• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.183-183
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• 2022

최근 몇 년 동안 기후변화에 대응하기 위한 탄소중립 혹은 저탄소 운영의 중요성이 강조되어왔다. 상수도 관망은 직접적인 탄소 배출 시설물은 아니지만, 상수도 관망의 운영 그리고 구성요소의 제조부터 폐기까지의 전 생애주기 동안 막대한 양의 에너지를 사용하는데, 이러한 에너지의사용이 탄소 배출에 간접적인 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 수자원공사에 따르면, '17년 기준 수도사업 관련 전기 사용에 따른 간접 배출이 70만tCO2eq에 이르는 것으로 보고되고 있어, 에너지의 효율적인 운영 및 자산관리 체계의 필요성이 커지고 있는 실정이다. 상수도 관망의 에너지 효율에 영향을 주는 요인은 크게 구성요소의 노후와 누수로 구분할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 상수도 관망 관로 별 노후와 누수 여부를 판단하여 교체 전략을 수립할 수 있는 자산관리 모형을 제안하고 관로별 에너지 효율을 시각화하여 전반적인 자산관리에 근거를 제시하고자 한다. 모형은 최적화 기법을 통한 관로별 기능적 노후도 산정 및 누수 탐지, 관만 내 누수 지역화, 에너지 효율 시각화 등 총 3개의 모듈로 구성되어 있다. 제안한 모형은 고도의 차이가 큰 국내 D시 가상 관망에 적용하였다. 해당 관망에 다양한 관로의 노후 및 누수 상황을 가정하여 가상의 데이터를 생성하고 이를 토대로 관로별 기능적 노후와 누수 조건을 고려하여 해당 모형을 검증한다. 또한, 노후와 누수에 따른 가상 상황별 관로의 자산관리 의사결정 예시를 제공하여 향후 모형의 활용에 대한 가이드 라인을 제시한다. 마지막으로 관망 내 설치된 감압밸브를 터빈으로 전환하여 관망 운영 단계에서 무의미하게 소산되는 열에너지를 회수하는 방안을 검증하였다. 최적화 기법을 통해 비용 대비 최적 터빈 설치 지역을 선정하였고 향후 터빈 설치에 고려해야 할 사항을 정리한다. 본 연구에서의 결과는 향후 종합적인 저탄소형 상수도 관망을 위한 초석을 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.54-54
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• 2010

In this study, the correlation between temperature and the gel-content of the module were analyzed through experiments. Amorphous thin-film solar cell used in this experiment has a visible light transmission performance of 10%. In addition, ethylene vinyl acetate(EVA) film and the clear glass have been used for the modulation. The most important process is to laminate the module in the manufacturing process of BIPV(Building integrated photovoltaic) module. Setting parameters of laminator in the lamination process are temperature, pressure and time. Setting conditions significantly affect the durability, watertightness and airtightness of module. The most important factor in the setting parameters is temperature to satisfy the gel-contents. The bottom and top surface temperature of module are measured according to setting temperature of laminator. The results showed $145^{\circ}C$ of max temperature of the bottom surface and $128^{\circ}C$ of max temperature of top surface on the module at the temperature condition of $160^{\circ}C$. And at the another temperature condition of laminator with $150^{\circ}C$, the max temperature do bottom and top are $117^{\circ}C$ and $134^{\circ}C$ respectively. The temperature difference between bottom and top of the module occurred, that is because heat has been blocked by the clear glass and the bottom of the cells absorb the heat from the laminator. In this particular, the temperature difference between setting temperature of the laminator and the surface temperature of the module showed $15^{\circ}C$, because the heat of laminator plate is transferred to the surface of the module and heat is lost at this time. As a results, gel-content showed 94.8%, 88.7% and 81.7% respectively according to the setting temperature $155^{\circ}C$, $150^{\circ}C$ and $145^{\circ}C$ of the laminator. In conclusion, the surface temperature of module increases, the gel-contents is relatively increased. But if the laminator plate temperature is too high, the gel-content shows rather decline in performance. Furthermore, the temperature difference between setting temperature and the surface temperature of the module is affected by laminating machine itself and the temperature of module should be considered when setting the laminator.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.67-72
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• 2015

