• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 1989

Tumors originated from peripheral nerve tissues are neurofibroma, neurilemoma, plexiform neurofibroma, malignant schwannoma, and granular cell tumor. Neurofibromas seem to occur in two forms : The first one is circumscribed solitary neurofibroma and the second group is neurofibromatosis or Von Recklinghausen's disease, which is a congenital and familial disease, presenting abnormalities of the skin, nerve system, bones and soft tissue. A solitary neurofibroma is a benign, relatively circumscribed, noncapsulated tumor which often presents in the skin and subcutaneous tissue as a soft sessile or pedunculated mass. It may occur anywhere in the head and neck, but the common site of the occurrence is the tongue, buccal mucosa, palate in frequency. Since solitary neurofibroma is a relatively radioresistant and its recurrence rate seem to be low, the treatment of choice is surgical excision. The author would like to present a case of unusually large solitary neurofibroma occured in the chin, which was successfully treated with surgical excision and reconstructed using deltopectoral flap and tongue flap.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2008

Purpose: Microvascular reconstructive surgery has become an integral part of the treatment of head and neck cancer patients. This review of 121 free flaps for head and neck cancer patients performed over the last 11 years was done to evaluate circulatory crisis, salvage, and secondary reconstruction and to investigate which factors may contribute to these rates. Method: Nine emergent explorations among 121 head and neck reconstruction with free flaps were reviewed to analyze detection of vascular crisis, the time interval from detection of circulatory crisis to exploration, operation procedures and results, and secondary reconstructions. Emergent exploration was done with our protocol. Result: Nine free flaps exhibited signs of vascular problems between 1 day and 6 days postoperatively. The emergent exploration rate of this series was 7.4% (9/121). The salvage rate was 55.6% (5/9), giving an overall flap viability of 96.7% (117/121). In our study, preoperative radiation therapy, positive smoking history, alcohol consumption history, combined disease such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, recipient vessels and types of vascular anastomosis were not related to the causes of circulatory crisis. The mean time interval between the onset of clinical recognition of impaired flap perfusion and re-exploration of the salvaged 5 flaps was 3.2 hours, that of failed 4 flaps was 11.25 hours. Conclusion: Despite high overall success rate, relatively low salvage rate may be attributed to late detection of circulatory crisis and in long time interval between detection and exploration. We conclude that early detection of circulatory crisis and expeditious re-exploration are a matter of great importance for the success of salvage operation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.168-173
• /
• 2006

The side effects of head and neck radiation therapy include mucositis, xerostomia, loss of taste, radiation caries, oral infection, osteoradionecrosis and trismus. When a patient is arranged to begin head & neck radiotherapy, oral pathologic lesions are examined and managed for the prevention of oral complications. The advanced odontogenic infection should be especially controlled before the radiotherapy and the patient must be instructed for proper oral prophylaxis. Generally the more conservative treatments, such as, scaling, restoration, endodontic treatment, are the care of choice and dental extraction is performed in advanced periapical and periodontal pathologic conditions. If the dental extraction should be done, the radiotherapy consequently will be delayed until there is epithelium covering the extraction socket, leaving no exposed bone. The cancer patient with severe emotional stress pray for the early radiation therapy, in spite of possibility of the recurrent odontogenic infectious lesions. So, the authors attempted to do the early radiation therapy by the conservative endodontic drainage and surgical incision & drainage without extraction of the infected teeth, and resulted in relatively good prognosis without the severe side effects of head and neck radiotherapy.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.169-175
• /
• 2011

Background: Teeth requiring extraction before radiotherapy in head & neck cancer patients should be removed as long as possible before the initiation of radiation therapy. Conventionally, a minimum 2-week waiting primary healing period is recommended. Although the above 2-week period is ideal, it was not uncommon for the radiotherapist and cancer patient to feel an urgent need to process with radiotherapy despite the need for dental care. Therefore, alternative approaches for early radiotherapy, including conservative endodontic treatment and a 1-week waiting primary healing period after dental extraction at the time of radiotherapy, were considered and applied based on the experimental study Materials and Methods: Eighteen dogs were processed for histopathologic wound healing. The effect of the primary endodontic treatment and extraction before early radiotherapy was examined. Results: No specific complication, such as, post-extraction wound infection, radiation osteitis and osteoradionecrosis, were encountered despite the early radiotherapy. Conclusion: Based on the experimental study, a minimum 1-week waiting primary healing period for oral care before radiotherapy is suitable for the early radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.251-255
• /
• 2005

