• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.5-12
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• 2019

The study is carried out to survey the proper management and to propose an eco - friendly separation system through efficient screening and resource recovery of excavated materials containing waste from various excavating fields such as reconstruction of landfill sites for reuse, reclamation of unsanitary landfill and residential land development of waste dumping sites. The current status and screening process and analytical characteristics of the excavated materials containing waste were reviewed. Through the analysis of the samples such as separated combustibles, recyclable soils and residues collected from the on-site visits we were able to understand the characteristics of separated materials and excavated materials containing waste such as calorific value, elementary composition, TOC, foreign material content and LOI. It has been found that elimination of the moisture of excavations, removal of attached soil from the surfaces of the excavated combustibles and the quantitative supply method of the input devices are the main operating factors as essential factors for the optimal separation of excavated materials containing waste. For efficient management and recycling of excavated materials containing, it is necessary to set criteria of ash content in separated combustibles and criteria organic matter content in separated soils.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.139-150
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• 2006

Landfilling is one of the most widely used methods for the final disposal of solid wastes. Landfilled wastes are degraded by residing microorganisms and the microbial degradation is affected by many factors such as moisture, oxygen, pH, alkalinity, sulphate, nutrient, temperature, and so on. Especially among these factor, oxygen and moisture within aerobic landfill play a major role in microbial degradation. In this study, 1) the effects of oxygen on the velocity of waste degradation and 2) the effect of moisture on the degradation of municipal solids waste (MSW) in aerobic condition were investigated. It was found that the BOD and CODcr concentration from the leachate of aerobic lysimeters dropped faster by 80 days after the start of the test compared to those from the anaerobic lysimeters. To see the effect of moisture, four aerobic lysimeters filled with MSW and four different levels of moisture (20, 30, 40, and 50%) were installed. From this test, higher moisture in MSW produced higher $CO_2$ concentration, meaning moisture was effective for the microbial degradation. thus, we concluded that higher moisture level in the aerobic landfill might help early-stabilization microbial degradation.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.587-604
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• 1994

이 글에서는 폐기물의 분류 및 정의, 수거.운반 기술, 전처리 기술에서부터 중간처리기술로서 소각 및 기타 퇴비화, 메탄발효, 열분해, 고체연료, 사료화, 알콜발효, 식용작물재배 기술 그리고 최종처분기술로서 매립기술 및 해양티기 등 폐기물 처리기술의 전반을 포괄적으로 살펴보았다. 폐기물은 마치 인간의 삶을 대변이나 하듯이 복잡다다한 성분을 포함하고 있어서 중간처리 및 최종처분기술의 개발에만 노력을 기울일 수는 없으며, 정확한 분류와 수거 및 운반 체계의 최 적화, 그리고 수거된 폐기물의 선별을 포함하는 전처리 조작등이 폐기물 구성성분의 특성에 맞는 처리기술과 함께 유기적으로 연계되도록 해야 하며, 이를 위한 총체적 폐기물관리시스템의 토 착화는 아무리 강조해도 지나치지 않는다. 아울러 폐기물 처리의 공학적인 측면이외에도 국민의 절대적인 협조와 정책적인 뒷받침이 선행될 때만이 이 땅에서 폐기물처리로 인한 문제가 사라질 수 있을 것이며, 환경기술을 또다른 국제무역장벽의 하나로 구체화하려는 그린라운드(G.R.; green round)에 적극적으로 대웅하여 폐기물처리기술을 포함한 여타 환경기술을 세계화하고 수출하는 계기도 마련되어지리라 판단된다.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.49-62
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• 2011

Recently, International Atomic Energy Agency and major leading countries in radioactive waste management tend to subdivide the categories of radioactive waste based upon risk-graded approach. In this context, the category of very low level waste has been newly introduced, or optimized management options for this kind of waste have been pursued in many countries. The application of engineered surface landfill type facilities dedicated to dispose of very low level waste has been gradually expanded, and it was analyzed that their design concept of isolation has been much advanced than those of the old fashioned surface trench-type disposal facilities for low and intermediate level waste, which were usually constructed in 1960's. In addition, the management options for very low level waste in major leading countries are varied depending upon and interfaced with the affecting factors such as: national framework for clearance, legal and practical availability of low and intermediate level waste repository and/or non-nuclear waste landfill, public acceptance toward alternative waste management options, and so forth. In this regard, it was concluded that optimized long-term management options for very low level waste in Korea should be also established in a timely manner through comprehensive review and discussions, in preparation of decommissioning of large nuclear facilities in the future, and be implemented in a systematic manner under the framework of national policy and management plan for radioactive waste management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.382-384
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• 2006

