• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.211-220
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• 2019

It helps to wisely abstain from errors of the a priori subjective emotions related to human emotions, and orders emotions to make rational choices. These emotional happiness of human and moral sensitivities work directly or indirectly in rational choice of rational thought and reason. Abraham would have been troubled by the divine mandate to sacrifice a son who was only one, and a son who had been healed. Was his reason reasonable at this time? In rational reason, it can be said that the act of dedicating his son is an appropriate act, but is it possible in the human mind? Aristoteles also called human virtue virtue in good for human beings. Because happiness is also a mental activity, we have to know a certain degree about the mind. This ψυχή(psyche, spirit) spirit is an irrational element that is invisible but an intervention in rational principles. Also C. G. Jung states that all human beings have four dynamic psychological functions that are not visible, and that the mind is driven by these four functional dimensions. This means that the elements of S, Sensing, N, Intuition, T, Thinking, and Feeling are combined. David Hume also emphasized the principle of empathy, asserting that morality can not be derived from reason, and Max Ferdinand Scheler, before grasping the visual characteristics of a person, has already captured the whole feeling of the person, And that the value given to this feeling is the value, and that the function of emotion that is elevated to the perceived object by grasping the value through this process and the value is always preceded by the reason. Emmanuel Levinas states that emotional emotions of love are ahead of reason and that emotions precede human reasoning and rationality is the inability of emotional control that we need rational thought and rational and wise action as reason of control and temperance. As part of human emotional education, in the 7th curriculum, Bloom's cognitive, perceptive, and behavioral domain, which is a person with integrated thinking, is trying to be a moral practitioner. It focuses on how to act according to the direction of emotions for virtuous acts and how to develop emotions for emotions on behalf of vicious acts. We can design the possibility and direction of cultivating human emotions and emotional happiness and happy sensitivities by the principle of strengthening virtue and the principle of elimination of ill feeling.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.225-285
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• 2017

In regard to the regulations related to the RPA(Remotely Piloted Aircraft), which is sometimes called in other countries as UA(Unmanned Aircraft), ICAO stipulates the regulations in the 'RPAS manual (2015)' in detail based on the 'Chicago Convention' in 1944, and enacts provisions for the Rules of UAS or RPAS. Other contries stipulates them such as the Federal Airline Rules (14 CFR), Public Law (112-95) in the United States, the Air Transport Act, Air Transport Order, Air Transport Authorization Order (through revision in "Regulations to operating Rules on unmanned aerial System") based on EASA Regulation (EC) No.216/2008 in the case of unmanned aircaft under 150kg in Germany, and Civil Aviation Act (CAA 1998), Civil Aviation Act 101 (CASR Part 101) in Australia. Commonly, these laws exclude the model aircraft for leisure purpose and require pilots on the ground, not onboard aricraft, capable of controlling RPA. The laws also require that all managements necessary to operate RPA and pilots safely and efficiently under the structure of the unmanned aircraft system within the scope of the regulations. Each country classifies the RPA as an aircraft less than 25kg. Australia and Germany further break down the RPA at a lower weight. ICAO stipulates all general aviation operations, including commercial operation, in accordance with Annex 6 of the Chicago Convention, and it also applies to RPAs operations. However, passenger transportation using RPAs is excluded. If the operational scope of the RPAs includes the airspace of another country, the special permission of the relevant country shall be required 7 days before the flight date with detail flight plan submitted. In accordance with Federal Aviation Regulation 107 in the United States, a small non-leisure RPA may be operated within line-of-sight of a responsible navigator or observer during the day in the speed range up to 161 km/hr (87 knots) and to the height up to 122 m (400 ft) from surface or water. RPA must yield flight path to other aircraft, and is prohibited to load dangerous materials or to operate more than two RPAs at the same time. In Germany, the regulations on UAS except for leisure and sports provide duty to avoidance of airborne collisions and other provisions related to ground safety and individual privacy. Although commercial UAS of 5 kg or less can be freely operated without approval by relaxing the existing regulatory requirements, all the UAS regardless of the weight must be operated below an altitude of 100 meters with continuous monitoring and pilot control. Australia was the first country to regulate unmanned aircraft in 2001, and its regulations have impacts on the unmanned aircraft laws of ICAO, FAA, and EASA. In order to improve the utiliity of unmanned aircraft which is considered to be low risk, the regulation conditions were relaxed through the revision in 2016 by adding the concept "Excluded RPA". In the case of excluded RPA, it can be operated without special permission even for commercial purpose. Furthermore, disscussions on a new standard manual is being conducted for further flexibility of the current regulations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.155-166
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• 2002