Radiotherapy for head and neck tumors is a viable treatment modality. However, a wide range of potentially debilitating dental complications may be accompanied by this treatment. We report two cases of developmental disturbance of permanent tooth germs after radiotherapy. The one was that of a seven-year-old girl, who had congenitally missing teeth, and microdontia of permanent tooth germs. she had received radiotherapy for acute myelocytic leukemia at the age of 19 months. The other was that of a nine-year-old boy, in which congenitally missing teeth, microdontia, root hypoplasia, and enamel hypoplasia of permanent teeth were observed. He had undergone a course of radiotherapy for bilateral retinoblastoma at the age of 13 months.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
• /
• 1993.05a
• /
• pp.106-106
• /
• 1993

Cancer of the larynx is the most common malignant neoplasm of head and neck and has a generally favorable prognosis. But its incidences of lymph node metastasis and recurrence depend on the primary site of lesion. Especially, supraglottic carcinoma tends to involve the cervical lymph node with easy. We have analyzed retrospectively 49 cases of supraglottic carcinoma treated surgically with or without radiotherapy from March 1986 to February 1992 at the department of otolaryngology, Pusan National University Hospital to find out the incidence of ipsilateral and contralateral lymph node metastasis and to establish the indication of neck dissection followed by T stage. The incidence to the ispilateral and contralateral cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with lateral (aryepiglottic fold) lesions is higher than that in those with midline (epiglottis) lesion. And average incidence of isplateral lymph node metastasis was 51.0% regardless of T stage. Therefore routine neck dissection should be considered in surgical treatment of supraglottic carcinoma, especially, over T2 stage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.84 no.5
• /
• pp.1134-1139
• /
• 2023

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare malignant cutaneous tumor primarily located in the head and neck. We report the imaging features of pathologically confirmed MCC in the trunk. On US, MCC showed heterogeneous echogenicity with perpendicular hypoechoic linear bands that resembled "columns of smoke" in the skin and subcutaneous layers as well as prominent vascularity. On MRI, the tumor showed hypointensity on T1-weighted images and hyperintensity on proton density and T2-weighted images with linear low-signal bands in the skin and subcutaneous layers as well as intense enhancement on T1-enhanced images. Although MCC has nonspecific imaging features, these characteristics may be helpful for the early diagnosis of this disease.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 1994

Seventy-five patients with tumors of the head and neck treated with either radiation therapy alone or combined with surgery or chemotherapy were studied prospectively to evaluate the effects of radiation therapy to the neck on thyroid gland between September 1986 and October 1992. All patients were serially monitored for thyroid function tests before and after radiation therapy. Radiation dose to the thyroid gland ranged from 35 to 60 Gy with a median dose of 50 Gy. Median follow-up time was 30 months with a range of 11 to 85 months. The incidence of thyroid dysfunction was 40$ \% $: forty-five patients(60$ \% $) euthyroid, 2 patients(3$ \% $) clinical hypothyroidism, 27 patients(36$ \% $) subclinical hypothyroidism and 1 patient(1$ \% $) hyperthyroidism. No thyroid nodules or thyroid cancer were detected in any patients. Thyroid dysfunction appeared earlier in patients who underwent surgery than in those patients treated with radiation therapy alone or combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy(P=0.0013). By multivariate analysis, risk factors that significantly influenced a higher incidence of thyroid dysfunction were female sex(p=0.0293) and combination of total laryngectomy and radiation therapy(p : 0.0045). In conclusion, evaluation of thyroid function before and after radiation therapy with periodic thyroid function tests are recommended to detect thyroid dysfunction in time and thyroid hormone replacement therapy is recommended whenever thyroid dysfunction develops.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.45-59
• /
• 2000

Cis-platin is a widely used anticancer drug against certain solid tumors such as malignant ovarian tumor, malignant carcinoma of head and neck, bladder cancer and cervical cancer of uterus, and its major mechanism of action is inhibition of DNA synthesis of the tumor cell. To investigate the inhibitory effects of cis-platin on the ciliogensis of the ciliated cells in the mucosa of oviduct, the author pursued the alterations of $\alpha-tubulin$, which is the main constituent of the microtubles in cilia, after cis-platin treatment. To eliminate the possible variations due to ovarian cycle, female Spargue-Dawley rats ($150\sim200gm$ in B.W.) were pretreated with estradiol benzoate (20 mg/kg, once a day, for 4 consecutive days). Animals were administrated with cis-platin (6 mg/kg, i.p.) and sacrificed at 1day, 3days, 5days and 7days after treatment, respectively. Immunohistochemistry for $\alpha-tubulin$ using mouse anti-rat $\alpha-tubulin$ monoclonal antibody as primary antibody was done. Immunogold electronmicroscopy for intracellular distributions of $\alpha-tubulin$ was also performed with same primary antibody and Goat anti- mouse IgM which is preconjugated with gold particles of 15 nm as secondary antibody. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Strong immunoreactivity of $\alpha-tubulin$ was observed in ciliated cells of oviducts at 1, 3 and 5 days after estradiol pretreatment. 2. Weak immunoreactivity of $\alpha-tubulin$ was observed in ciliated cells of oviducts at 1 and 3 days after cis-platin treatment but it was recovered to strong immunoreactivity in 5 days 3. In immunogold electronmicroscopy, density of gold particles for $\alpha-tubulin$ reactions was decreased in apical cytoplasm, but few changes were observed in basal body or cilia at 1 and 3 days after cis-platin treatment. From these above results, it is indicated that synthesis of $\alpha-tubulin$ in ciliated cells of rat oviduct is inhibited by cis-platin treatment.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1986.10a
• /
• pp.607-612
• /
• 1986

