• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.24 no.4 s.65
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• pp.223-230
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• 1986

A series of experiments were carried out to evaluate the differences in susceptibility of the 13-aphidicidial insecticides in the green peach aphids(Myzus persicae) collected from 13 different localities. The aphids were reared and increased on the potted tobacco plants in the laboratory. The susceptibility to insecticides was compared at the $LC_{50}$ levels with the resistant ratio by a leaf-dip method with a laboratory strain reared for 2 years in the laboratory without exposure to insecticides. The susceptibility to the insecticides was greatly varied with the local strains. The local strains demonstrated relatively high resistance to the insecticides over the laboratory strain at the $LC_{50}$ level; in resistant fold, 2.3 to 519.0 to cypermenthrin, 2.3 to 494.5 to decamethrin, 2.8 to 442.4 to fenvalerate, 2.5 to 170.6 to formothion, 1.5 to 494.5 to decamethrin, 2.8 to 442.4 to fenvalerate, 2.5 to 170.6 to formothion, 1.5 to 231.8 to phosphamidon, 3.1 to 42.1 to monocrotophos, 1.0 to 30.9 to phenthoate+dimethoate, 1.8 to 21.0 to heptanophos, 2.1 to 24.8 to oxydemeton-methyl, 1.0 to 24.9 to thiometon, 1.6 to 4.7 acephate, 0.8 to 4.1 to pirimicarb.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2016

We investigated the diversity pattern of spring moths across two regions of South Korea, Yongin city (middle part) and Muan gun (southern part) and the effects of climatic variables on moth species richness and abundance. Moths were weekly collected using UV light trap in April from 2013 to 2015. Climatic factors included growth degree day with base temperature 8 (GDD8), average temperature, precipitation, duration of sunshine, wind speed, and snow cover. The climatic effects on moth species richness and abundance were analyzed by short (0~3 weeks before collecting) and long (4~12 weeks before collecting) time periods, respectively. The diversity of spring moths showed the similar pattern of species composition at family level. However the dominant family differed depending on the region: Geometridae at middle part and Noctuidae at southern part. In addition the dominant species of Noctuidae occurred early in April and that of Geometridae moths occurred later in April. Three short-term climatic factors, GDD8, duration of sunshine, and precipitation one week before collecting were significant on moth species richness and abundance, while only one long-term climatic factor, temperature four weeks before collecting was significantly affected on moth species richness. We found that both Geometridae and Noctuidae were dominant in spring moth fauna across South Korea and they were different in the dominance and flying time in April. The occurrences of spring moths were largely affected by warmness and precipitation. The current global warming could affect the occurrence of spring moths and this should be monitored consistently.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.80-86
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal sowing date for the spring sowing cultivation of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). To determine suitable rapeseed sowing dates for spring sowing cultivation, changes in growth, flowering characteristics, and seed production were investigated in Muan, South Korea between 2019 and 2020. 'Jungmo7001' is the suitable variety for spring sowing because of its early flowering characteristics, high seed yield, and the fact that it occupies the highest cultivation area in South Korea. When the yield of 'Jungmo7001' was investigated in 2019 and 2020, the highest yields recorded were 243 kg/10a in February 28, 2019, and 294 kg/10a in February 18, 2020. As a result, the optimal rapeseed seeding period is considered to be mid-to-late February in the southern region. There was no statistically significant difference in seed crude oil content. The content of oleic acid (C18:1) decreased, but that of linoleic acid (C18:2) and of linolenic acid (C18:3) increased significantly depending on the sowing date.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.80-88
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• 2014

This study was carried out to understand the effect of sowing date on growth characteristics, flower duration of a total of 6 domestic rapeseed cultivars, "Sunmang", "Tammiyuchae", "Tamlayuchae", "Naehanyuchae", "Yongsanyuchae" and "Hallayuchae" with different sowing dates (25 Sept., 5 Oct., 15 Oct., 25 Oct., 5 Nov.) in Muan, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea. The results obtained were summarized as the follows: The number of seedling stand after overwintering was decreased in all 6 cultivars. It changed little until 5 Oct., and then showed continuously largely decrease as the sowing date being delayed. As the sowing date was being delayed, plant height was decreased while Silique length and thousand seed weight were increased. Seed yield in all 6 cultivars decreased almost linearly with late sowing date. In correlation analysis between the delaying sowing date and growth characteristics, it was inversely correlated with plant height ($r=-0.769^{**}$), No. of branches/plant ($r=-0.760^{**}$), No. of siliqua/panicle ($r=-0.631^{**}$) and seed yield ($r=-0.946^{**}$), while showed a positive correlation with silique length (r=0.635), seed diameter ($r=0.629^{**}$) and thousand grain weight ($r=0.422^*$). No. of seeds/silique and seed set percentage were not significantly correlated with the delaying sowing date. The flower duration was long in order of Sunmang, Tammiyuchae, Yongsanyuchae, Naehanyuchae, Hallayuchae and Tamlayuchae. Varietal variation of flowering date was larger with early sowing date than with delaying sowing date. The range of flower duration across all cultivars was from 1 day of Tamlayuchae to 14 days of Sunmang according to the sowing date, and the end flowering date was able to be extended from 2 to 9 days, compared to normal date of end flowering.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.439-452
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• 2018

