• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

In this review, we focus on one of the most attractive biomaterials, microfibrillated cellulose (MFC). MFC, a type of nanocellulose, mainly originates from cellulose in lignocellulosic biomass. MFC represents one of incredible important natural resources due to its abundancy, renewability, and sustainability. MFC is produced through mechanical pretreatment, and it is composed of various sizes of microfibers, ranging from a few nanometers to a few micrometers. Because of the heterogenetic compositions of MFC, it possesses superior properties as a material, such as high surface area, high aspect ratio, and peculiar insolubility as a biomaterial. These properties allow MFC to be used in various bio-industries, from the traditional pulp industry to the high-tech food/bio/chemical/medical industries. However, it is difficult to use MFC on a commercial scale owing to the high energy input required during its production and the challenge of controlling its reactivity. Therefore, future studies should be focused on accurately characterizing MFC's surface morphologies, regulating its characteristics in a desirable direction, and standardizing proper guidelines for the analysis of surface morphologies its analysis.

• Composites Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.150-154
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• 2024

In this study, nanofibrillated cellulose was extracted from soybean hulls - a by-product of soybeans - and compared with soybean hull nanofibrillated cellulose obtained by using other nanofibrillated methods. Dry soybean hulls were ground into prepare micrometer-sized powders, from which microcellulose was isolated using NaOH and HCl. The nanometer-sized cellulose was successfully extracted through ultrasonic dispersion and ball milling. The soybean hull nanofibrillated cellulose exhibited a diameter of 60-100 nm and a length of 0.3-1.0 ㎛, which matches the diameter of soybean nanofibrillated cellulose made by other nanofibrillated methods but is significantly shorter in length.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.759-760
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• 2000

5-fluorouracil loaded chitosan-cellulose microspheres was prepared by W/O/W multiple emulsions solvent evaporation technique which is appropriate to oral drug delivery. The influences of process parameters on the physical characteristics of microspheres and on in vitro drug release were investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2011.03a
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• pp.81-81
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• 2011

식물성 원료인 콩, 쌀이나 밀기울의 풀, 송진 등과 알긴산이 포함되어 있는 해조류는 예로부터 접착제로 사용되어 왔으며, 최근 친환경 소재 개발의 영향으로 천연바인더에 대한 기술개발이 큰 관심이 되고있다. 국내에서는 재지분야에서 천연바인더 기술개발이 이루어진 바 있으며, 잉크 고착제로써 개발이 시도된 적이 있으나 천연 바인더가 섬유의 염색가공에서 사용된 예는 거의 찾아보기 어렵다. 최근, 염색공정 중 날염시 염료와 섬유를 고착시키기 위해 로진을 천연바인더로 사용된 예가 있으나, 원료 추출의 어려움과 날염 후 접착력 및 끈적임 등의 문제로 인해 상용화에 필요한 기술개발이 문제로 남아 있다. 독일의 한 연구에 의하면 천연바인더로 녹말, 설탕, 셀룰루오스, 식물성 기름, 식물성 단백질 등이 합성 바인더와 비교 실험된 예가 있으며, 이런 천연바인더가 파이버보드(섬유판)에 사용되기도 하였다. 또한 미국의 바이오물질, 바이오시스템 공학과에서 옥수수대와 switchgrass를 이용하여 천연바인더를 개발하였으며, bridge 타입의 메카니즘을 연구한 바 있다. 천연바인더는 여전히 값비싸고, 바인더로서 섬유에 적용하기에는 딱딱한 단점이 있으며, 수분에 대한 저항력이 떨어져 추출에서부터 적용까지 전반에 걸쳐 기술개발이 필요한 분야이다. 본 연구에서는 셀룰로오스 섬유의 염색가공 공정에서 기능성 마이크로 캡슐을 부착할 수 있는 천연바인더를 개발하기 위하여 갈조류에서 알긴산을 추출하였으며, 알긴산이 셀룰로오스 섬유에 바인더로서 어떤 특징을 나타내는지에 대하여 연구하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.197-205
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• 2011

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) with 50~100 nm diameter were manufactured from micro-size cellulose by an application of a high-pressure homogenizer at 1,400 bar. High strength nanopapers were prepared over a filter paper by a vacuum filtration from CNF suspension. After reinforcing and dispersing CNF suspension, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based composites were tailored by solvent- and film-casting methods, respectively. After 2, 4, 6 and 8 passes through high-pressure homogenizer, the tensile strength of the nanopapers were extremely high and increased linearly depending upon the pass number. Chemical modification of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl-triethoxysilane (PFDTES) on the nanopapers significantly increased the mechanical strength and water repellency. The reinforcement of 1, 3, and 5 wt% CNF to HPC and PVA resins also improved the mechanical properties of the both composites.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.376-384
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• 2014