최근 테니스의 저변인구가 크게 증가함에 따라 테니스 라켓의 제작기술도 상당한 수준에 이르렀고 설계제작의 자동화에 의해서 양질의 제품이 시판되고 있다. 그러나 라켓에 볼이 임팩트될때 생기는 진동으로 야기되는 테니스 엘보우 등, 해결해야 할 문제들이 아직도 남아 있다. 이와같이 테니스 라켓의 정적인 강도 뿐만아니라 동적인 특성도 중요한 관심의 대상이 되어감에 따라 볼 컨트롤을 용이하게 한다거나, 안정타점영역(Sweet Spot)의 확장과 그립부의 진동등에 의해서 발생하는 엘보우 현상을 방지하기 위해 여러가지 연구가 수행되어 왔다. 특히, 다차원 스펙트럼해석 및 모우드 해석법에의해 그립부에 미치는 진동원의 동정과 라켓의 동적거동에 대해서 연구되었고, 라켓의 재질변경과 그립부의 구조변경에 의한 안정타점영역에 영향을 미치는 모우드 파라미터(Modal Parameter)의 추정에 관한 연구도 수행되었다. 이러한 연구들은 결국 안정타점영역을 확장시키거나 테니스 엘보우를 방지하기 위한 것으로서 이러한 목적을 달성하기위해 테니스 라켓의 진동 모우드에 관계되는 파라미터들을 찾아서 그 모우드 파라미터의 변화에 따르느 진동 모우드의 거동에 대해서 연구할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 실험적인 모우드 해석법을 실제 테니스 라켓에 적용하여 모우드 파라미터들을 구한 다음 그 파라미터의 변화에 따르는 안정타점영역의 변화를 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해서 예측하였다. 또한 안정타점영역을 넓히고 라켓의 동특성을 개선시킬 수 있는 모우드 파라미터를 찾아서 테니스 라켓의 설계, 제작 단계에 정보를 제공하는 CAD(Computer Aided Design)에 좋은 자료를 얻고자 한다. 있으나 파도에 의한 영향이 가장 크므로 본 논문에서는 파도에 의한 영향만을 고려하였다. 파도는 쌍동선에 외란으로 작용하며 측정할 수 없는 양이므로 PID, LQ 제어에서는 제어모델에 포함되지 않지만 LQG 제어에서는 제어모델에 포함된다. LQG 제어의 경우 제어모델에 파도를 백색잡음으로 가정하고 제어기를 구성한 것 (LQG1)과 2차의 쉐이핑필터(shaping filter)를 사용하여 구성한 것(LQG2)으로 나누었다.져 한다.) 식도 이물에 의한, 또는 식도경술에 의한 합병증이 초래한 경우는 식도점막열상 1례 (1.8 %), 식도 천공 1례 (1.8 %) 였으며, 기도이물에 의한, 또는 기관지경술에 의한 합병증이 초래한 경우는 무기폐 2례 (11.1 %), 폐렴 3례 (16.7 %)로 나타났다.5예에서 소실되었다. 5 ) 청각심리검사 (Psychoacoustic evaluation)에서 폴립은 술전에 Grade 1∼2의 사성이 있었던 11예중 술후 10예에서 Grade 0로 되었으며 Grade 1∼2의 사성이 있었던 3예의 결절에서도 모두 Grade 0로 정상화되었다.>치를 측정한 결과 투여전과 차이가 없었다. 7) 이상의 결과로 볼때 Cis-platinum 사용으로 인한 이중독증은 신장기능이 정상일때는 충분한 hydration으로써 예방이 가능하며 동시에 금기로 알려져왔던 감음성난청이 있는 두경부악성종양환자에서도 세심한 주의하에 적절히 사용한다면 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사려된다.은 결과를 얻었기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 1) 이관폐쇄술후 18시간에 최초로 삼출액이 확인되었으며 그 이후는 전실험군에서 삼출성중이염이 유발되다. 2