A study on thermal properties for a single-layer metal and a 2-ply metal (clad metals) was investigated for the application of heat sink. For the single-layer metal, a stainless steel (STS) and an aluminum (Al) were selected. Also, a roll bonded clad metal with STS and Al was chosen for the 2-ply metal. The thermal conductivity of the sample was obtained from the thermal diffusivity measured by the light flash analysis (LFA), specific heat and density. Measured thermal property values were compared with the calculated values using the data from the references. For the single-layer metal, measured values for the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity were smaller than calculated values. Differences between measured and calculated values were about 6% and 18% for the STS and Al samples, respectively. For the clad metals, however, a large difference (55%) was observed. Here, a relatively small thermal conductivity measured by LFA was due to the existence of a interface between STS and Al in the clad metal. Such a interface reduces the moving velocity of free electrons and phonons in the clad metal. For the development of a high performance heat-issipation module with the multi-layer structure, the control of interface properties which determine thermal properties was confirmed to be important.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.152-162
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• 2017

A hydrophilic coating solution was prepared by adding a silane coupling agent and a nano-inorganic oxide in aqueous surfactant solution to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation due to the introduction of antifogging and antifouling properties on the glass surface of the solar cell module. Addition of $Ludox^{(R)}$, a nano-inorganic oxide, to 1% hydrophilic coating solution showed improved hydrophilicity and excellent antifogging effect regardless of $Ludox^{(R)}$ concentration. However, the antifouling effect on the glass surface was showed only when Ludox was added more than 10%. In the case of addition of 0.7% of hydrolyzed TEOS at pH 4, the antifogging effect was maintained as a result of the steam test as well as the antifouling effect even after the coated glass surface was rubbed 100 times with a wet Kimwipe. In addition, from the surface roughness ($R_q$) calculated using AFM data, the higher surface roughness with irregular surface shape was obtained with the higher concentration of TEOS. The addition of 0.7% of TEOS showed relatively high surface roughness and well organized surface condition which can help to improve transmittance of light. In conclusion, $Ludox^{(R)}$ is not required only for the antifogging property. However, at least 10% of Ludox should be added to show antifouling effect and 0.7% of TEOS should be added for good durability.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.114-121
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to understand a compressive strength and propose a dry shrinkage strain equation being able to predict dry shrinkage of alkali-activated materials(AAM) mortar samples manufactured using fly-ash(FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBFS). The main parameters investigated were the GGBFS replace ratios(30, 50, 70 and 100%) and sodium silicate modules(Ms[$SiO_2/Na_2O$] 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0). The compressive strength of AAM increased with increases GGBFS replace ratios or Ms contents. The dry shrinkage strain of AAM decreased with increases Ms contents. But, the dry shrinkage strain of AAM increased as the GGBFS replace ratio increases. Therefore, the GGBFS replace ratio seems to have very significant and important consequences for the mix design of the AAM mortar. The results indicated the R-square of single regression analysis based on each mix properties was the highest value; 0.7539~0.9786(average 0.9359). And the presumption equation of dry shrinkage strain with all variables(GGBFS, Ms and material age) has higher accuracy and its R-square was 0.8020 at initial curing temperature 23 degrees Celsius and 0.8018 at initial curuing temperature 70 degrees Celsius.

