• Title/Summary/Keyword: 몰 시스템

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A Study on the Gas-liquid Separation Effect of the Knockout Drum in the Flare System (플레어시스템에서 녹아웃드럼의 기·액 분리효과에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Hyun-Gil;Baek, Jong-Bae;Kim, Sang-Ryung
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2021
  • Among the flare systems that handle discharged substances from safety valves, the knockout drum was a key facility for safety, but the installation standards were not clear, so it was necessary to review the standards acceptable to the workplace and regulatory agencies. After investigating the domestic and foreign technical standards of knockout drums and the deficiencies of previous studies, research was first conducted on the degree of mass discharge, the installation location of the intermediate knockout drum, and the effect of changes in the composition of the discharged material. As a result of the study under the process simulation conditions, the gas-liquid separation of the knockout drum was completed in a small amount of less than 7,500kg/hr. However, when more than that was released, the gas-liquid separation effect was small even with the addition of an intermediate knockout drum. In addition, when the composition ratio of the material easily condensed was increased (molar fraction 10%), the gas-liquid separation effect of the knockout drum increased in the case of mass release. The gas-liquid separation effect was analyzed to be greater when the knockout drum was installed adjacent to the stack than the knockout drum was installed adjacent to the process equipment.

The Effects of Sentiment and Readability on Useful Votes for Customer Reviews with Count Type Review Usefulness Index (온라인 리뷰의 감성과 독해 용이성이 리뷰 유용성에 미치는 영향: 가산형 리뷰 유용성 정보 활용)

  • Cruz, Ruth Angelie;Lee, Hong Joo
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.43-61
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    • 2016
  • Customer reviews help potential customers make purchasing decisions. However, the prevalence of reviews on websites push the customer to sift through them and change the focus from a mere search to identifying which of the available reviews are valuable and useful for the purchasing decision at hand. To identify useful reviews, websites have developed different mechanisms to give customers options when evaluating existing reviews. Websites allow users to rate the usefulness of a customer review as helpful or not. Amazon.com uses a ratio-type helpfulness, while Yelp.com uses a count-type usefulness index. This usefulness index provides helpful reviews to future potential purchasers. This study investigated the effects of sentiment and readability on useful votes for customer reviews. Similar studies on the relationship between sentiment and readability have focused on the ratio-type usefulness index utilized by websites such as Amazon.com. In this study, Yelp.com's count-type usefulness index for restaurant reviews was used to investigate the relationship between sentiment/readability and usefulness votes. Yelp.com's online customer reviews for stores in the beverage and food categories were used for the analysis. In total, 170,294 reviews containing information on a store's reputation and popularity were used. The control variables were the review length, store reputation, and popularity; the independent variables were the sentiment and readability, while the dependent variable was the number of helpful votes. The review rating is the moderating variable for the review sentiment and readability. The length is the number of characters in a review. The popularity is the number of reviews for a store, and the reputation is the general average rating of all reviews for a store. The readability of a review was calculated with the Coleman-Liau index. The sentiment is a positivity score for the review as calculated by SentiWordNet. The review rating is a preference score selected from 1 to 5 (stars) by the review author. The dependent variable (i.e., usefulness votes) used in this study is a count variable. Therefore, the Poisson regression model, which is commonly used to account for the discrete and nonnegative nature of count data, was applied in the analyses. The increase in helpful votes was assumed to follow a Poisson distribution. Because the Poisson model assumes an equal mean and variance and the data were over-dispersed, a negative binomial distribution model that allows for over-dispersion of the count variable was used for the estimation. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used to model count variables with excessive zeros and over-dispersed count outcome variables. With this model, the excess zeros were assumed to be generated through a separate process from the count values and therefore should be modeled as independently as possible. The results showed that positive sentiment had a negative effect on gaining useful votes for positive reviews but no significant effect on negative reviews. Poor readability had a negative effect on gaining useful votes and was not moderated by the review star ratings. These findings yield considerable managerial implications. The results are helpful for online websites when analyzing their review guidelines and identifying useful reviews for their business. Based on this study, positive reviews are not necessarily helpful; therefore, restaurants should consider which type of positive review is helpful for their business. Second, this study is beneficial for businesses and website designers in creating review mechanisms to know which type of reviews to highlight on their websites and which type of reviews can be beneficial to the business. Moreover, this study highlights the review systems employed by websites to allow their customers to post rating reviews.

