• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.333-339
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of magnesium water on the cognitive function, concentration and performance of bowling players. The total number of subjects in this study was 42, and changes in blood magnesium concentration, cognitive ability, concentration and performance were identified during the four-week experiment period. Data distribution was analyzed using SPSS18.0 with Normality test and Repeated measure two way ANOVA. Studies show that the concentration of magnesium in the blood of bowling players has changed with the intake of magnesium drinks, and that the concentration of magnesium in the blood has a proportional relationship with the cognitive function, concentration and performance.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.50-60
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• 2013

The aims of this study were to estimate daily intake of macrominerals from beverages, liquid teas, and liquid coffees and to evaluate their potential health risks for Korean children and adolescents (1-to 19 years old). Assessment of dietary intake was conducted using the actual level of sodium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium in non-alcoholic beverages and (207 beverages, 19 liquid teas, and 24 liquid coffees) the food consumption amount drawn from "The Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2009)". To estimate the dietary intake of non-alcoholic beverages, 6,082 children and adolescents (Scenario I) were compared with 1,704 non-alcoholic beverage consumption subjects among them (Scenario II). Calculation of the estimated daily intake of macrominerals was based on point estimates and probabilistic estimates. The values of probabilistic macromineral intake, which is a Monte-Carlo approach considering probabilistic density functions of variables, were presented using the probabilistic model. The level of safety for macrominerals was evaluated by comparison with population nutrient intake goal (Goal, 2.0 g/day) for sodium, tolerable upper intake level (UL) for calcium (2,500 mg/day) and phosphorus (3,000-3,500 mg/day) set by the Korean Nutrition Society (Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, KDRI). For total children and adolescents (Scenario I), mean daily intake of sodium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium estimated by probabilistic estimates using Monte Carlo simulation was, respectively, 7.93, 10.92, 6.73, 23.41, and 1.11, and 95th percentile daily intake of those was, respectively, 28.02, 44.86, 27.43, 98.14, and 3.87 mg/day. For consumers-only (Scenario II), mean daily intake of sodium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium estimated by probabilistic estimates using Monte Carlo simulation was, respectively, 19.10, 25.77, 15.83, 56.56, and 2.86 mg/day, and 95th percentile daily intake of those was, respectively, 62.67, 101.95, 62.09, 227.92, and 8.67 mg/day. For Scenarios I II, sodium, calcium, and phosphorus did not have a mean an 95th percentile intake that met or exceeded the 5% of Goal and UL.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.344-350
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• 2000

This study was conducted to determine the content of inorganic metals in soft drinks distributed locally in markets.6 trace metals (Fe, Ca, Zn, Na, Mg, and K) were detected in 16 kinds of drinks,80 samples. The average concentration of inorganic metals in vegetable drinks was relatively higher than that of mixed drinks or carbonated drinks. The concentration of calcium, which is advisable inorganic metals for the growth of skeleton and the prevention of osteoporosis, hypertension, was very high and needed to be careful for the consumer who is suffer with lithiasis. Although carbonated drinks are very popular with the children and adolescence owing to the unbalance of the intake of Ca and P, habitual drinking could cause obstruction in skeletal growth and metabolism of Fe, Cu, and Zn. So, it is suggested that more practical study is needed fur the intake of inorganic metals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.512-517
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• 2004

The effects of liquid culture of Coriolus versicolor on the body weight gain, lipid metabolism, protein levels and enzyme activities were studied in growing male rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups; control group (C. versicolor free water), 10%, 20% or 30% C. versicolor groups (10%, 20% or 30% C. versicolor in water) according to the levels of C. versicolor supplementation. The rats were fed ad libitum each of the experimental beverage for 5 weeks. The body weight gain, food intake, food efficiency ratio, and organ weight of the all C. versicolor groups were similar to those of the control group. There were no differences in the concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, total protein and albumin, and the activities of GOT, GPT, and alkaline phosphatase of the serum among the experimental groups. However, the atherogenic index of the 30% C. versicolor groups were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the serum HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio increased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.887-892
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• 2003