• Proceedings of the Society of Korea Industrial and System Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.413-419
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 품질경영시스템의 ISO 9000:2000/KS A 9000:2001 개정 규격 내용 및 요구사항을 살펴보는 한편, 우리나라 중소기업이 전환규격을 적용하는데 있어서 ERP PACKAGE를 이용하여 효과적인 품질경영시스템 구축 방안을 제시하기 위함이다. 본 연구에서는 업무 PROCESS와 품질 기록을 중심으로 ISO 9000:2000/KS A 9000:2001 개정 규격을 ERP PACKAGE에 접목하는 방법을 도출하였으며, 적용 사례로서 기계 제조업체의 구매업무를 중심으로 품질경영시스템 구축방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정형화된 업무 체계를 갖추어 업무 담당자간 혹은 부서간의 업무 마찰을 줄이고 여러부서에서 발생하는 업부 DATA를 중앙집중식으로 공유하여 동일한 DATA의 수집과 작성에 중복성을 최소화하는 등에서 업무의 효과가 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. 둘째, ERP PACKAGE를 이용한 품질경영시스템(ISO 9000:2000/KS A 9000:2001)의 효과적인 추진 방안은 다음과 같다 1) 전환 규격의 충분한 이해가 요구된다. 2) 현재의 업무 프로세스를 파악한 후 ERP PACKAGE에서 제공하는 개선된 업무프로세스를 적용하는 것이 필요하다. 3) 개선된 업무 프로세스의 실행 결과를 ERP PACKAGE 모듈에서 품질기록으로 유지한다. 4) 새로운 품질경영 정보 시스템을 업무 전반에 적용하기 위한 기업인프라 구축과 프로세스에 대한 지속적인 개선이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 ISO 9000:2000/KS A 9000:2001 개정 규격요구사항을 이해하고 ERP PACKAGE를 이용하여 최초로 개정규격을 적용하거나, 전환규격으로 품질경영시스템을 구축 시 좀더 효과적이고 효율적인 품질경영시스템을 구축하는데 업무지침으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.의 수와 생존율면에서 볼 때 가장 적합한 것으로 사료되었다./TEX>개월 투여하게 되면 HDL 콜레스테롤 양이 현저히 증가하였으며, 총 콜레스테롤 양, 동맥경화지표, 중성지방, 유리지방산, 과산화지방은 현 저히 감소하였다.- 결론 - 홍삼과 진세노사이드는 사람과 흰쥐에 있어 과지혈증을 호전시켰다. 실험적으로 과지혈증을 유발시킨 흰쥐에서, 혈중 아포단백질, 지방단백질 및 프로스타글란딘 상호성을 개선시켰다.었다.xA_{2}$ synthetase 억제제인 imidazole의 효과와 유사하였다. 4. G-Re는 $1{\times}10^{-5}g/ml$ 이하의 농도에서는 효과가 없으나 $1{\times}10^{-4}g/ml$ 이상의 농도에서 농도의존적으로 유의성 있는 $PGE_{2},\;PGF_{2}{\alpha},\;TXB_{2}$의 생성억제와 함께 6-keto-$PGF_{1}{\alpha}$ 증가를 보였다. 이는 prostacyclin synthetase를 자극하는 serotonin의 효과와 같은 작용으로서 prostacyclin synthetase 억제제인 tranylcypromine에 대하여 길항효과를 보였다. 5. $TxB_{2}$생성억제 작용을 나타내는 ginsenoside들의 효과를 뒷받침하기 위하여 인삼 saponin 성분을 전처치한 patelet rich plasma에서 혈소판 응집시험 결과, ADP로 유도된 혈소판 응집반응에는 모든 인삼 saponin 성분들이 효과가 없었으나 arachidonic acid로 유도된 혈소판 응집반응에는 $G-Rb_{2}$, G-Rc, G-Re의 순으로 농도 의존적인 억제현상을 보였다. 이상의 결과와 같이 인삼 saponin 성분들은