Systemic Analysis on Hygiene of Food Catering in Korea (2005-2014) (Systemic analysis 방법을 활용한 국내 학교급식 위생의 주요 영향 인자 분석 연구(2005-2014))

  • Min, Ji-Hyeon;Park, Moon-Kyung;Kim, Hyun-Jung;Lee, Jong-Kyung
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.13-27
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    • 2015
  • A systemic review on the factors affecting food catering hygiene was conducted to provide information for risk management of food catering in Korea. In total 47 keywords relating to food catering and food hygiene were searched for published journals in the DBpia for the last decade (2005-2014). As a result, 1,178 published papers were searched and 142 articles were collected by the expert review. To find the major factors affecting food catering and microbial safety, an analysis based on organization and stakeholder were conducted. School catering (64 papers) was a major target rather than industry (5 pagers) or hospitals (3 papers) in the selected articles. The factors affecting school catering were "system/facility/equipment (15 papers)", "hygiene education (12 papers)", "production/delivery company (6 papers)", food materials (4 papers)" and "any combination of the above factors (9 papers)". The major problems are follow. 1) The problems of "system/facility/equipment" were improper space division/separation, lack of mass cooking utensil, lack of hygiene control equipment, difficulty in temperature and humidity control, and lack of cooperation in the HACCP team (dietitian's position), poor hygienic classroom in the case of class dining (students'), hard workload/intensity of labor, poor condition of cook's safety (cook's) and lack of parents' monitoring activity (parents'). 2) The problem of "hygiene education' were related to formal and perfunctory hygiene education, lack of HACCP education, lack of compliance of hygiene practice (cook's), lack of personal hygiene education and little effect of education (students'). 3) The problems of "production/delivery company" were related to hygiene of delivery truck and temperature control, hygiene of employee in the supplying company and control of non-accredited HACCP company. 4) The area of "food materials" cited were distrust of safety regarding to raw materials, fresh cut produces, and pre-treated food materials. 5) In addition, job stability/the salary can affect the occupational satisfaction and job commitment. And job stress can affect the performance and the hygiene practice. It is necessary for the government to allocate budget for facility and equipment, conduct field survey, improve hygiene training program and inspection, prepare certification system, improve working condition of employees, and introducing hygiene and layout consulting by experts. The results from this study can be used to prepare education programs and develop technology for improving food catering hygiene and providing information.

Development of a Pre-treating Equipment and the Carcass Disposal System for Infected Poultry (감염가금 전처리 및 폐사가축 처리시스템 개발)

  • Hong, J.T.;Kim, H.J.;Yu, B.K.;Lee, S.H.;Hyun, C.S.;Ryu, I.S.;Oh, K.Y.;Kim, S.;Kwon, J.H.;Tack, D.S.
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.81-92
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    • 2011
  • When we bury the infected poultry into the ground, we have many problems such as the difficulty of making sufficient area for burying, environmental contamination by the leachate, unpleasant ordor. Also, in case of burning the carcass of the infected poultry, there are some problems such as high cost, dust, unpleasant odor, etc. It could cause environmental contamination which many peoples and environmental organization complains about. In this study, we develop a treating system which treats the infected poultry carcass in a environmental method preventing the environment contamination. This system is composed of many processes. The euthanasia system uses rigid vinyl to trap and to do a euthanasia the infected poultry with lethal gas, carbon dioxide. And then, with the tractor attached grappler infected poultry carcass could be put into the carcass treating system. The euthanasia system uses rigid vinyl to trap the infected birds and to confine lethal gas, carbon dioxide. Infected poultry carcass are moved to carcass disposal system by collecting device which is attached at tractor. The carcass treatment system (capacity of disposal : 6.3 $m^3$) is installed on a truck and do one pass work, which is input, crush, stir, sterilize, and discharge treated carcass. 1,000 chickens was killed within 9.7min by $CO_2$ (300L/min) in the tent (10 $m^3$). The collecting device could carry 142 chickens at a time, and the movable carcass treatment system could sterilize 2 tons carcass per hour (at one time). This treatment systems was eco-friendly because it reduced the volume of carcass by 31.9% with no wastewater generation.

