• Agrochemical news magazine
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• v.19 no.1 s.142
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• pp.7-9
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• 1998

• Life and Agrochemicals
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• s.263
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• pp.14-17
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• 2010

무역자유화 시대의 한국 농업의 유지, 발전의 관건은 가격 이외의 요인으로 부가가치를 높이고 농산업이 수행하고 있는 다양한 비경제적 기능을 국민 전체가 인정하고, 그 결과 합리적인 소득지지정책이 뒷받침 될 때만이 한국 농산업이 건전한 발전과 농촌지역의 지속 가능성이 담보될 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
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• 1997.07a
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• pp.59-78
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• 1997

유통업도 이제는 제조업과 마찬가지로 국경의 개념이 허물어지고 있다. 무역자유화와 더불어 유통업에 대한 외국인 투자가 자유화되면서 유통기업들도 해외에 진출하여 영업 반경을 넓히고 있다. 우리 나라도 지난 '96년 유통업에 대한 외국인 투자가 자유화되었으며, 이에 따라 까르푸, 마크로, 막스 앤 스펜서와 같은 유럽계 유통업체들이 진출하여 점포를 운영하고 있다. (중략)

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.345-364
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• 2013

This paper analyzed the Trade Structure of environmental industry in Korea and some major countries in preparation for The Doha Development Agenda (DDA) Trade Liberalization Negotiation in the environmental goods. Based on 161 environmental goods list proposed by OECD, this paper examined the Trade Returns of worldwide environmental goods during the past 10 years from 2002 to 2011. The analysis showed that Korean environmental goods' International Market Share(IMS) in the world was 3.2%; trade specialization index(TSI) -0.128; Revealed Comparative Advantage(RCA) 1.002 in 2011. And Korea Export Similarity Index(ESI) to Japan was the highest rank in the world market. According to the results of investigation, it is clear that International Competitiveness of the Korean Environmental Industry was received a relatively poor evaluation compared with Korean trade scale. To strengthen the competitiveness, it is required that Korean government should make an effort to boost domestic environmental industry and promote systematically Trade Liberalization Negotiation including the enforcement of transient period for Korean environmental goods in the next DDA Negotiation.

• Distribution Business Review
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• no.2
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• pp.105-116
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• 2002

유통업도 이제는 제조업과 마찬가지로 국경의 개념이 허물어지고 있다. 무역자유화와 더불어 해외투자가 자유화되면서 유통기업들도 해외에 진출하여 영업 반경을 넓히고 있다. 우리나라에서도 지난 1996년 유통업에 대한 외국인 투자가 자유화됨에 따라 까르푸(Carrefour), 월마트(Wal-Mart), 테스코(Tesco), 코스트코 홀세일(Costco Wholesale)과 같은 굴지의 다국적 유통기업들이 국내에서 영업하고 있다. 전통적으로 유통업은 내수 위주의 산업으로 지역 소비자와 밀접한 관계를 유지해야 하기 때문에 해외 진출에 소극적이었으나 최근 유럽 및 미국 업체들을 중심으로 동남아 및 남미에 대한 진출을 확대하고 있다.(중략)

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.16
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• pp.73-105
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• 1993

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.131-153
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• 2018

This paper evaluates Korea's achievements in implementing the WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA1), which has been referred to as one of the most successful stories in trade liberalization. ITA1 and other agreements for trade liberalization were evaluated based on quantative statistics, and the implication that is not shown as numbers has often been ignored. Based on in-depth interview methods, results of this paper provides academic importance in filling the gap in knowledge regarding the success of trade liberalization from a qualitative perspective. As well, it has practical importance in exploring implications for continuing the success in implementing the ITA2 and further implementing other agreements for trade liberalization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.627-628
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• 2022

There is no internationally accepted codified definition of digital trade because of the wide variety and scope of related industries and transactions(product + service + data) in general. Recently, innovative changes are taking place in digital trade due to the development of technologies such as IT due to the 4th industrial revolution, and advanced countries such as the US, EU, and Japan are including digital trade issues such as data movement liberalization in the negotiation agenda of the digital trade agreement. The issue with the liberalization of cross-border data movement is that freedom of data movement is necessary to vitalize digital trade, but it also increases the risk of information security and privacy violations. Looking at the directions of advanced countries, the US favors minimization of regulations, Europe favors regional single marketization, but passively opens up to the outside world, and China promotes independent markets through regulations. Therefore, measures to strengthen restrictions on cross-border data movement are an issue that has recently been implemented by each country or an international aggrement is scheduled to be reached soon, and Korea also needs a close response.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.125-151
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• 1990

This paper reviews the economic liberalization experiences of the Southern Cone countries and draws some lessons from their experiences. The Southern Cone countries-Chile, Argentina and Uruguay-followed the different sequences in liberalization. Chile implemented the fiscal reform and the following comprehensive trade reform in the beginning of liberalization, but capital controls were maintained until 1979. Argentina and Uruguay placed more emphasis on the financial reform with the goods market reformed afterwards, but the fiscal sector was never reformed in Argentina. Since the serious inflation plagued the Southern Cone countries, they combined the economic liberalization scheme with the economic stabilization programmes which are based on the monetarist model. Although economic situations in the Southern Cone countries are quite different from those of Korea, we can learn many lessons from their experiences. First, the monetary and fiscal policies should consist of strict financial discipline to bring in the stable domestic inflation. Without the domestic stabilization, the financial liberalization could disturb the domestic economy as the capital inflows in particular generate a real exchange rate appreciation. Second, the monetary approach which is based on the full purchasing power parity and perfect capital mobility make stabilization as simple as a matter of the appropriate exchange rate policy and the proper rate of domestic credit creation. The unsuccessful experiences with monetarist stabilization in the Southern Cone countries suggest that the monetarist model cannot make real exchange rate and real interest rate stable with the trade and financial reform. Third, both the theory and practice have not yet provided a precise solution on the optimal sequencing and speed of the goods and financial market. Nonetheless, it seems desirable to keep the real exchange rate and the real interest rate stable by gradually opening up the current account and then the capital account.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.256-268
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• 2004

Korea remains one of the few countries in the world that has not participated in any formal regionalism except its first FTA with chile which was just recently concluded. The lack or regionalism in Northeast Asia reflects post-war national policies that favored international export markets as an engine of economic growth. Based on a survey of 50 firms in Korea, this paper examines the relationship between regionalism and multilateralism in terms of computer industry. The results show that the industry favors international rather than regional markets for its continued export growth. According to the results, accelerated trade liberalization measures through the mutilateralism of the WTO dilute the demand for and negative impacts from regionalism. Overall, the results suggest that the Korean computer industry supports a trading system with a strong multilateral commitment based on non-discrimination.