• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.379-390
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose a novel deep neural network model for Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) named LVLN (Landmark-based VLN). In addition to both visual features extracted from input images and linguistic features extracted from the natural language instructions, this model makes use of information about places and landmark objects detected from images. The model also applies a context-based attention mechanism in order to associate each entity mentioned in the instruction, the corresponding region of interest (ROI) in the image, and the corresponding place and landmark object detected from the image with each other. Moreover, in order to improve the success rate of arriving the target goal, the model adopts a progress monitor module for checking substantial approach to the target goal. Conducting experiments with the Matterport3D simulator and the Room-to-Room (R2R) benchmark dataset, we demonstrate high performance of the proposed model.

• The Critical Review of Religion and Culture
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• no.22
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• pp.15-50
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• 2012

This paper consists of two parts. The first part presents a review of academic studies on the concept of religion in Western countries; why the subject matters and how it has been discussed and evaluated. The second part contains a self-reflection of the conceptual analyses of religion from the Korean point of view; how we evaluate "their" studies and an attempt to understand the more than one hundred years of reception of the concept of religion in Korea. The idea of religion is an important part of the modern "map" that Korean society was obliged to accept in the middle of its crisis during the second half of the nineteenth century. Examining this process and the context of its reception can help to understand our intellectual and religious heritage. In this vein, it is of primary importance to consider how the modern concept of "Jonggyo" is different from the traditional concept of "Gyo".

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.97-116
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the level of members' awareness of records management in the Republic of Korea Army within the institutional context extensively. Accordingly, in-depth interviews were conducted after comparing and analyzing the institutional systems that restricted the members' record management activities. As a result, it was identified that the members were confused by the inconsistency among the systems that defined the work procedures, and that the value of responsibility and efficiency in the records management system does not match the organization's goals. Therefore, the legal justification of the system should be improved in harmony with the responsibilities and efficiency and to match them with the organization's objectives. Moreover, the improved system should be internalized by the members through instructions that are relevant to the content of the system. This study intends to increase awareness in the records management system and improve the system as well.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.676-690
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• 2022

The present study aims to explore how fallacies, arguments that seem valid but are not, appear in 2022 South Korean presidential debates. It qualitatively analyzes the candidates' remarks in the first and last presidential debates (240 minutes) using 20 formal and informal fallacy concepts as a theoretical framework. Results show that the three candidates used 23 informal fallacies from 15 categories, including the straw man, red herring, begging the question, complex question, hasty generalization, appeal to the masses, and you too. The candidates relied on fallacies to defend their image and electoral agenda from adversary attacks and to contaminate their opponent's image and agenda. The arguers, who struggled with tough questions, frequently made fallacies as pseudo-arguments to avoid the situation without lying and violating election laws. This study indicates that the fallacy system can be a framework for analyzing crucial political content. Moreover, it warns against the abuse of fallacies in TV debates.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.169-188
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• 2023

The increase in assertive and unilateral measures represents a key feature of the recent global trade environment. Against this backdrop, the EU is pushing to introduce the so-called "anti-coercion instrument(the instrument)," which aims to allow unilateral countermeasures in the event of economic coercion or threats from third countries. This paper examines the recent assertive trade environment and the legislative background of the instrument. It evaluated the necessity of and concerns arising from the instrument by comparing the existing EU trade policy, i.e., Trade Barrier Regulation (TBR). In addition, the paper aims to analyze the permissibility of the instrument under the WTO system, especially in the context of the principle of "strengthening of the multilateral system." Finally, the paper draws implications of the instrument in terms of our domestic policies that can effectively address economic threats or trade friction in the growing geopolitical crisis.

• (The) Korean Journal of Educational Psychology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.767-794
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• 2017

Creativity is a social byproduct formed in a specific sociocultural context. Although creativity differs according to the level of culture ranging from supranational, national, professional to organizational levels, research studies documented in literature have mainly dealt with creativity in the (super)national level. For example, differences in personal creativity in the East and the West led by collectivism and individualism, respectively have been dominating in the studies about cultural differences in creativity. Consequently, the domain specificity of creativity and the effects of a more micro level of culture, such as domains, occupations, and organizations, on creative outcomes have been dismissed. Understanding the characteristics of domains, and sociocultural and environmental factors leading to creative products is worth investigating considering that the conception of creativity today highly relies on the nature of domains valued in a certain sociocultural environment. This study reviewed a wide range of literature regarding creativity and sociocultural and environmental factors in order to explore how culture and/or cultural factors inspired creative thinking and generating ideas for creative performance and products. Cultural factors were identified either as a value or a practice (custom) and examined on the supernational, national, professional, and organizational levels. For supernational and national cultures, issues on individualism, collectivism, artistic social atmosphere, and multi-cultural experiences were discussed, while the professional and organizational cultures delved topics on the domain of architecture in which both originality and functionality are greatly valued for creativity. The authors concluded that the impact of culture on creative thinking and idea generation varied according to the levels of culture although issues on multifactorial aspects of culture, differences between personal and collective creativity, and the identification of culture either as a value or a practice (custom) should be discussed further for future studies.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.42-53
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• 2010

