• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.198-207
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• 1986

This study investigates interlaminar fracture characteristics of Graphite/Epoxy composite (HFG Graphite/Epoxy) under mode I (opening mode), mode II (sliding mode) and mixed mode loading conditions. The effects on interlaminar fracture toughness due to different fiber orientations on the crack surface are also investigated. The antisymmetric test fixture proposed by M. Arcan is used for this test. Both critical stress intensity foctors and critical energy release rates were determined and several mixed mode fracture criteria were compared to the experimental data. Also fracture surfaces were investigaed to obtain informations on the fracture behaviors of Graphite/Epoxy composite by means of a scanning electron microscope(SEM).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 2007

Mixed mode interlaminar fracture behaviors of carbon fabric/epoxy composites were investigated through MMF (Mixed Mode Flexural) test by varying mixed mode ratio ranging from 20% to 90%. Mixed mode interlaminar fracture criteria based on NL point and 5% offset point were also suggested in order to predict mixed mode interlaminar fracture behaviors. Fracture surfaces and crack propagating behaviors were examined through a travelling scope and a scanning electron microscope. According to the results, mixed mode interlaminar fracture behaviors can be predicted by mixed mode interlaminar fracture criterion with m=1.5 and n=0.5 on the basis of NL point or mixed mode interlaminar fracture criterion with m=2 and n=3 on the basis of 5% offset point. Fracture surfaces and crack propagating behaviors are sensitive to mixed mode ratios. MMF test can be successfully applicable in evaluating mixed mode interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fabric/epoxy composites.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1991.04a
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• pp.57-61
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• 1991

최근 차량의 고급화에 따라 차실 소음 저감에 대한 연구가 많이 수행되고 있다. 차실의 소음은 주로 엔진 또는 동력전달 장치의 진동과 도로의 요철로 생기는 차체의 진동으로부터 발생된다. 차실에서 20-200Hz의 저주파수대의 소음은 주로 차체 진동과의 연성 효과로 기인한다. 따라서 이 주파수영역에 있어서 소음의 특성을 파악하기 위해서는 차실의 음향 모우드 해석과 차체 구조물의 진동과 차실 음향 모우드의 상호관계를 고려한 구조-음향 연성 해 석이 필요하다. 차실의 음향 모우드 해석을 위해서는 실험적 방법과 유한 요 소법을 이용하는 방법이 있다. 유한 요소법을 이용하여 음향 특성을 결정하 는 경우, 큰 어려움은 없으나 밀폐된 공동에서 경계면을 이루는 구조물의 진 동에 의해 음이 발생되는 경우 단순히 공간의 음향 특성만으로는 음향 응답 을 예측할 수 없게 된다. 즉, 경계면에서 반사되는 반사파는 경계면의 탄성 변위에 의해 운동 특성이 변화되어 반사되므로 입사파와 다른 특성을 가지 게 된다. 따라서 이러한 구조 진동 특성과 음향 특성을 모두 고려한 연성 해 석을 수행하여야 하며, 음향 모우드와 구조 진동 모우드와의 연성에 의한 음 향 응답 특성을 결정하기 위한 수치 해석 프로그램을 개발하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 전.후 처리 및 사용자 편의성을 염두에 두고 차실소음해석 전용 프로그램(ACSTAP: Acoustical and structural, coupling analysis program) 을 작성하고 이를 실차에 적용하여 유용성을 보였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.911-920
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• 1989

It this study, beam-type bend specimen is used to evaluate the interlaminar fracture toughness of laminated composite under mixed-mode deformations. The specimen is loaded under three-point bending and hence produced mixed-mode deformations in the vicinity of the crack tip according to the variation of the thickness ratio on delamination plane. Total energy release rate is obtained by elementary beam theory considering the effect of shear deformation. The partitioning of total value into mode-I and mode-II components is also performed. The mixed-mode interlaminar fracture toughness is evaluated by experiments on specimens with several thickness ratios of delamination plane. As the part of delamination plane is thicker, the effect of shear deformation on total energy release rate is increased. Beam-type bend specimen men may be applied to obtain informations on the mixed-mode interlaminar fracture behavior of laminated composites.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.81-90
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• 2008

