• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.545-549
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• 1999

This study was performed to estimate mineral contents of some underground vegetables including potatoes, sweet-potatoes, carrots, radishes, onions, garlics, gingers, burdocks, and lotus roots produced in Korea using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry). According to the measurement, the amounts of Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, and P in underground vegetables are variable depending upon harvest time and individual plants. It was noticeable that the carrots showed quite higher amounts of Na compared to other underground vegetables. The amounts of Cd, Ba, Sr and Pb appeared to be below hazard levels. In the near future we expect that this study can be used to calculate the mineral intake from underground vegetables.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.425-430
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• 2000

This study was carried out to estimate mineral contents of some underground vegetables including potatoes, sweet-potatoes, carrots, radishes, onions, and garlics produced in Korea using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry). According to the measurements, the contents of Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, and P in Korean underground vegetables were variable depending upon producing areas and individual plants. Compared with other underground vegetables, the contents of Na in carrots and lotus roots were quite high. The contents of Cd, Ag Co. and Sr appeared to be below hazard levels. It is expected that this study can be used to calculate the mineral intake from underground vegetables.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.205-208
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• 2003

This study was conducted to develop a technology for raising rice hydroponically seedlings using the bed in which the seedlings grew in nutrient solution without soil. In Hydroponic rice seedlings, two nutrient solutions (Yashida and Wonsi) were evaluated with four supplying methods $[$3 times (2 days, 8 days and 12 days after seeding), 2 times (5 days and 10 days after seeding), and 1 time (5 days and 10 days after seeding)$]$1, Seedling growth was not different between the two solutions. However, tensile strength of root-mat was higher in Yoshida solution than in Wonsi solution. The more frequent supply of solution resulted in the better seedling growth but in the weaker root mat. Utilization efficiency of the solution minerals was not different in N content regardless of supplying frequencies, but higher in r, K, Ca and Mg when supplied only once on the 5 days after seeding.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.97-101
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• 1998

Experiments were conducted to investigate the bleeding xylem sap characteristics, mineral contents and endogenous plant hormon contents in cucumbeer and origental melen plant grafted onto different rootstocks and various cucubitaceous crops developed for rootstocks. The volume of xylem sap, expressed as milliliter per 100g plant flesh weight, was high in the Heukzong rootstock plant as compared to the other rootstock plant,. Acidity(pH) and electric conductivity(EC) values in breeding xylem sap were not much influenced by the kind of rootstocks. Incucumber plant grafted onto different rootstocks, the contents of xylem sap in total nitrogen, phosphorus and K were increased by grafting, whereas those of Ca and Mg were decreased. Rootstocks had no influence on the total nitrogen contents in xylen sap of ‘Sineuncheon’, but decreased K Contents. Conecntration of cytokinin-like substances in origental melon xylem sap was a little higher in Sintozwa and ungrafted.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.85-93
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of several substrates and ratio of NO3--N to NH4--N in nutrient solution on growth, yield and mineral uptake of sweet pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) in bag culture. The content of minerals such as P, K, Ca and Mg showed difference in concentration among media: P and Mg were the highest in vermiculite in vermiculti+rice hull, K in perlite+vermiculite and Ca in perlite+peatmoss; with the lowest in the single perlite medium respectively, Ca of mineral made fairly higest level in concentration compared with the others in all of the media. The concentration of mineral content was lower in the ratio of 8:2 than that of 10:0. Admitting that the pH made difference depending on the kind of substrates and ratios of NO3--N to NH4--N. The pH of 10:0 ratio in all the substrates was higher and more stable than that of 8:2. The range of EC in all the substrates showed from 1.78ds·m-1 to 2.10 ds·m-1, which was optimum range for growth of sweet pepper, and range of EC is larger in 8:2 ratio than that in 10:0 ratio. Plant height and stem diameter were nothing to do with the kind of substrates, but leaf area was the largest at vermiculite+rice hull of the 8:2 ratio, fresh and dry weights were heavier at peatmoss+carbonized rice hull, but were the lightest at perlite. All indexes related to the growth which had something to do with the kind of substrates higher in 8:2 ratio than those in 10:0 ratio. The number of fruit and fresh weight related to the ratio of the 8:2 were the highest as 17.5 at vermiculite+rice hull with 1,588g of fresh weight, while the yield from perlite was the lowest. The number of fruit was the highest as 16.4 at virmiculite+rice hull, yield was the higest as 1,394a at perlite+ peatmoss. The yield of 8:2 ratio at all substrates was higher than that of 10:0 ratio. Of the mineral content related to the plant part, K+ and Mg2+ were higher in concentration at leaf; Ca2+ were higher at root; PO4- was higher at stem and fruit; The content of mineral showed no difference between the ratio of the 8:2 and the ratio of the 10:0 with no regrading to the difference of mineral content among substrates; and K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ uptake of sweet pepper were higher at 10:0 ratio than that of 8:2; 2while PO4- uptake of sweet pepper was lower at 10:0 ratio than that of 8:2 ratio.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 2002

