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http://dx.doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2013.46.1.50

Macromineral intake in non-alcoholic beverages for children and adolescents: Using the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV, 2007-2009)  

Kim, Sung Dan (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
Moon, Hyun-Kyung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Dankook University)
Park, Ju Sung (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
Lee, Yong Chul (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
Shin, Gi Young (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
Jo, Han Bin (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
Kim, Bog Soon (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
Kim, Jung Hun (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
Chae, Young Zoo (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
Publication Information
Journal of Nutrition and Health / v.46, no.1, 2013 , pp. 50-60 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aims of this study were to estimate daily intake of macrominerals from beverages, liquid teas, and liquid coffees and to evaluate their potential health risks for Korean children and adolescents (1-to 19 years old). Assessment of dietary intake was conducted using the actual level of sodium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium in non-alcoholic beverages and (207 beverages, 19 liquid teas, and 24 liquid coffees) the food consumption amount drawn from "The Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2009)". To estimate the dietary intake of non-alcoholic beverages, 6,082 children and adolescents (Scenario I) were compared with 1,704 non-alcoholic beverage consumption subjects among them (Scenario II). Calculation of the estimated daily intake of macrominerals was based on point estimates and probabilistic estimates. The values of probabilistic macromineral intake, which is a Monte-Carlo approach considering probabilistic density functions of variables, were presented using the probabilistic model. The level of safety for macrominerals was evaluated by comparison with population nutrient intake goal (Goal, 2.0 g/day) for sodium, tolerable upper intake level (UL) for calcium (2,500 mg/day) and phosphorus (3,000-3,500 mg/day) set by the Korean Nutrition Society (Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, KDRI). For total children and adolescents (Scenario I), mean daily intake of sodium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium estimated by probabilistic estimates using Monte Carlo simulation was, respectively, 7.93, 10.92, 6.73, 23.41, and 1.11, and 95th percentile daily intake of those was, respectively, 28.02, 44.86, 27.43, 98.14, and 3.87 mg/day. For consumers-only (Scenario II), mean daily intake of sodium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium estimated by probabilistic estimates using Monte Carlo simulation was, respectively, 19.10, 25.77, 15.83, 56.56, and 2.86 mg/day, and 95th percentile daily intake of those was, respectively, 62.67, 101.95, 62.09, 227.92, and 8.67 mg/day. For Scenarios I II, sodium, calcium, and phosphorus did not have a mean an 95th percentile intake that met or exceeded the 5% of Goal and UL.
Keywords
macrominerals; estimated daily intake; non-alcoholic beverage; probabilistic estimates;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
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