Improving Performance of Recommendation Systems Using Topic Modeling (사용자 관심 이슈 분석을 통한 추천시스템 성능 향상 방안)

  • Choi, Seongi;Hyun, Yoonjin;Kim, Namgyu
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.101-116
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    • 2015
  • Recently, due to the development of smart devices and social media, vast amounts of information with the various forms were accumulated. Particularly, considerable research efforts are being directed towards analyzing unstructured big data to resolve various social problems. Accordingly, focus of data-driven decision-making is being moved from structured data analysis to unstructured one. Also, in the field of recommendation system, which is the typical area of data-driven decision-making, the need of using unstructured data has been steadily increased to improve system performance. Approaches to improve the performance of recommendation systems can be found in two aspects- improving algorithms and acquiring useful data with high quality. Traditionally, most efforts to improve the performance of recommendation system were made by the former approach, while the latter approach has not attracted much attention relatively. In this sense, efforts to utilize unstructured data from variable sources are very timely and necessary. Particularly, as the interests of users are directly connected with their needs, identifying the interests of the user through unstructured big data analysis can be a crew for improving performance of recommendation systems. In this sense, this study proposes the methodology of improving recommendation system by measuring interests of the user. Specially, this study proposes the method to quantify interests of the user by analyzing user's internet usage patterns, and to predict user's repurchase based upon the discovered preferences. There are two important modules in this study. The first module predicts repurchase probability of each category through analyzing users' purchase history. We include the first module to our research scope for comparing the accuracy of traditional purchase-based prediction model to our new model presented in the second module. This procedure extracts purchase history of users. The core part of our methodology is in the second module. This module extracts users' interests by analyzing news articles the users have read. The second module constructs a correspondence matrix between topics and news articles by performing topic modeling on real world news articles. And then, the module analyzes users' news access patterns and then constructs a correspondence matrix between articles and users. After that, by merging the results of the previous processes in the second module, we can obtain a correspondence matrix between users and topics. This matrix describes users' interests in a structured manner. Finally, by using the matrix, the second module builds a model for predicting repurchase probability of each category. In this paper, we also provide experimental results of our performance evaluation. The outline of data used our experiments is as follows. We acquired web transaction data of 5,000 panels from a company that is specialized to analyzing ranks of internet sites. At first we extracted 15,000 URLs of news articles published from July 2012 to June 2013 from the original data and we crawled main contents of the news articles. After that we selected 2,615 users who have read at least one of the extracted news articles. Among the 2,615 users, we discovered that the number of target users who purchase at least one items from our target shopping mall 'G' is 359. In the experiments, we analyzed purchase history and news access records of the 359 internet users. From the performance evaluation, we found that our prediction model using both users' interests and purchase history outperforms a prediction model using only users' purchase history from a view point of misclassification ratio. In detail, our model outperformed the traditional one in appliance, beauty, computer, culture, digital, fashion, and sports categories when artificial neural network based models were used. Similarly, our model outperformed the traditional one in beauty, computer, digital, fashion, food, and furniture categories when decision tree based models were used although the improvement is very small.