This study aimed to determine the effects of cooking treatment on chromaticity and 6 mineral contents (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, sodium and potassium) in sea mustards. Four samples of natural and cultured sea mustard were used for the experiments. Each sample was treated with four cooking methods (A: soaked in water, B: boiled in hot water, C: saute and boiled in hot water, D: seasoned with vinegar). The L, a and b values were the highest on boiling, and the lowest on seasoning with vinegar. The a value of cultured sea mustard was higher than the natural one by cooking. Moisture was highest boiling and were ordered as saute and boiling, soaking and seasoning with vinegar. Calcium, iron, magnesium and phosphorus contents were remarkably decreased by seasoning with vinegar. Boiling treatment made less decrease than saut and boiling in these mineral contents. The solubilities of mineral in soup water were recognized therefore, it indicated that soup water was a good source of minerals as it applies to cooking, from the view point of science of cookery. Sodium and potassium contents decreased significantly more at 68% and 85% of total content on basic soaking treatment. Ca/P ratio was about 1∼3 : 1 in cultured sea mustard and 3∼4 : 1 levels in natural one.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.404-412
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• 2011

This study was carried out to compare and analyze the active ingredients of Korean native ginger and rhizome derived from in vitro shoot-tip culture of Korean native ginger. Proximate compositions, mineral nutrients, free sugars, fatty acids, volatile components, 6-gingerol, and 6-shogaol were analysed and evaluated. Korean native ginger was proved to have a little more contents than in vitro rhizome in proximate compositions (crude ash, crude lipid, crude protein, carbohydrate). Mineral nutrient contents (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) of in vitro rhizome were higher than those of Korean native ginger. Among the mineral nutrients, the quantity of K was the highest, followed by P, Mg, Na, and Ca. Free sugar contents (fructose, glucose, sucrose) of in vitro rhizome were higher than those of Korean native ginger. Fatty acids containing less than C14 was the major among the fatty acids in ginger. Citral ingredient of the unique aromatic compound of Korean native ginger was stronger than that of the rhizome derived from in vitro shoot-tip culture. Gingerol concentration was increased by shoot-tip culture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.11
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• pp.1631-1634
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• 2011

This study was conducted to estimate the general components, minerals, and dietary fiber contents of Synurus deltoides. S. deltoides contained 81.1% moisture content, and the proportions of crude fat, crude protein, crude ash, and crude fiber were 0.3%, 4.2%, 2.6%, and 3.5%, respectively. Potassium (3,249.1 mg) was the most abundant component among the minerals in S. deltoides. In addition, S. deltoides contained many other minerals, e.g. calcium (854.8 mg), phosphorus (60.3 mg), magnesium (344.7 mg), sodium (57.3 mg), zinc (1.7 mg), iron (30.9 mg), copper (0.8 mg), and manganese (5.8 mg). Almost all of the mineral contents of S. deltoides were higher than those of Aster scaber and Ligularia fischeri, except for zinc, copper, and manganese. Total dietary fiber (TDF), insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) contents of S. deltoides were 42.6 g, 37.9 g, and 4.7 g, respectively, and these were also higher than those of A. scaber and L. fischeri used in this study. These results suggest that S. deltoides may be a valuable nutrient source.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.200-204
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• 2003

This study was conducted to develop a technology for raising seedlings hydroponically using the bed in which the seedlings grew in nutrient solution without soil. In order to establish the optimum EC value of nutrient solution, six initial EC values (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 dS/m and control) of Yoshida's hydroponic solution were examined. Seedling height and dry weight increased with increasing below EC up to 3.0 dS/m, but showed no significant increase at higher than EC 3.0 dS/m. Nutrient solution with initial EC of 3.0 dS/m was good to be dropped down nearly to 1 dS/m after 15-day seedling culture. But those with initial EC of 4.0 and 5.0 dS/m were judged not appropriate because of high EC value in waste nutrient solution. Utilization efficiency of minerals of nutrient solution and rice endosperm was higher on the whole at initial EC of 2.0-3.0 dS/m. Considering seedling growth and utilization efficiency of supplied nutrient solution, initial EC is judged to be suitable at 3.0 dS/m.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.162-167
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the compositions of fatty acids, inorganic components and volatile organic acids from Korean valerian roots, Valeriana fauriei var. dasycarpa Hara and Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia Miq. The contents of total lipids ranged from 3.7 % to 4.5% and the major fatty acids were linoleic, linolenic and palmitic acid. Ash contents ranged from 4.3% to 6.3%. and the contents of Na, Fe, Zn and Cu showed some quantitative differences depending upon grown region or species. Fourty components were identified from acidic fraction of dichloromethane extract of V. fauriei var. dasycarpa Hara, of which the major components were 3-methyl butanoic, dimethoxy-2-propenoic. 3, 4-dimethoxy benzoic and 3-methyl pentanoic acid.