Since 1990s. there has been an increasing number of traffic accidents at intersection. which requires more urgent measures to insure safety on intersection. This study set out to analyze the road conditions, traffic conditions and traffic operation conditions on signalized intersection. to identify the elements that would impose obstructions in safety, and to develop a traffic accident prediction model to evaluate the safety of an intersection using the cop relation between the elements and an accident. In addition, the focus was made on suggesting appropriate traffic safety policies by dealing with the danger elements in advance and on enhancing the safety on the intersection in developing a traffic accident prediction model fir a signalized intersection. The data for the study was collected at an intersection located in Wonju city from January to December 2001. It consisted of the number of accidents, the road conditions, the traffic conditions, and the traffic operation conditions at the intersection. The collected data was first statistically analyzed and then the results identified the elements that had close correlations with accidents. They included the area pattern, the use of land, the bus stopping activities, the parking and stopping activities on the road, the total volume, the turning volume, the number of lanes, the width of the road, the intersection area, the cycle, the sight distance, and the turning radius. These elements were used in the second correlation analysis. The significant level was 95% or higher in all of them. There were few correlations between independent variables. The variables that affected the accident rate were the number of lanes, the turning radius, the sight distance and the cycle, which were used to develop a traffic accident prediction model formula considering their distribution. The model formula was compared with a general linear regression model in accuracy. In addition, the statistics of domestic accidents were investigated to analyze the distribution of the accidents and to classify intersections according to the risk level. Finally, the results were applied to the Spearman-rank correlation coefficient to see if the model was appropriate. As a result, the coefficient of determination was highly significant with the value of 0.985 and the ranks among the intersections according to the risk level were appropriate too. The actual number of accidents and the predicted ones were compared in terms of the risk level and they were about the same in the risk level for 80% of the intersections.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.373-388
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• 2003

The investigation on the rock discontinuity geometry has been usually undergone by direct measurement on the rock exposures. But this sort of field work has disadvantages, which we, for example, restriction of surveying areas and consuming excessive times and labors. To cover these kinds of disadvantages, image processing could be regarded as an altemative way, with additional advantages such as automatic and objective tools when used under adequate computerized algorithm. This study was focused on the recognition of the rock discontinuities captured in the image of rock exposure by digital camera and the production of the discontinuity map automatically. The whole process was written using macro commands builtin image analyzer, ImagePro Plus. ver 4.1(Media Cybernetic). The procedure of image processing developed in this research could be divided with three steps, which are enhancement, recognition and extraction of discontinuity traces from the digital image. Enhancement contains combining and applying several filters to remove and relieve various types of noises from the image of rock surface. For the next step, recognition of discontinuity traces was executed. It used local topographic features characterized by the differences of gray scales between discontinuity and rock. Such segments of discontinuity traces extracted from the image were reformulated using an algorithm of computer decision-making criteria and linked to form complete discontinuity traces. To verify the image processing algorithms and their sequences developed in this research, discontinuity traces digitally photographed on the rock slope were analyzed. The result showed about 75～80% of discontinuities could be detected. It is thought to be necessary that the algorithms and computer codes developed in this research need to be advanced further especially in combining digital filters to produce images to be more acceptable for extraction of discontinuity traces and setting seed pixels automatically when linking trace segments to make a complete discontinuity trace.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.31-41
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• 2009

Under the Korea Building Act, anyone planning to build a building or buildings on a site over $200m^2$ must plant plants over a specific area. In large scale development this rule is adhered to well, but such is not the case in small scale development. Therefore, special attention must be given to small scale development. Thus, the purpose of this research is to analyze the current situation and practice of planting at small scale development sites in Seoul, and then suggest policies for improving them. In this study using the data covering Seongbuk-Gu and Gangnam-Gu, which was surveyed in 2002, the current situation and practice of planting at small scale development sites was analyzed. After a questionnaire survey was conducted with government officers and building owners, the same analysis was made. Then the policies for improvement were extracted. The results are as follows: 1. In superordinate planning stage, because the minimum standards are too low, those must be strengthened. Any district plan does not control planting in private building lots. This requests active application of planting in private building lots as a design control measure in district planning. 2. In the building design stage, there are no guidelines. The obligation of building set-back between adjacent buildings by the Korean Building Act produces mass shaded and inferior planting beds. The act also is blocking landscape architects' participation in small scale development. And wall installations deteriorate the streetscape and growth of plants with shading. Therefore guidelines must be made. 3. In each stage of the building permit, the permit for building completion, and maintenance the Korean Building Act is blocking landscape architects' participation in small scale development, so the planting plan is completely handled by nonprofessional persons. Therefore, the act should be amended in order to make way for landscape architects' participation in each stage of the small scale development process.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.363-375
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• 2013