This study was carried out to establish of environment-friendly control system and to survey the occurrence status of Ricania shanthungensis in Jeonnam province from 2016 to 2017. R. shanthungensis occurred at 1,344 ha in 61 towns of 15 cities in Gwangju and Jeonnam province. At four sites in the stationary area, the densities of eggmass and pupae were lower in 2017 than in 2016, the hatching rate decreased, and the first hatching time, emergence of adults, and the start of spawning tended to be slower. Telenomus sp., an egg parasitoid of R. shanthungensis, was found in most areas. Sunchon had the highest rate of 46.1%, followed by Muan 40.6, Goksung 29.2, Gurye 25.8, and Gwangju 17, respectively. The optimum spraying time for the control of R. shanthungensis was early March. The spraying material and the dilution multiples are 10 times of the machine oil at environmental friendly cultivation and 500 times of the chlorpriphosphate wp. at normal cultivation. When sprayed these materials, 95% of egg prohibited to hatch. There was more than 80% of the insecticidal effects on the organic materials of the machine oil emulsion, the Sophora root extrect + microbial extract agent, and the castor emulsion. For adults, Sophora root extrect + microbial extract, neem extract, and machine oil were better. Four kinds of chemical pesticides such as dinotefuran wp were effective for nymph and adult control. We have developed an adult catching device using the most preferred daylight color and behavioral habits of R. shanthungensis. The capture device consisted of two daylight compact lamps (30W and 20W), a yellow plate, and a catcher using water, and caught about 700 individuals a day. Based on the above results, we have established a system for controlling and life cycle of R. shanthungensis in Jeonnam province.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.449-455
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• 1993

Vibrio vulnificus is a recentry recognized halophilic organism that may cause human infections. Patients infected with Vibrio vulnificus often have a history of exposure to the sea, suggesting that the organism may be common inhabitant of marine environment. In this studies 314 samples were collected from 9 sites of Chonnam coastal area, from April to Jun, 1993. Isolation rates of V. vulnificus were 7.1% in total samples, 33.3% in sea water, 55.5% in sediment, 1.7% in fish and shellfish, 6.3% in kitchen environment. In each areas of Chunnam V. vunificus were isolated from 3.6% to 11.4%. The isolation rates of V. vulnificus was correlated positively with organic matter and COD in sea warer and sediment. In sea water, Microorganism population were $4.5{\times}10^3{\sim}3.5{\times}10^5\;CFU/ml$, Vibrio strains were $1.8{\times}10^l4.6{\times}10^3\;CFU/ml$, Coliform bacteria were $1.9{\times}10^1{\times}3.7{\times}10^2\;CFU/100ml$. In sediment, Microorganism population were $4.8{\times}10^3{\sim}5.2{\times}10^5\;CFU/ml$. Vibrio strains were $1.9{\times}10^2{\sim}8.4{\times}10^4\;CFU/ml$, Coliform bacteria were $7.2{\times}10^1{\sim}9.9{\times}10^2\;CFU/100ml$.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 2015

Fruit drop due to Eurytoma maslovskii infestations of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume) is a serious economic issue in most parts of Jeonnam Province, with the exception of the coastal areas such as Wando, Shinan, Yeosu, and Muan. The average incidence of fruit drop was 67% in 2013 and 33.3% in 2014. E. maslovskii larvae overwinter inside the pits of Japanese apricots. Larval survival rates decrease to less than 30% after a rainy summer season. The eggs are long oval of 0.68 mm, 0.29 mm and ivory white. Mature larva is of 6.56 mm, 3.18 mm. Free pupa are black, adult females and males of 6.97 mm, 4.90 mm lengths, respectively, while the ovipositor is 0.64 mm in length. Adult emergence occurs from early April to early May, when Japanese apricot fruits are from 4 mm to 17 mm in diameter. Adults persist for 13.5 d after emergence, and the sex ratio of females to males was found th be 45.9:54.1. Although up to four eggs may be oviposited per fruit, only one larva will ultimately survive, ans the larvae are cannibalistic. The period during which E. maslovskii is able to oviposit on Japanese apricots only lasts from mid- to late April (fruit diameter: 12~16 mm). When the diameter of the fruit is >16 mm, the pit of the Japanese apricot hardens and larvae have difficultly penetrating the stone. Therefore, the most effective method of controlling this pest is to spray orchards with a control agent 2~3 times, at 5 d intervals, beginning in mid- April.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.97-97
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• 2017