A Regression-Model-based Method for Combining Interestingness Measures of Association Rule Mining (연관상품 추천을 위한 회귀분석모형 기반 연관 규칙 척도 결합기법)

  • Lee, Dongwon
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.127-141
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    • 2017
  • Advances in Internet technologies and the proliferation of mobile devices enabled consumers to approach a wide range of goods and services, while causing an adverse effect that they have hard time reaching their congenial items even if they devote much time to searching for them. Accordingly, businesses are using the recommender systems to provide tools for consumers to find the desired items more easily. Association Rule Mining (ARM) technology is advantageous to recommender systems in that ARM provides intuitive form of a rule with interestingness measures (support, confidence, and lift) describing the relationship between items. Given an item, its relevant items can be distinguished with the help of the measures that show the strength of relationship between items. Based on the strength, the most pertinent items can be chosen among other items and exposed to a given item's web page. However, the diversity of the measures may confuse which items are more recommendable. Given two rules, for example, one rule's support and confidence may not be concurrently superior to the other rule's. Such discrepancy of the measures in distinguishing one rule's superiority from other rules may cause difficulty in selecting proper items for recommendation. In addition, in an online environment where a web page or mobile screen can provide a limited number of recommendations that attract consumer interest, the prudent selection of items to be included in the list of recommendations is very important. The exposure of items of little interest may lead consumers to ignore the recommendations. Then, such consumers will possibly not pay attention to other forms of marketing activities. Therefore, the measures should be aligned with the probability of consumer's acceptance of recommendations. For this reason, this study proposes a model-based approach to combine those measures into one unified measure that can consistently determine the ranking of recommended items. A regression model was designed to describe how well the measures (independent variables; i.e., support, confidence, and lift) explain consumer's acceptance of recommendations (dependent variables, hit rate of recommended items). The model is intuitive to understand and easy to use in that the equation consists of the commonly used measures for ARM and can be used in the estimation of hit rates. The experiment using transaction data from one of the Korea's largest online shopping malls was conducted to show that the proposed model can improve the hit rates of recommendations. From the top of the list to 13th place, recommended items in the higher rakings from the proposed model show the higher hit rates than those from the competitive model's. The result shows that the proposed model's performance is superior to the competitive model's in online recommendation environment. In a web page, consumers are provided around ten recommendations with which the proposed model outperforms. Moreover, a mobile device cannot expose many items simultaneously due to its limited screen size. Therefore, the result shows that the newly devised recommendation technique is suitable for the mobile recommender systems. While this study has been conducted to cover the cross-selling in online shopping malls that handle merchandise, the proposed method can be expected to be applied in various situations under which association rules apply. For example, this model can be applied to medical diagnostic systems that predict candidate diseases from a patient's symptoms. To increase the efficiency of the model, additional variables will need to be considered for the elaboration of the model in future studies. For example, price can be a good candidate for an explanatory variable because it has a major impact on consumer purchase decisions. If the prices of recommended items are much higher than the items in which a consumer is interested, the consumer may hesitate to accept the recommendations.

A Study on Developing Web based Logistic Information System(KT-Logis) (웹 기반 통합물류정보시스템(KT-Logis) 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 오상호;김태준
    • Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
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    • 2001.11b
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    • pp.125-141
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, the current problems of logistics industry in Korea and their possible solutions were discussed. With Korea Telecoms KT-Logis, the supplier and demander of logistics service would not have to invest large sum of money into their computer system. All they need is just a computer with internet connected. What KT-Logis influence on the logistics industry are the following; 1. Many logistics service supplier and demander can do the business on the web with one computer system. 2. This web based computer system does not only work on the office but also apply on the field worker such as delivery personnel or even the forwarder with mobile phone. 3. KT-Logis is an integrated system which cover the broad arrange of logistics management from truck management to customer relations management. 4. Finally, KT-Logis is web based systems which suits for current e-business and mobile environment. In future, more studies should be done to develop more progressive integrated logistics information systems with enterprise resource planning(ERP) and supply chain management(SCM).