The effects of liquid culture of Agaricus blazei Murill on the body weight gain, lipid metabolism, protein levels, and enzyme activities were studied in growing male rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups ; control group (A. blazei free water), 20 or 30% A. blazei groups (20 or 30% A. blazei in water) according to the levels of A. blazei supplementation. The rats were fed ad libitum each of the experimental beverage for 5 weeks. The body weight gain, food intake, food efficiency ratio, and organ weight of the 20 or 30% A. blazei groups were similar to those of the control group. There were no differences in the concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, total protein and albumin, and the activities of GOT, GPT, LDH and alkaline phosphatase of the serum among the experimental groups. The calcium and phosphorus concentrations of serum in the 20 or 30% A. blazei group were significantly decreased compared with those of the control group. The concentrations of LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index of the 20 or 30% A. blazei groups were significantly lower than those of the control group, but the serum HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio was higher. These results showed that the 20 or 30% A. blazei feeding decreased the LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index, and increased HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio in serum of rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.96-101
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• 2003

This study was done to analyze the contents of minerals, to compare the measured values of calcium and the labeled values in food labeling and to analyze the ratio of calcium to other minerals in 43 calcium-fortified Food products sold in markets in Seoul, Korea. Content of minerals such as Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Cu, Zn was measured by atomic absorption or colorimetric method after dry-ashing or wet-ashing. The measured values of calcium were ranged 65.5~343.9% of the labeled values in 43 calcium-fortified products. In 21 calcium-fortified food products, the measured calcium values were ranged 120～160% of the labeled values, and in three drinks those were less than 80% of the labeled, which is not acceptable to the food regulation. The ratios of Ca:P were 2.63$\pm$1.99 (mean$\pm$SD) in grain Products, 1.79$\pm$0.39 in Ramyuns, 2.80$\pm$0.53 in retort pouch food products and 8.35$\pm$12.87 in drinks. The Ca:Fe ratios were 126.33$\pm$44.36 in grain products, 130.65$\pm$34.67 in Ramyuns, 120.31$\pm$71.15 in retort pouch food products and 700.25$\pm$553.70 in drinks. The ratios of Ca:Mg were 11.86$\pm$5.40 in grain products, 9.29$\pm$1.34 in Ramyuns, 9.09$\pm$2.09 in retort pouch food products and 32.50$\pm$41.35 in drinks. The P:Mg ratios were 4.11$\pm$1.54 in grain products, 4.17$\pm$0.67 in Ramyuns, 2.58$\pm$0.45 in retort pouch food Products and 2.59$\pm$2.50 in drinks. These results suggest calcium contents and the ratio of calcium contents to other minerals in calcium-fortified food products should be strictly controlled.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.94-103
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• 1996

기능성 해조음료를 개발하기 위하여 미역, 톳 및 다시마를 저온하에서 마쇄, 원심분리, 한회여과를 거쳐 생해조 세포액을 얻었으며, 각 해조 생세포액의 성분 분석과 색차 측정 및 관능검사를 통하여 품질평한 결과 다음과 같았다. 원심분리 후 한외 여과에 의한 생세포액의 수율은 생해조에 대하여 6.8~56.5% 였으며, 톳과 미역의 수율은 높았으나 다시마는 수율이 낮았다. 해조액을 한회여과한 다음 동결건조한 시료의 회분 합량은 28~60%였으며, 조단백 함량은 12.7%~6.7%정도 였는데 미역과 톳은 다시마 보다 각 성분의 함량이 많았다. 알긴산과 chlrophyll 및 carotenoid 은 한회여과막에 의하여 대부분 제거되었으나 톳의 polyphenol은 30K 한외여과막에 의해서도 효과적으로 제거되지 않았다. 다시마와 톳 생세포액의 주요 아미노산은 glutamic acid와 aspartic acid 였으며, 미역의 경우는 alanine, aspartic acid, valine이었다. 해조 생세포액중의 무기 질은 칼륨의 함량이 특히 높았으며 양이온의 경우 나트륨, 마그네슘, 칼슘, 철, 아연, 망간, 구리순으로 함유 되어있었다. 음이온으로는 $Cl^{-}$,$SO_{4}^{2-}$,$HPO_{4}^{2-}$,$NO_{3}^{-}$의 함량이 높았으며, I와 Br의 함량은 다시마가 톳과 미역에 비하여 높았다.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2014

