• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.59
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• pp.241-260
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to explore Buddhist interpretation of Jeong Mong-joo, a Confucian scholar of the late Goryeo Dynasty. Buddhism in the latter part of the Goryeo Dynasty was no longer able to exercise the social purity of the national spirit and culture. In this situation, Neo-Confucian was gradually accepted. Thus, a change of ideology was made from Buddhism to Confucianism. Jeong Mong-joo's academic world was based on the fundamental scriptures of Confucianism. Jeong Mong-joo was especially well versed on the Book of Changes in the fundamental scriptures of Confucianism. Jeong Mong-joo emphasized the Book of Changes as the basis of the Buddhist interpretation. Jeong Mong-joo met the doctrines through various Buddhist scriptures. He was interested in Buddhism. There were not a few meetings and social gatherings with Buddhist monks. For this reason, Jeong Mong-joo cannot ignore his connection with Buddhism. On the other hand, Jeong Mong-joo is characterized by his understanding of Buddhism and his critical consciousness as Confucianist.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.66
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• pp.103-128
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• 2017

Slaves have been investigated around diaries or slave ownership papers of nobilities up to now. While slaves were described in tales or stories on loyal slaves or historic tales, slaves were not sufficiently examined. This paper analyzed the actual awareness on slaves through the description on slaves in Chinese poem. It was generally very difficult to deal with young slaves because young slaves were included in the lowest class without education and not an adult. The fugitive slaves were loss of labor and brought the emotional betrayal. There were spells to make fugitive slaves return. The sense of loss was nearly same in the death of slaves as in the death of family members. The longer the slaves lived with owners, the greater the sense of loss was. However, the difference of awareness on slaves per period was not identified in this paper. It can be identified only by fully examining more data on slaves. It will be the theme of further study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.333-342
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• 2021

In this study, we analyzed the vocabulary, lemmas, keywords, and n-grams in 『Treasure Island』 to identify certain linguistic features of this British-American children's adventure novel. The current study found that, contrary to the popular claim that frequently-used words are important and essential to a story, the set of frequently-used words in 『Treasure Island』 were mostly function words and proper nouns that were not directly related to the plot found in 『Treasure Island』. We also ascertained that a list of keywords using a statistical method making use of a corpus program was not good enough to surmise the story of 『Treasure Island』. However, we managed to extract 30 keywords through the first quantitative keyword analysis and then a second qualitative keyword analysis. We also carried out a series of n-gram analyses and were able to discover lexical bundles that were preferred and frequently used by the author of 『Treasure Island』. We hope that the results of this study will help spread this knowledge among British-American children's literature as well as to further put forward corpus stylistic theory.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.39-47
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• 2022

This study aims at evaluating the stability of disaster risks, such as schools, apartments, and geotechnical structures located around slopes in urban areas. The research conducted an aerial photography analysis on where the slope of the retaining wall behind 𐩒𐩒 High School in Gwangju collapsed in August 2018 due to heavy rain. In general, the overflow of rainwater has been managed through drainage channels around slopes during the rainy season, and the surface flow of rainfall was limited due to the presence of dense forests in the area. However, when the slope collapsed, a lot of water flowed out of the ground, and the saturated surface layer ground was destroyed. To analyze the cause, the changed terrain of the upper slope area, which could not be directly identified, was photographed using unmanned aerial vehicles. Digital Elevation Model by unmanned aerial vehicle shooting was performed by analyzing the slope map, calculating the direction of rainfall and the length and width of water-logged areas. The change in the instability of the slope over time due to a 10-day rainfall was also analyzed through numerical analysis.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 1987

Lipases from Candida rogosa and Rhizopus arrhizus were immobilized by entrapment with photo-crosslinkable resin prepolymer for the study of fat splitting and interesterification in isooctane-two phase system. Dioctylsulfosuccinate was selected as the most suitable surfactant during the immobilization. Lipase entrapped with hydrophobic photo-crosslinkable resin prepolymer(ENTP-3000) exhibited the highest activity, whereas lipase entrapped with hydrophilic gel(ENT-4000) was more stable in organic solvent. As the degree of hydrophobicity of the immobilization matrix was increased, Vm(app) of the lipase entrapped was increased, but Km(app) was approximately constant. While the optimum pH of the lipases entrapped on hydrophilic gel (ENT-4000) were around pH 7.0 for Candida lipase and Rhizopus lipase, the reaction rate of the lipases entrapped on hydrophobic gel were less dependent on pH variations for short reaction time. However, for longer reaction time, the lipnses from C. rugosa and R. arrhizus entrapped on hydrophobic gel yielded maximum rate at pH 6.0 and 6.5, respectively, Entrapment method endowed the lipase with thermal stability.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.57-65
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• 2006

In the Nakdong River estuary soft and thick clay, which called Pusan clay, are deposited. Despite a number of great reclaimed projects that have been performed in the area, the consolidation settlement and time have been significantly underestimated due dominantly to sample disturbance, since the last decade. In order to resolve the underestmation, it was necessary to examine the compressibility characteristics through a systematic geotechnical investigation on the clay. In this study an advanced sampling technique was adopted on two sites chosen along the coastline, and then oedometer testing and geological investigation were performed for the undisturbed and reconstituted samples. As the results, the compressibility parameters of the clay were representatively determined, as well as their correlation. Particularly the effects of depositional environment on the physical indexes, level of structure, sample disturbance and compressibility parameters were analyzed for the clay.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.33-42
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• 2023

