• Title/Summary/Keyword: 마름무늬매미충

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오갈병 발생 현황과 매개중에 관한 조사 연구

  • 김영택;백현준;정봉조
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.68.2-68
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    • 1973
  • 1. 오갈병은 전국에 분포하고 최근지역에 따라 3∼4배씩 매년 발생이 급증한다. 2. 마름무늬 매미충은 1년 3세대 발생하며 1세대가 5월중순-7월초순이고 2세대가 7월중순-8월중순이며 3세대는 8월하순부터 10월초까지였다. 3. 마름무늬 매미충 산란은 가지의 하부에 산란하는 것이 많다. 4. 마름무늬 매미 충 월동란은 4월 24일에 안점기에 달하고 5월 5일부터 부화 시작한다.

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Transmission of Jujube Witches'-broom Mycoplasma by the Leafhopper Hishimonus sellatus Uhler (대추나무 빗자루병(病)의 마름무늬매미충에 의(依)한 매개전염(媒介伝染))

  • La, Yong Joon;Woo, Kun Suk
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.48 no.1
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    • pp.29-39
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    • 1980
  • This study was initiated to find out the possible insect vector and other means of transmission of jujube witches'-broom disease. 1. Eight species of leafhoppers were found to feed on both healthy and diseased jujube trees. Among these, rhombic marked leafhoppers (Hishimonus sellatus Uhler) were most abundant throughout the growing season of jujube trees in all localities surveyed. H. sellatus was far more abundant on diseased trees than healthy ones. 2. Jujube witches'-broom mycoplasma(JWM) was transmitted to jujube seedlings by Hishimonus sellatus. Jujube seedlings inoculated with H. sellatus which had been fed for 14-21 days on diseased jujube plants, developed smaller, chlorotic leaves 40-60 days after inoculation. Electron microscopy of midveins and petioles of the infected jujube seedlings revealed the presence of numerous mycoplasmalike organisms in phloem tissues. 3. Jujube witches'-broom mycoplasma was also transmitted to Vinca rosea plants by H. sellatus. Infected Vinca rosea plants developed vein clearing and marginal chlorosis of upper leaves 25-38 days after inoculation and followed by stunting and ultimate wilting and death of plant. Electron microscopy of petioles and midveins of infected Vinca rosea plant revealed the presence of numerous mycoplasmalike organisms in phloem tissues. 4. H. sellatus survived more than 30 days on jujube, Vinca rosea, carrot, celery, eggplant, hop, Calystegia japonica, Humulus japonicus, Astragalus sinicus, white clover, red clover, and radino clover. Many second generation nymphs of H. sellatus were also abserved on these plants but clovers. 5. Jujube seeds collected from witches'-broom diseased jujube trees yielded healthy seedlings.

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Host range and Bionomics of the Rhombic Marked Leafhopper, Hishimonus sellatus Uhler(Homoptera: Cicadelliae) as a Vector of the Jujube Witches-Broom Mycoplasma (대추나무빗자루병 매개충 "마름무늬매미충(Hishimonus sellatus Uhler)"의 기주범위 및 생태에 관한 연구)

  • 김규진;김미숙
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.338-347
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    • 1993
  • The study was to investigate the bionomics, host plants, and oviposition preference of Hishimonus sellatus Uhler. It has 5 generations under natural conditions and the peak of the 3rd generation was observed about mid and late August. Its average developmental durations were 80 days in spring, 69 days in summer, and 77.8 days in autumn. The lengths of each stage were 0.8mm in eggs, 0.9mm in 1st instar, 1.4mm in 2nd instar, 2.1mm in 3rd instar, 2.5mm in 4th instar, 3.2mm in 5th instar, 4.1mm in female, and 3.8mm in male. Hishimonus sellatus overwintered as egg in Morus alba, Humulus japonicus, and Zizyphus jujuba begining mid October, and attacked the shoot of M. alba and H. japonicus about mid and late May, migrated to the Zizyphus jujuba from late June to early July. Female oviposites 32~62 eggs into epidermis of shoot, vagina and vein during their life. The preferred host plants of H. sellatus were Humulus japonicus, Morus alba, Zizyphus jujuba, and ligustrum obtusifolium. Highly preferable oviposition site was H. japonicus, M. albal, Z. jujuba, and L. obtusifolium, etc. On audlt longevity, the host plants as H. japonicus, M. alba, and Z. jujuba were 43$\pm$2 days and A. brevipedenculata, C. mimosoides, L. obtusifolium, V. rosa, A. sinicus and, A. graveolens were more than 25 days, and other host plants were less than 20 days.