This study investigated the effect of nanocellulose, such as microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), and aminated starch on tensile property and thermal stability of plasticized starch film. Glycerol (23 wt%) was used as a plasticizer and nanocelluloses of 1-30 parts per hundred parts of resin (phr) in the basis of plasticized starch were added. Tensile strength and elastic modulus increased with increasing nanocellulose addition amount, whereas elongation at break decreased. Tensile properties of MFC-reinforced starch film were higher than those of CNC-reinforced film. Optimum addition amount of aminated starch, which is commonly used for paper sizing, to improve tensile property of film, was found to be 5%. And 1% addition of aminated starch showed the best effect in the improvement of tensile property of the film. Thermal stability was improved with the addition of MFC to plasticized starch film with and without aminated starch.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.483-490
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• 2014

The effect of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) content and coupling agent (polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, pMDI) on the properties of MFC-reinforced polybutylene succinate (PBS) nanocomposite. With increasing MFC content, tensile strength and elastic modulus were increased. More than 1.5 times in tensile strength of PBS/MFC(70/30) nanocomposite was improved by the addition of pMDI (1 phr), compared to the nanocomposite without pMDI. This trend was being significant in nanocomposite with higher MFC content. Thermal stability of the nanocomposite was increased by the addition of pMDI. These improvements is considered to be due to the improvement of MFC dispersion and interfacial adhesion between MFC and PBS matrix.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.196.1-196.1
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• 2015

전 세계적으로 환경에 대한 인식이 증대됨에 따라 친환경적인 소재의 개발 연구가 필요한 상황이고, 대표적으로 셀룰로오스를 이용한 종이기판을 활용하는 방안이 새로운 연구화두로 떠오르고 있다. 종이를 기본으로 한 전기전자 회로구성의 가능성을 보기위해 종이 위해 전자회로 구성요소를 형성시켜야 할 필요가 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구팀은 상용 복사 용지위에 마이크로 단위의 패터닝을 구현하는 연구를 진행하였다. 마이크로 패터닝 구현 방법은 다음과 3가지로 요약할 수 있다;1. 리소그래피 공정, 2. 메탈마크스를 사용한 물질 증착, 3. 잉크젯 프린팅. 리소그래피 공정을 위해서 발수처리를 한 종이 위에 실리콘기반 공정과 마찬가지로 레지스트를 코팅하고 노광과 디벨롭, 증착과 리프트오프 과정을 거쳤다. 공정 결과 패터닝이 어느 정도 잘 되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 두번째로 상용 메탈마스크를 제작하여 종이 위에 그대로 증착하는 방법을 사용하였다. 이 방법은 액상공정을 요구하지 않기 때문에 발수처리가 필요하지 않고 종이의 기본성질을 그대로 유지 할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 마지막으로 잉크젯 프린팅 공정은 복사용지를 인쇄할 때 사용하는 간단한 상용프린터를 이용하였다. 이 방법은 앞의 두 공정보다는 다소 패턴 사이즈가 크다는 단점이 있지만 원하는 모양을 자유롭게 패터닝 할 수 있고 그만큼 대량 생산에 용이하다는 장점이 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.69-72
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• 2007

Cellulose is a beneficial material that has low cost, lightweight, high compatibility and biodegradability. Recently electroactive paper (EAPap) on cellulose base was discovered as a smart material and actuator through ion migration and piezoelectric effect. Furthermore cellulose has a potentiality to apply the display material, because of its high reflectivity, flexibility and high transmittance. The various shapes and height patterns of the Cellulose acetate (CA) solution, such as circle and honeycomb patterns, were fabricated and observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM, S4300 Hitachi). The resulting pattern showed uniform size in the large area without defect. After stretching the CA film with saponification process in the sodium methoxide in methanol solution, Most of the compositions become one directional ordered nanofibers below 50nm.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 2014

Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) was chemically modified with two different silane coupling agents (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane) and lauroyl chloride. The surface modification of MFC was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and contact angle measurements. Composite paper was successfully prepared with surface modified MFC and polyamide (PA) fiber. The surface modification of MFC not only prevented aggregation of MFC but also improved adhesive property between PA fiber and surface modified MFC. It was impossible to prepare papers of only PA fiber because there is no binder to connect PA fibers. That is, surface modified MFC as a binder in PA fiber played a crucial role in making composite paper. Composite paper with silane modified MFC showed higher tensile strength and modulus than composite paper with lauroyl moiety modified MFC. The structure, morphology, and mechanical properties of composite paper were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and universal testing machine (UTM).