건축에 있어서 이론과 실제의 관계 문제는 오랫동안 건축 담론에 대한 주요 대상이 되어왔다. 이는 건축에서의 발전이 역사적으로 동시대의 사회적, 문화적, 경제적 환경의 진화와 더불어 진행되어 왔기 때문이며, 건축작업 선상에서 대두되는 이론과 실제의 관계와 맥락성이 건축의 주체성에 매우 중요한 요소로 여겨지기 때문이기도 하다. 1960년대부터 불거진 포스터모던주의의 사고적 영향은 건축분야의 의미와 가치에 있어서 학문과 실무분 야에서 새롭게 재조명되기 시작하였고, 기존 건축고유의 영역을 벗어나, 역사, 이론, 비평, 기술 및 디자인 분야로 확장되어 새롭고 다양한 접근 방법과 그 방식에 대한 고민을 추구하기 시작하였다. 건축작업에 중요한 근거를 제시해주는 비평적 사고를 유지하기 위하여, 이론적인 아이디어에서 실질적인 실무로서의 투사방법, 그리고 그 사이의 절충을 지속하기 위함은 특히 현대사회에서 더욱 복합적이며 다면적인 질문이 되고 있다. 이 논문은 건축의 투사 방법에 있어서 현대 건축가들이 자신들의 이론적인 관점과 그 관점을 건축적으로 가시화 시키는 관계성을 관찰하고, 어떻게 본인만의 논리와 프로세스를 추구하고 지속하는가에 대한 점을 연구하는데에 그 목적이 있다.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.265-273
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• 2015

Children with autistic spectrum disorder(ASD) have a strength in visual process and systemizing, and they show interest toward things and machines. Therefore, robots have been suggested as a useful tool for the rehabilitation of the children with ASD. A robot can attract children's interest and attention, and it can provide simplified social stimulus. A robot can be applied repetitively, and programmed for the special needs of an individual child. In this study, we review literature related to the use of robots for the rehabilitation of children with ASD. For this purpose, related literature was searched with the keywords of autism and robot. We selected eleven domestic papers, and analyzed their contents to identify robots, stimulus of robots, experiment process and dependent variables.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.684-691
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• 2006

컴퓨터 게임은 이미 전세계적으로 가장 영향력 있는 엔터테인먼트 장르로서 자리잡아가고 있고, 우리나라에서도 차세대 성장동력산업의 핵심으로 간주하여 막대한 투자가 이루어지고 있지만, 어느 산업보다도 정책적 일관성을 유지하기 어렵고 일반인들의 정서적 공감대를 얻어내기 어려운 실정이다. 그 이유는 아직 게임행위와 그로 인한 결과물들에 대한 견실한 가치론이 구축되지 못했기 때문인데, 더 근원적으로는 제반 디지털 문화현상과 양립 가능한 세계관과 인간관의 기초개념이 정립되지 못했기 때문이라고 볼 수 있다. 바야흐로 게임의 철학이 요청되는 시점이다. 본 논문은 이러한 상황인식하에, 우리나라 디지털문화에 내재된 이중규범과 존재론적 전제의 오류들을 검토하고, 계산주의(Computationalism)와 가상실재론(Virtual Realism)이라는 이론적 맥락을 토대로 온라인 게임, 가상현실 그리고 현실이 일관되게 상호작용하는 구조를 밝히고자 한다. 그러한 과정에서 게임 폐인과 스타 게이머의 간극, 아이템 현금거래의 정당성, 인기있는 게임의 철학적 이유, 게임 심의규정의 현실 적합성 등에 대한 논의가 이루어질 것이며, 궁극적으로 게임은 단순한 엔터테인먼트 매체가 아니라 그 자체로서 '생활양식(form of life)'이기 때문에 어느 관공서의 표어처럼 말 그대로 "게임으로 하나되는 세상"이 가능하다는 결론에 이르게 될 것이다.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.461-481
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• 2009

The semiotic approach to the mathematics education has been studied in last 20 years by PME, ICME conferences. New cultural developments in multi-media, digital documents and digital arts and cultures may influence mathematical education and teaching and learning activities. Hence semiotical interest in the mathematics education research and practice will be increasing. In this paper the basic ideas of semiotics, such as Peirce triad and Saussure's dyad, are introduced with some mathematical applications. There is some similarities between traditional research topics for concept, representation and social construction in mathematics education research and semiotic approach topics for the same subjects. some semiotic applications for an arithmetic problem for work, induction, deduction and abduction syllogisms with respect to Peirce's triad, its meaning in scientific discoveries and learning in geometry and symmetry.