This study was done to analyze the contents of minerals and to investigate the ratio of measured values to labeled values and to analyze the ratio of calcium to other minerals in 68 specimen with minerals - fortified commercial beverages, noodles, cereals and grain products. Content of calcium, iron and zinc in samples after microwave digestion was analyzed with an ICP-OES. The measured values of calcium were ranged 82.2~293.1% of the labeled values in 38 samples composed calcium - fortified commercial beverages, noodles, cereals and grain products. The measured values of iron and zinc were ranged 83.3~301.0%, 90.1~314.1% of the labeled values in minerals - fortified commercial beverages, noodles, cereals and grain products, 42, 24 samples. The Ca : Fe ratios were 90.55 (50.55~220.64) in fruit & vegetable juice, 850.41 in fruit & vegetable beverage, 553.49 in blended beverage, 179.07 (118.37~238.01) in soy milk, 204.39(41.64~397.52) in noodle, 296.97(121.64~868.88) in fried noodle, 30.89(15.69~62.05) in cereal and 7.73(0.22~49.92) in grain product. The Ca : P ratios were 1.44(0.96~1.98) in fruit & vegetable juice, 1.92 in fruit & vegetable beverage, 1.66 in blended beverage, 4.23(2.25~7.72) in soy milk, 1.14(0.28~1.97) in noodle, 1.88(1.17~2.42) in fried noodle, 1.29(0.87~2.92) in cereal and 0.30(0.06~1.57) in grain product. The Ca : Mg ratios were 1.85(0.87~5.04) in fruit & vegetable juice, 28.72 in fruit & vegetable beverage, 2.97 in blended beverage, 5.27(2.93~9.36) in soy milk, 3.97(1.34~7.57) in noodle, 6.77(4.63~10.78) in fried noodle, 4.40(2.30~12.55) in cereal and 1.17(0.23~7.48) in grain product. These results suggest calcium contents and the ratio of calcium contents to other minerals in calcium-fortified food products should be strictly controlled. Moreover, to avoid problems with Excessive nutrition, there must be initiatives for better understanding on food labelling and nutrition for fortified food.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.727-733
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• 1995

This stduy was attempted to establish the basic data for evaluating chemical components in the sap from birches(Betula platyphylla Sukatschev, Betula costata Trautv, Betula davurica Pallas), bamboos(Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys bambusoides, Phyllostachys nigra), Darae(Actinidia arguta). Calcium and potassium in five kinds of mineral detected in the sap were dominant mineral, magnesium, sodium and iron in order and calcium, potassium and magnesium are abundant in the sap from bamboo more than the other sample and the contents were 242.0~422.1mg/L, 793.8~ 2504.1mg/L and 72.6~165.9mg/L, respectively. Free sugars of the sap determined were glucose, fructose and sucrose, but maltose was not detected. The contents of glucose and fructose of the sap from Betula platyphylla Sukatschev(#2) were the highest and 42.1g/L and 36.9g/L, respectively. The detectabel nucleotides and their related compounds were CMP, UMP, GMP, IMP, AMP and hypoxanthine. The total contents of composition amino acids detected from eighteen kinds of the sap were in the range of 2.4~30.4mg%. The major amino acids were taurine, glycine, lysine, alanine and threonine in the sap from birch(#1, #2), glutamic acid and lysine in the sap from Betula costata Trauty(#3) and Betula davurica Pallas(#4), lysine, valine, alanine, serine, tyrosine and glutamic acid in the sap from bamboos, and glutamic acid, leucine, alanine in the sap from Darae.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.55-69
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• 2002

Sedum Sarmentosum Bunge has been used as medical material and food in Korea. To upgrade it's value as a materials of beverage, I research and analysed nutritive substance and taste. Inorganic components content was included in the order of Ca, mg, P, K, Na, in line, and there were little Fe, Cu, Zn. It appeared much Ascorbic acid contents in May sample for March sample, but it was included less than other Green Vegetables. Chlorophyll contents decreased about 37.8% and 37.6% to the first each contents after seven days resulting measuring May sample and March sample in room temperature. There was much difference in appearance. Sedum Sarmentosum Bunge included a little polyphenol contents. Polyphenol contents decreased a little in five days in May sample and March sample. I measured phenol compounds of garlic acid, vani11ic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, most of consisted in corrected forms. Fragrance components were confirmed 9 kinds in March sample, 11 kind in May sample the common components in May sample and March sample were 7-octen-4-o1.