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Transmission and Histochemical Detection of Mulberry Dwarf Mycoplasma in Several Herbaceous Plants (뽕나무 오갈병 마이코플라스마의 몇가지 초본식물에의 전염과 조직화학적 검정)

  • Kim Young Ho;La Yong Joon;Kim Young Taek
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.1 no.3
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    • pp.184-189
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    • 1985
  • Transmission of mulberry dwarf mycoplasma (MDM) from diseased mulberry to 5 herbaceous plants (periwinkle, white clover, Ladino clover, red clover, and Chinese milk vetch) through insect vector, Hishimonus sellatus, was confirmed by symptom expression and microscopic evidences. The earliest symptom appearance was noticed on periwinkle in which incubation period was 25-30 days, while it ranged 35-40 days in the other plant species. The common symptoms of MDM infected plants were characterized by poor plant growth with accompanying discolorations of leaves (chlorosis with vein clearing in periwinkle, reddish in red clover, brownish in white and Ladino clovers, and yellowish in Chinese milk vetch). Mycoplasmal infections were diagnosed light microscopically by Dienes' and toluidine blue staining of hand-cut and Epon-embedded sections, respectively. In Dienes' stain, all the plants infected with MDM showed specific staining reaction in phloems. In toluidine blue stain, mycoplasmal existence was noted by granular appearance in sieve tubes which were confirmed to be mycoplasma-like organisms under an electron microscope.

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Transmission of Mulberry Dwarf Phytoplasma by a Balclutha punctata (Balclutha punctata에 의한 뽕나무 오갈병 파이토플라스마의 전반)

  • Han, Sangsub
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.101 no.4
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    • pp.635-639
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    • 2012
  • The present study was initiated to find out the insect vector of mulberry dwarf phytoplasma. Among the collected insects from mulberry cultivation region, the sucking insects (Hishimonas sellatus, Bothrogonia japonica and Balclutha punctata) were selected for transmission of mulberry dwarf phytoplasma. Sucking insects, H. sellatus and B. punctata successfully transmitted phytoplasma to healthy seedling mulberry and periwinkle plants by inoculation-feeding. Typical dwarf symptom was observed in mulberry tree, but very slender twigs on stem and formatted small leaves were found on periwinkle plants, which are typical witches' broom symptoms. The phytoplasmas were detected in all samples exception sucking insects B. japonica using phytoplasma universal primer pair R16F2n/R2.

Characteristics of Major Diseases causing Eleutherococcus senticosus Max (가시오갈피에서 발생하는 주요 병해충 특성)

  • Lee, Jae-Hong;Jeong, Haet-Nim;Kang, An-Seok;Choi, Kang-Jun
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.199-202
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    • 2007
  • This study was carried out to provide pest control information for the cultivation of Eleutherococcus senticosus Max. As a result of investigation of the diseases and insect pests, three pathogens and three insect pests were identified from the field sample, respectively. The identified insects pests were aphids, stinkbugs and Bothrogonia japonica. Occurrenre peaks of aphids were occurred on June and August, and generally young leaves and flower buds were injured mainly. The identified diseases were black ring spot caused by Phoma sp., gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea and leaf blights caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The black ring spot was the most severe disease and was investigated from the beginning of June, and the incidence of the disease was 30% higher than that on September. As a result of growth test under different temperature conditions on PDA, these pathogens showed the best mycelial growth rate between 25 $^{\circ}$C and 30 $^{\circ}$C, and these results indicate that these diseases occur on hat summer season.