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

In this study, $CO_2$ adsorbent was developed for removing low concentration of $CO_2$ in multiple-use facilities. The efficiency of the adsorbent which was improved selective $CO_2$ adsorption capabilities was evaluated. The pellet type adsorbent was modified from a commercial zeolite with mixing LiOH, binder, additives, and $H_2O$. Column tests showed over 90 % of $CO_2$ was adsorbed within 400min. Chamber tests including batch and continuous types were performed for evaluating the adsorbent module. By batch tests, it was evaluated that about 92% of $CO_2$ was removed within 30 min. By continuous tests, 70% of $CO_2$ was removed within 30 min. It was analyzed that over 2,500 ppm of $CO_2$ was continuously removed as shown chamber tests. The reproducibility tests repeatedly performed for 15 days shows that over 1,000 ppm of $CO_2$ was continuously removed. Adsorption capacity of the developed adsorbent was 5.0mmol $CO_2/g$ adsorbent which was analyzed by TGA. It was estimated that the modified adsorbent was applicable to low $CO_2$ concentration and low temperature of indoor environment.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.223-240
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• 2013

RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) is use of an RFID tag applied to object for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves. Recently, it is being actively researched and introduced in logistics and manufacturing. RFID portals in supply chains are meant to identify all the tags within a given interrogation zone. Hence the hardware and software mechanisms for RFID tag identification mostly focus on successful read of multiple tags simultaneously. Such mechanisms, however, are inefficient for determining moving direction of tags, sequence of consecutive tags, and validity of the tag reads from the viewpoint of workflow. These types of problems usually cause many difficulties in RFID portal implementation in manufacturing environment, there by having RFID-system developers waste a considerable amount of time. In this research, we designated an RFID portal system with SDO(Sequence, Direction, and Object-flow)-perception capability by using fundamental data supplied by ordinary RFID readers. Using our work, RFID system developers can save a great amount of time building RFID data-capturing applications in manufacturing environment.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose an image generator for OLED panel test that can compensate for color coordinates and luminance by using panel defect inspection and optical measurement while displaying images on OLED panel. The proposed image generator consists of two processes: the image generation process and the process of compensating color coordinates and luminance using optical measurement. In the image generating process, the panel is set to receive the panel information to drive the panel, and the image is output by adjusting the output setting of the image generator according to the panel information. The output form of the image is configured by digital RGB method. The pattern generation algorithm inside the image generator outputs color and gray image data by transmitting color data to a 24-bit data line based on a synchronization signal according to the resolution of the panel. The process of compensating color coordinates and luminance using optical measurement outputs an image to an OLED panel in an image generator, and compensates for a portion where color coordinates and luminance data measured by an optical module differ from reference data. To evaluate the accuracy of the image generator for the OLED panel test proposed in this paper, Xilinx's Spartan 6 series XC6SLX25-FG484 FPGA was used and the design tool was ISE 14.5. The output of the image generation process was confirmed that the target setting value and the simulation result value for the digital RGB output using the oscilloscope matched. Compensating the color coordinates and luminance using optical measurements showed accuracy within the error rate suggested by the panel manufacturer.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.94-101
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• 2016

This paper presents an investigation into the durability alkali-activated materials(AAM) mortar and paste samples manufactured using fly-ash(FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBFS) exposed to a sulfate environment with different GGBFS replace ratios(0, 30, 50 and 100%), sodium silicate modules($Ms[SiO_2/Na_2O]$ 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0) and initial curing temperatures($23^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$). The tests involved immersions for a period of 6 months into 10% solutions of sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate. The evolution of compressive strength, weight, length expansion and microstructural observation such as x-ray diffraction were studied. As a results, as higher GGBFS replace ratio or Ms shown higher compressive strengths on 28 days. In case of immersed in 10% sodium sulfate solution, the samples shows increase in long-term strength. However, for samples immersed in magnesium sulfate solutions, the general observation was that the compressive strength decreased after immersion. The most drastic reduction of compressive strength and expansion of weight and length occurred when GGBFS or Ms ratios were higher. Also, the XRD analysis of samples immersed in magnesium sulfate indicated that expansion of AAM caused by gypsum($CaSO_4{\cdot}2H_2O$); the gypsum increased up to 6 months continuously.