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Mineral Phase Transitions of Jarosite Substituted by Oxyanions during the Reductive Dissolution Using Oxalate Solution (옥살레이트 용액을 이용한 환원성 용해 시 산화음이온으로 치환된 자로사이트의 광물 상변화)

  • Lee, Myoungsin;Lee, Dongho;Chun, Herin;Kim, Yeongkyoo;Baek, YoungDoo
    • Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.95-106
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    • 2021
  • The SO4 in the jarosite structure can be substituted by other oxyanions, and therefore, the transition of jarosite to goethite plays a very important role in controlling the behavior of oxyanions. In this study, the phase change according to the species of the oxyanion in jarosite and the related behavior of the oxyanion was studied by mineralogical and geochemical methods when jarosite, which is coprecipitated with various oxynions, undergoes a phase change by a reductive dissolution. Jarosite substituted by five oxyanions by 5 mol% was used in this study. The mineral phase change induced by reductive dissolution using ammonium oxalate was investigated, and the order of phase transition rate of jarosite to goethite was MoO4-jarosite ≥ SeO4-jarosite ≥ CrO4-jarosite > pure jarosite > SeO3-jarosite > AsO4-jarosite, showing that the transition rates vary depending on the substituted oxyanion. The resultant concentration of the leached Fe was slightly different depending on the type of oxyanion and time but did not show a noticeable difference. The concentration of each oxyanion leached according to the change of the mineral phase showed that the order of concentration of oxyanions was Mo > Se(SeO3) > As > Se(SeO4) > Cr in general, and showed a slight increase with time. This trend was related to the species of oxyanions rather than mineral phase change. The results of this study showed that the phase transition of jarosite to goethite was affected by the species of oxyanions, but this tendency did not affect the concentrations leached oxyanions.

Mixed Micellar Properties of Sodium n-Octanoate(SOC) with n-Octylammonium Chloride(OAC) in Aqueous Solution (Sodium n-Octanoate(SOC)와 n-Octylammonium Chloride(OAC)의 혼합마이셀화에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Byeong Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.495-501
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    • 2002
  • The critical micelle concentration(CMC) and the counterion binding constant(B) for the mixed micel-lization of sodium n-octanoate(SOC) with n-octylammonium chloride(OAC) were determined as a function of the overall mole fraction of $SOC({\alpha}_1).$ Various thermodynamic parameters($x_i$, $Y_i$, $C_i$, $${\alpha}_i^M$$, and $\Delta$$H_{mix}$) for the mixed micellization of the SOC/OAC systems have been calculated and analyzed by means of the equations derived from the nonideal mixed micellar model. The results show that there are great deviations from the ideal behavior for the mixed micellization of these systems. And other thermodynamic parameters(${\Delta}$$G^0_m$, ${\Delta}$$H^0_m$, and ${\Delta}$$S^0_m$) associated with the micellization of SOC,OAC, and their $mixture({\alpha}_1=0.5)$ have been also estimated from the temperature dependence of CMC and B values, and the significance of these parameters and their relation to the theory of the micelle formation have been considered and analyzed by comparing each other.

Cavitation suppression through the modification of spectral characteristics in the field of high intensity focused ultrasound (주파수 특성 변환을 통한 고강도 집속형 초음파 공동 현상의 억제)

