• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.108-110
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• 2013

GPS 신호에는 여러 가지 오차가 포함되어 사용자가 이를 그대로 이용할 경우 높은 정확도의 위치를 얻을 수 없다. 따라서 신호의 오차를 제거하고 높은 위치 정확도를 얻기 위하여 여러 가지 보정시스템들이 개발되어왔다. 그 중에서 광역보정시스템은 여러 개의 기준국 네트워크로부터 데이터를 수집하여 3차원 위성궤도 오차, 위성 시계오차, 서비스 지역의 전리층 지연 오차를 추정하여 사용자에게 보정정보를 제공한다. 사용자는 보정정보를 수신하여 자신의 위치에 맞는 오차정보를 계산하여 정확도를 높일 수 있다. 이러한 광역보정시스템의 성능은 기준국의 배치에 따라 차이를 보일 수 있으므로 적절한 기준국 선정을 위해서는 기준국 네트워크 변화에 따른 성능 분석이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 국토해양부 NDGPS 기준국 중에서 후보군을 선정한 후 시뮬레이션을 통하여 기준국 네트워크 변화에 따른 사용자 정확도, 가용성을 분석하였다. 그리고 실제 기준국에서 수집된 측정치를 처리하여 성능분석을 수행하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.35-41
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to determine those factors critical in the determining of regional trail routes. Initially, a consideration of the concept of the regional trail was conducted through literature reviews and 13 planning elements were determined from previous studies related to trail planning and trail construction studies. An additional 13 items were taken from literature research related to nature experiences or were sourced by interviewing experts. To verify these planning elements, a survey of experts was conducted. Individual elements were assessed concerning their degree of importance. As a result of this survey, it was found that the protection of ecologically sensitive areas and the use of existing trail routes are important route planning factors. These planning factors can be used for making decisions regarding regional trail route directions and situations.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.897-906
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose a novel MAC protocol based on the harmonic transmission of ACK, called HAT-LoRa, for improving the reliability and the utilization in multiple gateway LoRa Networks. LoRa is basically vulnerable to collision due to the primitive pure ALOHA-like MAC. Whereas data frame delivery can be guaranteed by the transparent bridge of multiple receiving gateways, ACK is still transmitted by a single gateway in LoRa Network. HAT-LoRa provides the augmented reception opportunity of ACK via the simultaneous transmissions of identical ACK in multiple spreading factors. The proposed method reduces the expected transmission times of ACK double gateway environment as well as single gateway environment, by 55 and 60% in maximum, by 35% and 40% in average, in a single- and double-gateway environment, respectively. Especially, it outperforms under the environment where the distance between end device and gateways are similar to each other.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.367-373
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• 2013

Wide area differential GNSS(WA-DGNSS) collects GPS measurements from the several reference stations and estimates 3-D satellite orbit error, satellite clock error, ionospheric delay. These correction messages are broadcasted to user, then user can have more accurate and reliable position estimates. The performance of WA-DGPS can be changed depending on the position of reference stations. To select proper reference stations, performance analysis with the change of reference stations is necessary. In this paper, changing the geographical location of reference stations, we carried out simulation based test and show the performance of WA-DGNSS in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.239-250
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• 2022

LoRa is a physical layer technology designed to secure highly reliable long-range communication with introducing loco parentis tree network and chirp spreading spectrum. Since since a leaf can send message to more than one parents simultaneously with a single transmission in a region, packet delivery ratio increases logarithmically as the number of gateways increases. The delivery ratio, however, dramatically collapses even under loco parentis tree topology due to the limitations of ALOHA-like primitive MAC, . The proposed method is intended to exploit SDMA approach to reuse frequency in an area. With the view, TxPower of each sender for each message in a concurrent transmission is elaborately controlled to survive the collision at different gateway. Thus, the gain from the capture effect improves the capacity of resource-hungry Low Power and Wide Area Networks.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.1463-1466
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 IPv6 네트워크에서 이동성을 지원할 때, 광역 이동 시에는 Mobile IPv6 를 사용하고 지역 이동 시에는 바인딩 갱신 정보를 해당 지역으로 국한시키는 지역적 이동성 지원 방안을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방안의 장점은 이동 노드의 기능만을 향상시키면 어떤 외부 도메인으로 이동 노드가 로밍하더라도 지역적 이동성을 제공받을 수 있으므로 상호 운용의 문제가 없다는 것으로써, 다른 어떠한 지역적, 혹은 마이크로 이동성 지원 방안과도 차별화 된다. 제안된 이동성 제공 방안의 성능을 알아보기 위하여 네트워크 안의 에이전트들에게 전달되는 바인딩 갱신율을 해석적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 제안된 방안은 홈 에이전트로의 바인딩 갱신 횟수를 줄임으로써 홈 에이전트의 처리 부하와 인터넷 백본으로의 트래픽 양을 감소시킴을 보였다. 또한 Mobile IPv6보다 핸드오프 시 바인딩 갱신 지연과 패킷 손실율이 적음을 입증하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 2024