우리나라의 경우 고유의 음식문화 특성상 수분과 염분이 많아 음식물쓰레기를 단순히 매립이나 소각처리, 재활용으로 매립에 의한 최종 처분의 경우 음식물쓰레기의 높은 수분함량과 높은 염분 그리고, 비교적 분해 되기 쉬운 부패성물질로 구성되어 자원화에 어려움이 많다. 현재 음식물쓰레기 자원화 처리 시스템은 모든 음식물쓰레기를 한곳으로 모아 처리하는 집중처리 시스템으로 이루어져 자원화가 재대로 이루어지지 못하고 있으므로 국가와 지방자치단체 및 민간의 자본 출원으로 단일처리방식이 아닌 배출되는 음식물쓰레기의 성상과 특징을 고려하여 사료화, 퇴비화, 에너지화, 하수처리 병합등 분산처리시스템을 도입하여 생산품의 다양성 및 안정성을 가져올 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Mineralogical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.31-42
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• 2000

1. 선진국의 경우 한 사업체에서 광산-가공산업체-연구소를 운영하는 시스템으로서 제품규제부터 시작하여 계속적인 용도개발이 가능하다. 2. 한국의 벤토나이트 광업 및 가공산업체의 현황이 일본의 5분의 1규모이며 년간 생산량 및 수요량이 100,000톤 규모로서 세계 15위권에 해당된다. 3. 벤토나이트 광업의 영세화로 효율적이고 장기적인 개발이 되지 못한다. 4. 광량의 고갈 및 개발 침체로 수입량이 증대되고 있다. 5. 새로운 용도개발이 요구된다. 특히 최근 증대되는 cat litter용, 흡착제용등 우선 개발이 용이한 용도개발을 추진해야 하며 다음으로 방사성 폐기물 처분장 liner 및 brick용, 폐수처리용 유기-벤토나이트, 쓰레기매립장 liner용과 화장품용등의 부가가치를 향상시킬 수 있는 용도개발이 시급하다고 본다.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.6-8
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• 2002

제로 에미션(zero emission)이란 영어를 뜻대로 번역하면 "배출을 없게 한다"라고 할 수 있다. 그러나, 이는 현재까지의 기술로 대기오염의 배출영역까지 제로화는 불가능하므로 이 부분을 포함시키는 것은 적합하지 않고, 유상이던 무상이던 매립되는 최종 처분량인 배출물(폐기물)을 제로화 시키는 운동으로 정의되고 있다. 즉, 대상으로 하는 산업에서 발생하는 배출물을 다른 산업의 자원으로 재이용(recycling)하고, 산업 관련망으로 배출물이 나오지 않게 네트워크 시스템을 구축하는 일종의 환경운동으로 이해하면 좋을 것이다.(중략)

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.49-52
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• 2008

Most of waste sludge has generally been disposed in landfill site or dumped in the ocean, which will be banned by the content of its heavy metals according to London Dumping Convention in Korea. Therefore, environmentally friend methods are urgently required for the treatment and disposal of the sewage sludge. Thermal hydrolysis is one of the good treatment methods to solve the sludge problems. In this study, the physical and environmental testing was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of by-product cake from the thermal hydrolysis as liner or cover materials in landfill.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to suggest the design parameters, which are applied to the solid waste treatment and management systems in rural area. In order to drive out the parameters, the solid waste production and management systems in rural and urban areas had been surveyed and analyzed, respectively. The comparisons of the analyzed results are also introduced in the paper. The rural areas referred to the survey are grouped in accordance with the industrial activities in those areas. The conclusions of the study are as follows: 1) The solid waste volumes produced per day per capita in rural area are less than those of urban area. For example, the average volume produced in rural area in 1995 is 0.85kg, which is two thirds of those in Seoul area. 2) for the treatment, the country has depended mainly on landfill. On the other hand, the incineration treatment ratio has been in creasing in rural area. 3) The physical and chemical properties of the rural solid waste, according to the analysis, are similar to those of the urban areas, which means the living pattern in those two areas have a little difference.

• Clean Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.87-98
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• 2007

As the interest in environmental problems increased, the guideline of effluent qualities becomes strict and the amount of sludge produced from the wastewater treatment facilities steeply increased. The revised Korean acts prohibit the direct reclamation of the sludge exhausted in sewage treatment works from 2003, and the ocean dump of sludge will be also prohibited from 2012. Therefore, the sludge must be recycled, incinerated or composted. To properly perform the utilization and disposal operations, the establishment of well-defined procedures for the characterization of sludge by physical, chemical and biological method and setting up of guidelines for different treatment and disposal routes has become necessary. However, there have not been such standardized methods for sludge characterization in Korea. This review analyzes the present status of establishment and problems of sludge characterization method of Korea. Finally, it was proposed total 15 items of standardized characterization methods suitable to our country for proper sludge recycling and disposal, which was based on the more systematic standard methods of Germany (DIN 38414) and those of advanced nations.