• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.6 s.71
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• pp.991-999
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• 1998

Tooth impaction may lead to malocclusion, root resolution, cyst or aberrant changes in adjacent teeth. Clinical and radiographic examinations are used to locate the impaction, and appropriate treatment plans must be made to relocate the impacted tooth. When surgically exposing the impacted tooth, periodontal considerations to conserve maximum amount of soft and hard tissue are used. Oral hygiene instructions are emphasized to maintain sound periodontal health. Securing enough space for the impacted tooth and proper anchorage is important. Proper use of force and mechanics is crucial to prevent such complications as root resolution. Various patterns of orthodontic traction may be employed as situation permits. Most impaction cases can be managed with orthodontic traction to restore function and esthetics, provided that early detection and proper diagnosis and treatment planning are made.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 2012

Dilaceration is a developmental disturbance in shape of teeth. It refers to an angulation, or a sharp bend or curve, in the root or crown of a formed tooth. Dilacerations are estimated to occur in 3% of all permanent dentitions. However, the etiology of dilaceration is not yet fully understood. Traumatic injury to the deciduous predecessors and ectopic development of the tooth germ are the two commonly cited causes of this anomaly. The involved tooth is usually the maxillary central incisor and it also shows high prevalence of impaction. At first, We tried to do surgical exposure with orthodontic traction but to no avail. After then surgical repositioning of the dilacerated tooth was performed. Finally, Satisfactory results were obtained at the end of treatment, with improvement in dental esthetics and functional aspects.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.363-372
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• 2003

Supernumerary teeth are found frequently in the dental office causing many dental complications. They are one of the many dental abnormalities that may occur during tooth development. Inversely impacted supernumerary teeth in the midpalatal area are especially important clinically because they occur with high frequency and many complications. Though many previous clinical and radiographical studies exist, the sample numbers were small and the evaluation of shape, location, and effects to its surrounding tissue may not be accurate due to the solitary use of intraoral radiographs or panoramic radiographs. Among the patients who visited department of pediatric dentistry, yonsei dental hospital, from July, 1998 to June, 2002, those with inversely impacted supernumerary teeth took computerized tomography for a more accurate diagnosis. Their dental chart, panoramic radiograph and computerized tomography were evaluated for this study. The number, form, convexity, location, distance, and complications of inversely impacted supernumerary teeth in the midpalatal area were recorded. This study show that when the supernumerary teeth is tuberculated with a curved root and is in close proximity to the adjacent teeth, it causes complications such as eruption disturbance, rotation, displacement of adjacent teeth, and diastema. Such factors must be considered in making decisions for diagnosis and treatment.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.355-361
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• 2004

Impaction is generally defined as the lack of eruption of a tooth after the normal age for the eruption. An impacted tooth may appear blocked by another tooth, bone, or soft tissue, but cause of tooth impaction is often unknown. The clinician should consider the various treatment options available : (a) No treatment and observation, (b) surgical exposure and orthodontic traction (c) auto transplantation (d) extraction. These cases were about the patients with delayed eruption of maxillary central incisor. We surgically exposed impacted tooth and guided it into normal position by the orthodontic traction. Especially, in case 1, #21 was ectopic impacted state with root dilaceration. It is required to examine further root development and alignment of dentition serially.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.326-333
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• 2003

The appropriate treatment for eruption guide of impacted teeth necessitates the formulation of a comprehensive treatment plan, which is dependent upon a number of factors such as the condition of the deciduous teeth, dental and skeletal relationship, dental age of the patient, willingness of the patient to undergo extensive dental treatment and financial considerations. If the etiology of the eruption disturbance has been identified, the elimination of the causes and various procedures can be used for eruption guide. Particularly the transplantation is a valuable alternative to extraction of impacted teeth, where surgical exposure and subsequent orthodontic realignment are difficult or impossible. This report present three cases of autotransplantation of impacted maxillary canine. As the result in these cases, atraumatic removal of donor tooth during operation is prerequisite to an optimal clinical result. Due to a high possibility of pulp necrosis, endodontic treatment of fully developed transplanted teeth should be undertaken. In complex case, autotransplantation can save time and less expensive than orthodontic forced eruption. Recipient socket should be prepared to a size that is slightly larger than the root of the donor tooth, and can be prepared with open or close procedure depends on root size of donor tooth and buccolingual width at transplantion site.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.591-596
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• 2009

