• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1503-1511
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• 2002

Purpose : Although the short- and long-term outcomes of low birth weight(LBW) neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) survivors have been extensively studied, much less information is available for normal birth weight(NBW) infants(greater than 2,500 gm) who require NICU care. Methods : We retrospectively examined the neonatal hospitalizations and one year health status of 302 NBW and 131 LBW admissions to our NICU. Information on the neonatal hospitalization was obtained from a review of medical records. Postdischarge health status was collected by using telephone surveys and medical records. Results : After initial discharge, 21.2% of the NBW infants and 23% of the LBW infants required rehospitalization during the first year of life and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The reasons for rehospitalization of the NBW infants included respiratory disorders (32.1%), G-I problems(26.2%), genitourinary problems(11.9%), surgery(10.7%), cardiac problems(7.1%), and congenital/developmental problems(1.2%). For the LBW infants, the order of frequency was the same, with the percentages slightly different. Neonatal risk factors related to the rehospitalization of the NBW infants included mechanical ventilation, duration of mechanical ventilation, and congenital anomaly. But no positive significant correlation of neonatal risk factors with rehospitalization of LBW infants was found. Conclusion : Low and normal birthweight NICU survivors were rehospitalized at similar rates. The most common cause of rehospitalization was respiratory problems. Neonatal risk factors related to rehospitalization of NBW infants were mechanical ventilation, duration of mechanical ventilation, and congenital anomaly. However, no positive significant correlation of neonatal risk factors with rehospitalization of LBW infants was found. The data suggests that NBW infant survivors, as well as LBW infant NICU survivors, require close follow up.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.279-286
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• 2005

Purpose : There are two modalities, those are small bowel series(SBS) and abdominal pelvic computed tomography(CT), for diagnosis of small bowel disease. The aim of this study is to lend radiological technologists who are doing the two modalities assistance in the understanding characteristic of disease by comparing the two results. Meterials and method : 284 patients were examined the two SBS and abdominal pelvic CT together from 1999 to 2003. 250 ml $BaSO_4$ suspension 40 w/v% and 600ml carboxy methyl cellulose 0.5 w/v% were used for SBS. Abdominal Pelvic CT was examined in one hour before taking 450 ml $BaSO_4$ suspension 1.5 w/v%. The CT scan was done in 72 sec after 150 ml contrast media injection. the used protocol was helical mode 5:5 mm pitch 1.375:1, speed 27.50, exposure 120 kv, 240 mA, tube rotation time 0.5 sec. the statistic analysis was conducted with statistical program SPSS 10 version with frequency and crossing analysis. P-value less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results : In the results of SBS, normal findings were 131 patients(46.1%), inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) 64(22.9%), ischemia+ileocolitis+vasculitis 22(7.7%), Obstruction+stricture 21(7.7%) and Others 45(15.9%). In the results of abdominal pelvic CT, normal findings were 103 patients(36.3%), inflammatory bowel disease 65(22.9%), wall thickening+lymphadenopathy 42(14.8%), Fluid collection 17(6%), and Others 57case(20%). The same results of the two were 130patients(45.8%). 30patients(10.6%) of normal finding in SBS were diagnosed as wall thickening+lymphadenopathy and IBD in CT, and 15patients(5.3%) of normal finding in CT were diagnosed as ischemia+ileocolitis+vasculitis, mass and IBD in SBS(p<0.05). Transit time delay was diagnosed in 10patients(3.5%) on only SBS, wall thickening+lymphadenopathy was diagnosed in 20patients(7%) in only CT(p<0.05). Conclusion : We think that proper examination method will be selected in the small bowel disease, if we understand the characteristics of the disease and method.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2005

Purpose : Metabolic bone diseases have been mai or problems in children with renal diseases and steroid treatment is the main precipitating factor reducing bone mineral density(BMD). This study was performed to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis and to evaluate the clinical factors associated with decreased BMD in children with renal diseases. Methods : Forty-four children with renal diseases who were diagnosed at the Pediatric no phrology division of Ajou University hospital since Oct. 1994 were included. Using a new quantitative ultrasound device, BMD and the prevalence of osteoporosis were evaluated. The clinical and serological data were analyzed in association with decreased BMD. Results : A total of 44 patients were evaluated. The age at initial diagnosis was 6.7$\pm$4.2 years. At the time of evaluation, the chronological and bone age was 9.3$\pm$4.2 years and 8.2 $\pm$ 4.6 years, respectively. The renal diseases included nephrotic syndrome 24(54.5%), Henoch Schonlein purpura nephritis 7(15.9%), IgA nephropathy 6(13.9%), reflux nephropathy(RN) 2 (4.5%), and other renal disease 5(%). The prevalence of osteoporosis was 11%. There was no difference in the clinical factors between the long-term and the short-term treated steroid groups. Conclusion : The prevalence of osteoporosis was 12% in 44 children with renal diseases No significant factor was found in association with decreased BMD and there was no relationship between osteoporosis and steroid usage duration or cumulative dose. A new quantitative ultrasound, which is relatively easy to perform, especially in children, is expected to be in common use and will enable clinicians to evaluate metabolic bone disorders with ease.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.539-548
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• 2019