Comparison of Growth, Yield and Quality by Green Crop Treatments in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Organic Cultivation (벼 유기재배 시 녹비작물 처리에 의한 작물의 생육, 수량 및 품질 비교)

  • Cha, Kwang-Hong;Oh, Hwan-Jung;Park, Heung-Gyu;An, Kyu-Nam;Park, Ro-Dong;Jung, Woo-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.55-64
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    • 2011
  • To investigate a comparison of rice yield and quality by a utilization of green crops using barley and hairyvetch, this study was carried out in rice (Oryza sativa L.) organic cultivation field. Convention barley harvest (CBH), Green barley crop (GBC), Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC), and Non-Green crop (NGC) were treated in rice cultivation field. The results obtained as following: 1) Culm length and pancile length in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation were longer than organic cultivation but were not significant difference in all treatments. Yields of milled rice in Green barley crop (GBC) and Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC) were by 90.3% and 95.9%, respectively. 2) Protein contents in Green barley crop (GBC) and Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC) were by 5.7% lower than 6.6% in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation. Amylose contents in all treatment were similar as range 18.8% to 19.1%. Whiteness contents in Green barley crop (GBC) and Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC) were slightly higher by 38.9% and 39.1%, respectively, than 37.7% in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation. 3) Palatability values in Barley harvest (BH) and Non-Green crop (NGC) were slightly higher by 82.0 and 83.8, respectively, than 77.6 in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation. 4) Head rice in Non-Green crop (NGC) was 95.5%, while that of Convention barley harvest (CBH), Green barley crop (GBC), and Green barley+Green Hairy-vetch crop (GB+HVC) were slightly low as range 93.8% to 94.2%. White core and belly rice in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation was the highest level by 1.7%. 5) Leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight, rice stem maggot, rice leaf roller, rice leaf-tier, and green rice leafhopper were occurred lightly in rice field.

Studies on Witches' Broom of Ligustrum ovalifolium Hasskarl Caused by Mycoplasma-like Organism (MLO) (Mycoplasma성(性) 왕쥐똥나무 빗자루병(病)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Chai, Jyung-Ki;Kim, Young-Ho
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.78 no.2
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    • pp.103-118
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    • 1989
  • The occurrence of witches' broom in Ligustrum ovalifolium was first noticed in Korea by author in 1984. The present study was carried out with particular emphasis on the symptomatology, etiology, transmission of the disease and antibiotic treatments. The infected tissue was observed by the fluorescence and electron microscopy and its biochemical characteristics were compared with healthy one by electrophoresis. The results are summarized as follows : 1. symptoms of the infected trees were characterized by the dwarfing of the organs, yellowing and brooming of the foliage. 2. The observation by the trans electron microscopy on the witches' broom of L. ovalifolium revealed the occurrence of numerous mycoplasma-like organisms(MLOs) in the phloem tissue cells of the midribs of infected leaves. 3. The MLOs were surrounded by a single unit membrane, and they appeared to be multiplied by binary fission. 4. The presence of crystals unidentified in the phloem parenchyma cells was noticed by electron rnicroscopy, 5. The disease was able to be transmitted by budding, crown, and greenwood graftings to L. ovalifolium, L. obtusifolium, L, japonicum and also transmitted, even when the stocks and scions were not completely grafted. 6. Insect transmission on L. ovalifolium and L, obtzrsifolium was carried by Hishimonus sellatus. 7. The infected roots dipped in the 1,000 ppm of teracyclin solution was only temporarily effective in controlling the disease. 8. Infected plant with MLOs showed specific fluorescent reactions in phloems with DAPI stain. 9. The protein and peroxidase separated by electrophoresis showed strikingly distinctive difference between the healthy and diseased leaves.

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