Metal emulsions have been studied for several decades as a method of increasing the efficiency of the steelmaking process. This study was performed using a water model, observable at room temperature, to compensate for the disadvantages of the high-temperature experiment, the results of which are difficult to observe visually. As a substitute for metal-in-slag emulsions, experiments were conducted by dropping distilled water into silicone oil and comparing the results with the results of a calculation by momentum balance equations. The descending velocity of the water droplet decreased as the diameter of the droplet and viscosity of the fluid (silicon oil) increased. To simulate the descending velocity of a water droplet in silicon oil under stirring conditions, the flow rate of the fluid (silicon oil) was measured by particle image velocimetry (PIV) methods. The calculation of the descending velocity of the water droplet was in good agreement with the measured values, with and without stirring a viscous silicone oil.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.186-186
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• 2021

농업가뭄은 관측과 예측이 용이하지 않고 정량적으로 나타내기도 어려운 자연현상이며, 우리나라의 경우 농업용수 이용량이 많고, 농업용 저수지, 양수장 등 이용형태가 다양하므로 강수 부족으로 농업가뭄이 발생한다고 해도 실제로 농업현장에서 느끼는 가뭄은 시·공간적으로 다를 수 있다. 농업용수 공급은 수문관리원이 경험을 통한 수문관리를 해오고 있으며, 그 방법 또한 정확한 계측이 아닌 경험으로 이루어지고 있어 공급량 관리가 정성적이고 제한적인 한계가 발생한다. 따라서, 수원공에서 수로조직 및 포장에 이르기까지의 용수공급 모의를 통해 농업용수 공급의 합리적인 분배, 말단 수로 및 포장까지 안정적인 용수공급을 위한 물공급 및 분배 효율 분석이 필요하다. 또한, 기존 농업용 수리시설물의 물 공급 능력 평가 및 들녘단위의 평야부 물 부족지역과 과잉공급된 지역의 정확한 파악을 위한 연구가 필요하다. 따라서, 농업용 저수지 및 양수장의 주목적인 관할 수혜구역에 대한 농업용수공급 안정성 및 관개효율을 평가하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 상주지역의 덕가 저수지를 대상으로 양수장 위치에 따라 가상의 3가지 용수공급 시나리오를 구성하고 각 시나리오별 수로 네트워크 모의를 통해 평야부의 공급량 및 관개효율을 비교 분석하고자 한다. 2017년부터 2019년까지 농업기반시설관리시스템 (Rural Infrastructure Management System, RIMS) 저수율 데이터를 구축하였고, 유체의 흐름에 대한 수리적 특성을 모의할 수 있는 SWMM(Storm Water Management Model) 모형을 통해 관개기 동안의 농업용수 분배 모의와 공급효율을 분석하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.416-416
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• 2020

우리나라의 계절 특성상 여름철 집중호우가 쏟아지는 현상이 빈번하게 발생하는데 이러한 돌발홍수가 예고 없이 일어나 상습적으로 침수 피해를 입는 지역이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서 2009년 ~ 2019년 동안 서울시 침수 피해 사건 중심의 인터넷 기사를 기반으로 실제 침수 사례를 조사해본 결과, 침수가 가장 많이 발생한 순으로 반포동(26건), 대치동(25건), 잠실동(21건)으로 집계되었다. 침수피해가 가장 많은 반포동을 연구지역으로 선정하고 그 중 잠수교의 수위를 예측하는 연구를 진행하였다. 기존 연구에서는 수치모형에 비해 신속한 결과를 도출할 수 있는 자료 기반 모형 중 LSTM 기법을 많이 사용하였다. 그러나 이는 선행 시간이 길어질수록 첨두수위에서 과소추정된 것으로 분석된 취약점이 존재하였다(정성호 외, 2018). 본 연구에서는 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위해 GANs(Generative Adversarial Networks)를 이용하였다. GANs는 생성자와 감별자가 나뉘어 생성자가 실제 자료인 첨두수위에서의 잠수교의 수위를 학습하고 실제와 근접한 가상데이터를 결과로 생성하여 감별자는 그 생성된 미래의 잠수교의 수위가 실제인지 가상인지 판별하도록 학습시키는 신경망 구조이다. 사용한 수문자료는 한강홍수통제소, 기상청, 국립해양조사원에서 제공하는 최근 15년간의 (2005년~2019년) 수위, 방류량, 강수량, 조위 자료를 수집하였고 t-test와 상관성분석을 통해 사용한 인자 간의 유의미성 판단과 상관성을 분석했다. 또한, 민감도 분석 결과 시퀀스길이(5), 반복횟수(1000), 은닉층(10), 학습률(0.005)로 최적값을 선정하였다. 또한 학습구간(2005년~2014년)과 검증구간(2015~2019년)으로 나누어 상대적으로 높은 수위가 관측되는 홍수기의 3, 6, 9시간 후의 수위를 예측하고 오차 지표를 이용해 평가하였다. LSTM 기법으로 예측된 수위와 GANs로 예측된 수위를 비교한 결과 GANs으로 예측된 첨두수위에서의 정확도가 5% 정도로 향상되었다. 향후에는 다양한 영향인자와 다른 기법과의 결합을 고려한다면 보다 정확하게 수위를 예측하여 하천 주변 사회기반시설의 침수 피해를 감소시킬 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.47-66
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• 2008

This is a qualitative review of research literature on the expertise of science teachers. The study first identified a common point of view which the relevant literature shared about teacher expertise. Research methods employed in previous studies were then categorized into four groups, and the characteristics of each group of research methods were discussed. The groups of research methods included uses of questionnaires and interviews, visual representations, classroom observations and discourse analyses, and narrative inquiry. The study finally suggested what aspects of science teachers' expertise should be considered and what sorts of research methods could be employed for future research in this area.