This study was designed to examine the effects of complex breathing exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation of Quadriceps Femoris muscle on pulmonary function and cerebral cortex activity in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After collecting samples from 20 patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease aged 60 to 80, 10 patients each were randomly placed in an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group conducted complex breathing exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation of Quadriceps Femoris muscle, and the control group only conducted complex breathing exercise. As a pretest, pulmonary function and cerebral cortex activity were measured. The intervention program was applied to each group for 30 minutes, once a day, for 4 days a week, for 6 weeks, and the posttest was carried out the same way as the pretest. As a result, both groups showed significant differences in FEV1.0(Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second)(p<.001)(p<.05), and there were significant differences between the groups as well(p<.05). When comparing alpha waves in each domain of cerebral cortex, both of the experimental and control groups showed significant differences in Fp1, Fp2, F3 and F4 domains (p<.01)(p<.05). During the 6-week experiment, complex breathing exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation of Quadriceps Femoris muscle improved pulmonary function of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in relation to cerebral cortex activity, a positive breathing change was found due to the increase of alpha waves in the forehead domain. Therefore, it is considered that applying neuromuscular electrical stimulation of Quadriceps Femoris muscle to patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease additionally along with complex breathing exercise will bring a better therapeutic effect.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.354-364
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• 2016

To evaluate the oral health status and to assess the resultant dental treatment needs in adolescents, 2,062 adolescents aged 14-17 years attending middle and high schools in Yangsan were surveyed by clinical examination and questionnaires. The obtained results were as follows. In the dental caries examination based on WHO criteria, the treatment needs of 66.7% of the subjects were determined. Assessment of dental erosion by the VEDE system indicated the treatment needs in 27.8% of the subjects, while MIH examination based on EAPD criteria indicated the treatment needs in 14.7%. Assessment of malocclusion using the occlusal index showed good occlusion in 67.8%, no need for treatment in 19.7%, slight need for treatment in 6.8%, definite need for treatment in 4.5%, and worst occlusion in 1.1% of the subjects, showing 12.5% of average treatment need. The prevalence and treatment need for periodontal disease was found to be 71.2% by CPITN assessments. The assessment of temporomandibular disorders by Helkimo's anamnestic index showed no symptoms in 67.1%, mild symptoms in 13.4%, and severe symptoms in 19.5% of the examinees. The overall treatment need of TMD was 20.6%. Periodontal diseases were ranked the highest in treatment need, followed by dental caries, dental erosion, MIH, TMD, and malocclusion in order. The results of this study indicated the overall status of adolescents'oral health and dental treatment needs. These might hopefully provide fundamental data and contribute to establishing promotional projects for adolescent oral health in Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2020

Type III Glycogen storage disease (Type III GSD, OMIM#232400) is a genetic metabolic disorder in which undigested glycogen accumulates in the organs due to lack of glycogen debranching enzyme caused by AGL mutation. The clinical symptoms of type III GSD include hepatomegaly, delayed growth, hypoglycemia and muscle weakness. These clinical symptoms are similar to those of other types of GSD, making it difficult to distinguish clinically. The authors report a case of type III GSD diagnosed by gene panel sequencing. A 11-month old male patient was presented with hepatomegaly. In liver biopsy, glycogen was accumulated in hepatocytes, suggesting GSDs. For differential diagnosis of types of GSD, gene panel sequencing for GSDs was performed. As a result, two novel pathogenic compound heterozygous variants: c.311_312del (p.His104Argfs*15) and c.3314+1G>A in AGL were detected and the patient was diagnosed as type III GSD. After diagnosis, he started dietary treatment with cornstarch, and has been free from complications. After two years, two same variants were also identified in the chorionic villous sampling of the pregnant mother, and the fetus was diagnosed as type III GSD. Gene panel sequencing is useful for diagnosis of disease which is indistinguishable by clinically and has high genetic heterogeneity, such as GSD. After diagnosis, familial genetic analysis can provide adequate genetic counseling and rapid diagnosis.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.557-562
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• 2016