천일염의 생산공정은 바닷물(나트륨 농도: 2~3%)을 저수지로 유입시킨 바닷물을 농축하는 1차 증발지(난치)와 2차 증발지(누태)로 보내 일반적으로 2주 정도 증발시켜 나트륨 농도 12~15% 소금물을 만든다. 온도가 낮은 겨울철에는 결정지를 거치거나 2차 증발지의 농축시켜 창고(해주)에서 보관 하는 동안 나트륨 농도 25~27%정도로 상승되어 소금 결정을 이루고 채염하여 창고로 운송한다. 보관창고에서 천일염에서 쓴맛을 내는 간수를 제거한 뒤 선별, 건조 및 포장하는 유통하는 단계로 이뤄진다. 천일염의 생산과정 중 해주는 함수를 저장하여 고농도의 함수를 저장하여 불용분 및 이물질을 자연 침전시켜 맑은 함수를 다음 공정으로 이송시켜 천일염 품질향상에 중요한 공정 중에 하나이다. 그러나 일반적인 염전의 해주는 지붕의 복사열로 인하여 저장중인 해수의 대류로 인하여 침전물이 상승되고 이물질이 부유함으로 인하여 품질저하의 원인이 되고 있다. 또한 해주 구조 및 해주 품질에 대한 자료는 전무한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 해주의 깊이에 따른 해수의 대류 방지 깊이 및 품질 변화를 측정하여 고품질 천일염 생산공정에 적용하는데 목적이 있다. 해주분석을 위한 염전은 결정지 채염공정을 공유하는 2개지역 3개 염전을 대상으로 하였으며, 무안, 운남 및 만품지역의 3개소를 선정하여 생산방식이 비교적 동일한 염전을 선정하여 조사 및 분석하였다. 해주의 깊이는 1.0, 3.0, 3.5m인 해주의 시료를 채취하여 Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphate, Chloride 의 함량 분석은 Arena 20 XT 자동흡광분석기 (Automated photometric analyzer)을 이용하여 분석을 하였다. 각 염전에서 채취한 해수의 평균 탁도 값은 해주의 깊이가 깊을수록 탁도 값이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 해수의 색상 "b" 값은 해주 깊이가 깊을수록 낮은 결과를 보였다. Mg 함량은 전반적으로 15,000~40,000 mg/L 범위의 값을 나타냈으며, Sulphate 함량은 약 30,000~65,000 mg/L 범위의 값을 나타났으며, 깊이가 깊을수록 Mg, Sulphate 함량이 낮아지는 결과를 보였으나 Chloride 함량은 뚜렷한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 실험 결과 해주 깊이에 따른 함수의 품질 차이가 발생하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 해주의 바닥 깊이가 깊을수록 함수의 불용분 침전, 분리에 효율적인 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.169-176
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between sports confidence and class satisfaction according to adolescents' participation in marine sports. First, as a result of analyzing the correlation between sports confidence and class satisfaction, confidence on specific sports had a positive (+) effect on class contents, class style, and class effect, and had a negative (-) effect on physical education teachers. Competition orientation had a positive (+) effect on class contents, class style, and class effect. State sports confidence had a positive (+) effect on all the sub-factors of class satisfaction. Second, as a result of analyzing the effect of sports confidence on class satisfaction, class contents and class style had positive (+) effects on competition orientation and state sports confidence, and class environment and physical education teachers had positive (+) effects on state sports confidence and negative (-) effects on competition orientation.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.187-194
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of native Korean Allium wakegi Araki samples, which were grown from seven local seed bulbs(Yesan, Muan, Anmyon-do, Deokjeok-do, Jeju-do, Yecheon, and China) to produce high quality native Korean Allium wakegi Araki. For the proximate composition of samples, moisture contents were in the range of 90.69~92.43%. The crude protein content of the Jeju-do sample was highest compared to the other samples. However, there were no significant differences in total sugar contents between samples. The seed bulb origin did not affect the hardness of the stem part, but was high for the leaves of the Yesan sample compared to the other samples. The results for anti-oxidative activity were as follows: Yesan(2.30 mg/mL) > China(2.51 mg/mL) > Muan (2.56 mg/mL) > Yecheon(2.74 mg/mL) > Jeju-do(2.85 mg/mL) > Anmyon-do(2.87 mg/mL) > Deokjeok-do(3.18 mg/mL). In terms of mineral and amino acid contents, the Yesan sample showed the highest levels, respectively, compared with the other samples. Food values such as contents of total phenolics and pyruvic acid were highest in the Jeju-do sample. These results show that the physicochemical characteristics of Allium wakegi Araki were significantly different according to different seed bulb origins.