  • 최민주
    • Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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    • 1998.06c
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    • pp.449-454
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    • 1998
  • 전립선 비대증 및 각종 고형암 조직을 제거하기 위해 이용되는 고강도 집속형 초음파 시스템은 초음파의 조직에 대한 열 효과를 이용한다. 이 경우 수MPa의 고 압력 초음파를 사용하기 때문에 수술시 초음파에 의한 조직내의 공동 현상이 수반되고 이로 인해 초음파의 집속 효과가 감소하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 초음파 공동 현상을 억제하기 위하여 초음파의 주파수 특성을 고려하였다. 초음파의 크기는 일정하게 유지하면서 증가하는 주파수로 변조된 초음파와 비선형 고저파 (nonlinear harmonics) 성분을 포함한 왜곡된 초음파에 대한 기포의 반응을 Gilmore 기포 모델을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 초음파의 주파수 변조는 10 $\mu\textrm{s}$ 동안 초기 주파수 1 MHz부터 시작하여 7 MHz까지 선형적으로 증가하도록 하였다. 파형을 왜곡시키는 고저파 성분의 크기는 주파수에 역 비례 하도록 하였다. 초음파의 기본 주파수는 1 MHz로 하였고, 압력은 0.1 MPa과 1 MPa의 두 경우를 고려하였다. 초기 기포의 반경은 1 $\mu\textrm{m}$으로 하였고, 기포 주위의 유체는 물로 가정하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과로부터, 주파수를 변조시키거나 파형을 왜곡시킨 초음파에 대한 기포의 진동은, 동일한 압력의 정현파에 대한 경우 보다 작은 것으로 나타났다. 주파수 변조된 초음파에 반응한 기포의 진동은 압력이 낮을 때 (0.1 MPa), 변조된 주파수가 기포의 공진 주파수인 3 MHz 부근에서 최대치를 보이다가 이후 급격히 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 반면, 압력이 높아지면 (1 MPa) 기포의 진동은 주파수의 증가와 함께 감소하다가 3 MHz 이상으로 변조 될 경우, 유의한 변화를 보이지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 초음파의 적절한 주파수 성분 조절로 초음파 공동 현상을 일정 수준 억제할 수 있음을 시사한다. 고려가 수반되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 다음 내용을 정리해 보고자 한다.리해 보고자 한다.rc$ 구입할 때 중점적으로 살펴보는 사항은 신선도와 순수재래종 여부, 위생상태였다. 한편 소비자가 언제나 구입할 수 없다는 의견이 85.2%나 되어 원활한 공급과 시장조성이 아직 정착되지 않고 있었다. $\bigcirc$ 현재 유통되고 있는 재래종닭은 소비자 대부분이 잡종으로 인식하고 있었으며, 재래종과 일반육계와의 구별은 깃털색, 피부색, 정강이색등 외관상으로 구별하고 있었다. 체중에 대한 반응은 너무 작다는 의견이었고, 식품으로의 인식도는 비교적 고급식품으로 인식하고 있다. $\bigcirc$ 재래종닭고기의 브랜드화에 대한 견해는 젊고 소득이 높은 계층에서 브랜드화의 필요성을 강조하고 있다. $\bigcirc$ 재래종달걀의 소비형태는 대부분의 소비자가 좋아하였으나 아직 먹어보지 못한 응답자가 많았다. 재래종달걀의 맛에 대해서는 고소하고 독특하여 차별성을 느끼고 있었다. $\bigcirc$ 재래종달걀의 구입장소는 계란판매점(축협.농협), 슈퍼, 백화점, 재래닭 사육 농장등 다양하였으며 포장단위는 10개를 가장 선호하였고, 포장재료는 종이, 플라스틱, 짚의 순으로 좋아하였다. $\bigcirc$ 달걀의 가격은 200원정도를 적정하다고 하였으며, 크기는 (평균 52g)는 가장 적당하다고 인식하고 있으며, 난각색은 대부분의 응답자가 갈색을 선호하였다. $\bigcirc$ 재래종달걀의 구입시 애로사항은 믿을수 없고, 구입장소를 몰라서, 값이 싸다 등이었고, 앞으로 신뢰할 수 있고 위생적인 생산 및 유통체계가 확립될 경우 더 많이 소비하겠다는 의견이었다. $\bigcirc$ 재래닭 판매업소(식당)의 판매형태는 66.7%인 대부분

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