In south korea, the elderly population has been continuously increasing, so blind spots in administrative welfare services for the elderly are expected to increase. therefore, this study aimed to analyze the types of blind spots in administrative welfare services for the elderly in gijang-gun, Busan, where the elderly population is increasing. using a network analysis, the demand and service supply ranges were derived. after that, in comparison to their sizes, the blind spots were divided into three types: i) blind spots in service supply, ii) blind spots in mobility constraint, and iii) dual blind spots. As a result, in gijang-gun, the blind spots in mobility constraint were 21.5%, the dual blind spots were 9.5%, and the blind spots in service supply were 3.2%. Based on these results, this study suggested policy directions for resolving the blind spots in administrative welfare services for the elderly by type.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10c
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• pp.391-393
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• 2001

이동컴퓨팅 환경에서 호스트의 이동성으로 야기되는 멀티미디어 데이터전송 문제 해결에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다 . 멀티캐스트는 멀티미디어 데이터가 차지하는 많은 네트워크 트래픽을 수신자에게 효율적으로 분배함으로써 네트워크 트래픽을 줄일수 있다. 그러나 이동 호스트를 대상으로 하는 멀티캐스트는 무선자원의 효율적 사용을 위해 셀 반경이 작아짐에 따라 빈번하게 그룹의 멤버와 위치를 변화시키기 때문에 라우팅 경로의 최적화, 투명성 제공, 잦은 핸드오프로 인한 등록지연에 따른 서비스 단절과 패킷손실의 증가에 대한 명확한 대책이 제시되지 못하고 있다. 또한 멀티캐스트를 지원하지 않는 영역으로 이동했을 때의 데이터전송에 관한 문제점도 내포하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제의 해결방안으로 이동컴퓨팅환경에서 Hop Counter로 정의된 서비스 범위를 하나의 그룹이라 정의하고 그룹기반의 멀티캐스트 라우팅 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 셀이 마이크로화됨에 따라 나타나는 Hop 증가에 따른 전송 오버로드와 터널링 문제를 해결하고, 광역 네트워크에서의 멀티캐스팅을 담당하는 에이전트의 부하를 감소시킴으로써 성능 향상을 기대할 수 있다. 또한 호스트가 이동한 FA가 멀티캐스트를 지원하지 않을 때 MA가 그룹의 특정 호스트로부터 보낸 데이터를 받기 위해서 주변에 인접해 있는 MA중 멀티캐스트를 지원하고 가장 작은 Hop을 갖은 MA를 터널의 대리자로 등록해 놓음으로써 멀티캐스팅이 지원되지 않은 환경에서의 멀티캐스팅이 이루어질 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.12-23
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• 2019

This study aims to suggest analysis schemes of urban forests acting as wind ventilation corridor(wind ventilation forest). For this purpose, wind corridor forests were classified into three types: wind-generating forests(WGF), wind-spreading forests (WSF), and wind-connecting forests(WCF), and they were classified into three grades. WGF, WSF and WCF were classified based on the density of forest type map, vegetation index, and ventilation networks, respectively. As a result of analyzing wind corridor forests for Daegu Metropolitan City(883.56㎢), the area of WGF was classified as 443.1㎢ and distributed in the northern and southern regions of Daegu Metropolitan City. Among them, the first grade of WGF occupied the largest area(345.59㎢) and the highest rate(54.44%) in Dalseong-gun. On the other hand, WGF was not found in Jung-gu, because this administrative district is isolated from the forest area. WSF was 32.4㎢, which included representative urban parks of Daegu Metropolitan City, and WSF were found relatively much in Suseong-gu and Dalseong-gun. However, WSF were distributed throughout Metropolitan City, and the vegetation index was not high. The ventilation network that can form WCF included major rivers and roads in Daegu Metropolitan City, but this network was not connected to the urban park from the outer forest. Therefore, it was judged that the formation of WCF connecting WGF outside the city and WSF inside the city would be important. The results of this study can be used as a basic data for systematic wind corridor forest projects, and can be used as basic data for establishing guidelines for wind corridor forest analysis at national and local levels.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.5 no.12
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• pp.455-462
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• 2016

Wireless sensor networks have been researched to gather data about events on sensor fields from sources at sinks. Multipath routing is one of attractive approaches to reliably send data against the problem of frequent breakages on paths from sources to sinks due to node and link failures. As mobile events such as humans, animals, and vehicles are considered, sources may be continuously generated according to the movement of the mobile event. Thus, mobile events provide new challenging issue in multipath routing. However, the research on multipath routing mainly focus on both efficient multipath construction from sources to static sinks and fast multipath reconstruction against path breakages. Accordingly, the previous multipath routing protocols request each source continuously generated by a mobile event to construct individual multipath from the source to sinks. This induces the increase of multipath construction cost in the previous protocols in proportion to the number of source. Therefore, we propose efficient multipath routing protocol for supporting continuous sources generated by mobile events. In the proposed protocol, new source efficiently reconstructs its multipath by exploiting the existing multipath of previous sources. To do this, the proposed protocol selects one among three reconstruction methods: a local reconstruction, a global partial one, and a global full one. For a selection decision, we provide an analytical energy consumption cost model that calculates the summation of both the multipath reconstruction cost and the data forwarding cost. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol has better performance than the previous protocol to provide multipath routing for mobile events.