This paper presents a finite element formulation for the three-dimensional hierarchical solid element using Integrals of Legendre polynomials. The proposed hexahedral solid element is composed of four different modes including vertex, edge, face, and internal mode, respectively. The eigenvalue and patch test have been carried out to confirm the zero-energy mode and constant strain condition. In addition to these, a posteriori error estimation has been studied for the p-adaptive finite element analysis that is based on a smoothing technique to compute a post-processed solution from the finite element solution. The uniform p-refinement and non-uniform p-refinement are compared in terms of convergence rate as the number of degree of freedom is increased. The simple cantilever beam is tested to show the performance of the proposed solid element.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.4 s.23
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• pp.136-145
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• 2005

특이응력해석을 위한 일반화된 가역상반일 경계적분식이 섬유강화복합재를 모형화한 직교 이방성 크랙평판의 수치해를 위하여 발전시켰다. 이 적분방정식은 평판경계에서의 탄성변위와 트랙션의 변수로 구성된 경계적분식의 형태로 하중이 없다는 두 크랙면의 경계조건과 유한의 탄성변형에너지의 개념에서 경계적분식에 필요한 특성해를 규정하고 대응되는 보조해를 계산하였다. 대칭모우드 I형의 중앙원공크랙평판 및 복합모우드형의 반원편측크랙 일단고정평판의 응력확대계수가 임의의 섬유방향각에 따라서 계산되었다.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.309-316
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• 1993

We find the vectorial solution of the optical waveguide with semicircular cross-section by expanding the electromagnetic fields of the waveguide into the series of trigonometric and Bessel funtions and by applying the boundary conditions at the finitely selected points on the interface of the core and the cladding. We find also the propagation constants and the energy distributions of the eigenmodes and discuss its properties. As a result of computation, we find that the electromagnetic fields of the even modes about the symmetric axis of the semircular shape are nearly the same as those of the odd modes except that E and H of the odd modes are replaced by -H and E and that the even and odd modes are degenerated as the ratio of refractive index of the core and cladding approaches to 1.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.243-251
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• 1989

Assuming plastic zones spreading out on each slip plane of the two materials under out-of-plane shear loading, the size of each plastic zone is computed. The effect of the different frictional shear stresses in the two materials on the size of each plastic zone and the relative displacement at the crack tip are investigated. The relation between the J-integral in this model and the relative displacement at the crack tip is also obtained.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 1985

특이응력해석을 위한 일반화된 가역상반일 경계분식이 섬유강화복합재를 모형화한 직교 이방성 크랙평판의 수치해를 위하여 발전시켰다. 이 적분방정식은 평판경계에서의 탄성변위와 트랙션의 변수로 구성된 경계분식의 형태로 하중이 없다는 두 크랙면의 경계조건과 유한의 탄성변형에너지 의 개념에서 경계적 분식에 필요한 특성해를 규정하고 대응되는 보조해를 계산하였다. 직교이방 도를 달리한 중앙크랙평판의 응력확대계수를 계산하여 기존해와 비교하였다. 또한 대칭모우드 I 형의 양측크랙평판 및 복합모우드형 편측크랙 일단고정 평판의 응력확대계수가 임의의 섬유방향 각에 따라서 계산되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.260-267
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• 2002

For an elastically suspended rigid body with the planes of symmetry in a three dimensional space, a novel analysis fur the vibration modes is presented. From the decompositions of the stiffness and inertia matrices, the conditions for the existence of pure translation and pure couple modes are analyzed for an elastically suspended rigid body with the planes of symmetry. From this analysis, it can be showed that how the structure of stiffness and inertia must be related in order to produce the pure translation and pure couple modes when an elastically suspended rigid body has one, two, or three planes of symmetry.