Today, a shortage of the skilled operator has been intensified gradually and the necessity of an earthwork in extreme environment operators are difficult to access is increasing for the purpose of resource development and new living space creation. For this reason, an effort to develop an unmanned excavation robot for fully automated earthwork system is continuing globally. In Korea, a research consortium called 'Intelligent Excavation System' has been formed since 2006 as a part of Construction Technology Innovation Program of Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs of Korea. Among detailed technologies of the Task Planning System is one of the core technologies of IES, this paper explains research and development process of the Local Area Design Module, which provides informatization unit to create automated excavators' work command information at operation level such as location, range, target, and sequence for excavation work. Designing of Local Area should be considered various influential factors such as excavator's specification, working mechanism, heuristics, and structural stability to create work plan guaranteed safety and effectiveness. For this research, conceptual and detail design of the Local Area is performed for analyzing design element and variable, and quantization method of design specification corresponding with heuristics and structural safety is generated. Finally, module is developed through constructed algorithm and developed module is verified.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2011

In this study, an optimization method using multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA) has been proposed to develop a fuzzy control algorithm that can effectively control a smart tuned mass damper(TMD). A 76-story benchmark building subjected to wind load was selected as an example structure. The smart TMD consists of 100kN MR damper and the natural period of the smart TMD was tuned to the first mode natural period of the example structure. Damping force of MR damper is controlled to reduce the wind-induced responses of the example structure by a fuzzy logic controller. Two input variables of the fuzzy logic controller are the acceleration of 75th floor and the displacement of the smart TMD and the output variable is the command voltage sent to MR damper. Multi-objective genetic algorithm(NSGA-II) was used for optimization of the fuzzy logic controller and the acceleration of 75th story and the displacement of the smart TMD were used as objective function. After optimization, a series of fuzzy logic controllers which could appropriately reduce both wind responses of the building and smart TMD were obtained. Based on numerical results, it has been shown that the control performance of the smart TMD is much better than that of the passive TMD and it is even better than that of the sample active TMD in some cases.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.104-115
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• 2002

Core is the main component of inductor. This core should be classified into around 10 classes according to the value of inductance and Q. The coil should be winded with the outer-boundary of this core by different number of turns. Theses kind of precise inductors would be required in the future environment which PCs and communication devices demand more high speed and lower voltage level. It would be quite unefficient that only one core is classified once a time. There, it will be developed so that 10 cores are classified simultaneously. For the operation of classifying 10 cores once in a time, suppose 10 test instruments could be used. In this case, it would take much cost since a test instrument Is expensive. So, by using only one test instrument, it is really more desirable that this system is developed. Each core classified by 10 different classes is to be stored into the corresponding box through the corresponding rubber hose. 10 cores are passed on a serial line and are placed on each testing slot. Here, each core located at each slot is tested, and then the bowl located on the top of a step motor is moved into the corresponding spot by rotating step motor with some angles. Each bowl connected with the corresponding box through rubber hose. Actually 100 hoses are connected, 10 step motors are rotated at 10 different angles, so the size is really so big, the shape of connecting 100 hoses is so complicated. Therefore it is anticipated that the system would be going to be easily out of ordered. In this paper the main purpose is to make several suggestions to be able to work well in these kinds of being affected by the abnormal operation of motors and the flow of cores.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.99-113
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• 2020

In the future, robots and drones for the convenience of our lives in everyday life will increase. As a method for controlling this, a remote control or a human voice method is most commonly used. However, the remote control needs to be operated by a person and can not ignore ambient noise in the case of voice. In this paper, we propose an economical attitude information acquisition method to accurately acquire the posture information of the arm in real time under the assumption that the surround drones or robots can be controlled wirelessly with the posture information of the arm. For this purpose, the extended Kalman filter was used to eliminate the noise of the arm position information. in order to detect the arm movement, a low cost MEMS type sensor was applied to secure the economical efficiency of the apparatus. To increase the wear ability of the arm, We developed a compact and lightweight attitude information acquisition system by integrating all functions into one chip as much as possible. As a result, the real-time performance of 1 ms was secured and the extended Kalman filter was applied to acquire the accurate attitude information of the arm with noise removed and display the attitude information of the arm in real time. This provides a basis for generating commands using real-time attitude information of the arm.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.108-113
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• 2017

The OBCP called 'operator on board' is that of a procedure to be executed on-board, which can be easily be loaded, executed, and also replaced, without modifying the remainder of the FSW. The use of OBCP enhances the on-board autonomy capabilities and increases the robustness to ground stations outages. The OBCP engine which is the core module of OBCP component in the FSW interprets and executes of the procedures based on script language written using a high-level language, possibly compiled, and it is relying on a virtual machine of the OBCP engine. FSW team in KARI has studied OBCP since 2010 as FSW team's internal projects, and made some OBCP engines such as Java KVM, RTCS/C and KKOMA on ERC32 processor target only for study. Recently we have been studying ESA's OBCP standard and implementing Lua and MicroPython on LEON2-FT/AT697F processor target as the OBCP engine. This paper presents the design and implementation of Lua for the OBCP engine on AT697F processor with VxWorks RTOS, and describes the evaluation result and performance of the OBCP engine.