In the case of the impacted teeth, the clinician has to consider development of tooth, site of impaction, eruption path, and cooperation of patient. Treatment options for the management of impacted teeth are separated into four categories: observation, intervention, orthodontic or surgical relocation and extraction. Autotransplantation may be defined as the transplantation of embedded, impacted or erupted teeth, from one site to another in the same individual into extraction site or surgically prepared sockets. Autotransplantation ensures preservation of natural tooth, induction of alveolar bone growth and root development, offers one of the fastest and most economically feasible means in the replacement of young patients' missing teeth. This case presents a malpositioned impacted mandibular premolar of an 11-year-old girl. It was thought that orthodontic traction was difficult because of its unfavorable impacted position. Therefore the tooth was treated by autotransplantation, we can observe good healing pattern during 12 months.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.162-168
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• 2007

Impaction of the maxillary central incisor may cause social, esthetic, and functional problems in children. There are various means of treatment for the inverted maxillary central incisor, such as extraction, surgical opening followed by orthodontic traction surgical repositioning or intra-alveolar autotransplantation prior to extraction. In this case, we surgically repositioned the inverted maxillary central incisor to normal semi-erupted position in a 5-year-old boy The developmental stage of the inverted tooth was Nolla's 6.5, which indicates formation of less than one third of the root. After surgical reposition, we did follow-up for 21 months, expecting spontaneous growth Unfortunately, poor prognosis was noted further root was not observed. Such failure seems to originate from possible injury on Hertwig's epithelial root sheath by surgical trauma. We performed surgical repositioning to retain the tooth instead of extraction. However, arrest of root development occurred which is one of the critical complications. In order to increase the success rate of the surgical reposition procedure, minimal surgical trauma is required as well as selection of adequate indication and decision of proper time of treatment considering the stage of root development.

• 대한치과교정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.42.1-42.1
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• 1999

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.219-227
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• 2020

Tooth eruption involves a complex developmental process of tooth migration from the dental follicular origin to the final occlusion position in the oral cavity via the alveolar process. Disturbance of tooth eruption can occur at any point in a series of eruption stages; however, horizontal impaction of the mandibular first molar and primary retention of the primary mandibular second molar are rarely observed simultaneously. This study describes the treatment for two cases of horizontally impacted first molar with primary retention of primary molar. The primary retention of the primary mandibular second molar was extracted, and orthodontic traction was applied to the horizontally impacted primary mandibular first molar. Subsequently, displacement of the premolar tooth bud was improved and space regaining for eruption was achieved, guiding to normal eruption of the first molar.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 1962

This work was to develope a more simple producing method of mulberry seedling with lower cost than the normal grafting method and the conclusions were found as; 1. There was no difference for the production of the seedling root when the young mulberry branch was graved in soil at the time it grown as 60∼80cm height. 2. It was found that the best result was obtained in case of 15 to 20 young branches of a mulberry shoot were graved instead of whole of them. 3. The seedling root quality of the clay soil graved was found better than the sand soil used, but root producing quantity was found as the same. 4. The fertilizing at the time of the young branch graving was not effective and also the continual fertilizing seemed not to be effective. 5. The seedlings root production was found that Kairyo Nezumigaeshi was best and Ichihei, Suwon Daeyop, Shimano-Uchi, Suwon No.3 and Suwon No.4 were followed of it. But Rosoh was found as poor. Morus alba L. was found as a better Species than Morus Lhou(Ser) Koidz and Morus bombycis Koidz for the production of the seedling root and its quality.