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis are gram-negative bacteria frequently found in lesions from patients with periodontitis manifesting alveolar bone loss. Lipopolysaccharides are a major virulence factor of gram-negative bacteria. Bone resorption is known to be regulated by bacteria and their virulence factors. In the present study, we investigated the effects of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis on bone resorption. Heat-killed A. actinomycetemcomitans (HKAa) and heatkilled P. gingivalis (HKPg) induced bone loss in the femurs of mice after intraperitoneal administration. HKAa and HKPg augmented the differentiation of committed osteoclast precursors into osteoclasts, while they inhibited the differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages into osteoclasts. Concordant with the effects of the heat-killed whole cells, LPS purified from A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis also augmented osteoclast differentiation from committed osteoclast precursors but attenuated it from bone marrow-derived macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that the whole cells and lipopolysaccharides of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis induce the differentiation of committed osteoclast precursors into osteoclasts, potentially contributing to bone resorption in vivo.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.24 no.1 s.33
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• pp.93-97
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• 1991

The time honoured tuning fork at present widely available for examining vibration sensation is brought about the problem of great interobserver variation. To resolve t his problem, author developed a divice using electric magnet that stimulates constantly tuning fork. The perception time of vibration from tunung fork by this device was tested on the index finger of dominant hand of twenty eight subjects. It was 12.44 seconds on average and ranged from 9.47 to 17.25. Coefficient of variation of it was 16.89 percent. Correlation coefficient between test and retest after 30 minutes was 0.957(p<0.01). This device is portable. Test procedure in non-invasive, non-aversive and simple, can be performed within one minute, and does not require the skilled technician. It is felt that this device testing vibration perception time is suitable as screening tool for early detection of occupational peripheral neuropathy.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.53-59
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study wasto evaluate the comparison of CT arthrography and ultrasonography, confirmed by the arthroscopic finding in patients with rotator cuff disease. Materials and Methods: We evaluated fifty seven patients with rotator cuff disease underwent CTA and arthroscopy, and twenty eight patients had taken ultrasonographyadditionally. The diagnostic value and prediction for tear size between CTA and ultrasonography were evaluated, as compared to arthroscopic findings. Results: CTA showed a sensitivity of 86.2% and a specificity of 100% in full thickness tear ofsupraspinatus, a sensitivity of 58.3% and a specificity of 87.8% in partial-thickness tear. CTA demonstrated good diagnostic value for full thickness tear, but there was relatively lower value for partial-thickness tear. Ultrasonography showed a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 86.7% for diagnosing in full thickness tear, a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 73.3% in partial-thickness tear. Ultrasonography provided good diagnostic value, but, there is lesser accurate result for prediction of tear size. Conclusion: CTA showedgood diagnostic tool of detection full-thickness tear of rotator cuff disease and predicting of tear size. Comparing with ultrasonography, CTA was inferior for detection of partial-thickness tear, but, provided better estimation for tear size.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1354-1359
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• 1996

Few observation have been made on the pericardial pressure and little is known about the composition of he pericardial fluid. So we studied the basic qualitative and quantitative analysis of the pericardial fluid in the patients with cardiac disease either congenital heart diasese(group A) or acquired heart disease(group B). The pressure of the pericardial cavity was measured by the method of open tipped water filled small polyethylene catheter connecting to the standardized monitor, which was introduced into pericardium of the patients who were performed pericardial incision for the heart or pericardial surgery. All of the data was compared to the simultaneously checked hematologic value of the same patient. The mean pressure of the pericardial cavity was 2.4mmHg and the amount of the pericardial fluid was 13cc/m2 of body surface for the group A and 17.7cc for the group B. And the cell count was 138$\pm$l16/1 in group A and 230$\pm$135/1 in group B and the pH was 7.83$\pm$0.40 in group A. 7.80$\pm$0.52 in group B. Pericardial fluid revealed satisfactically significant alkaline pH than plasma. The fundamental electrolyte, Wa+, K+, Cl and glucose were identical to the hematologic values of the same patient, but the protein concentration was 2.Bg/dL for group A and 3.Ig/dL for group B heart disease and those were remarkable low concentration compared to the hematologic value of the same patient. LDH and amylase were identical to the value of the serum of the same patient, but the concentration of LDH of group B was slightly higher than that of the group A.