• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2001

Objective : This experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of Persicae Semen(PS) and Caesalpiniae Lignum(CL) on the intravascular coagulation which is considered as thrombosis. Methods : Rats were pretreated orally with PS and CL extracts(PS: 8.45mg/100g, CL: 4.4mg/100g), and 1 hour later, to induce thrombosis, were given an endotoxin(0.01mg/100g) injection into the caudal vein. After 4hours we collected blood by cardiac puncture and measured the platelet count, the prothrombin time, the level of fibrinogen and the FDP(fibrinogen degradation product). Results : PS and CL supressed the decrease of the Platelet count and the prolongation of prothrombin time. In these factors, both groups showed significant effect. Both groups supressed the decrease of the fibrinogen level and the increase of the FDP level. But, only the PS group showed a significant effect on the fibrinogen level, and only the Cle CL group showed a significant effect on FDP level. Conclusions : PS had significant effects on the platelet count, the prothrombin time, and the FDP level. CL had significant effects on the platelet count, the prothrombin time, and the fibrinogen level. Therefore, PerSicae Semen and Caesalpiniae Lignum seem to be applicable to treating the diseases related to thrombosis.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.105-120
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• 2010

Paeonia Suffruticosa and Prunus Persica have been used as oriental medicine for removal of fever, alleviation of pain, an anti-phlogistic effect and removal of extravasated blood. However, it has been never shown the effects of these herbal medicines on anti-inflammatory processes. This experiment was performed to show how these herbs could act as anti-inflammatory medicines at cellular level. Anti-inflammation effects of water extracts from Paeonia Suffruticosa and Prunus Persica as well as their mixture have been investigated, and the results were follows; 1) each extract slightly suppressed the expression and production of inflammatory mediators and enzymes such as NO, iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, and TNF-$\alpha$ in lipopolysaccharid(LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and mouse primary peritoneal macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. These suppressive effects, however, were synergistically increased by their mixture. 2) Each extract of Paeonia Suffruticosa and Prunus Persica insignificantly suppressed the activation and activity of NF-${\kappa}B$ in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, which controls the expression of inflammatory mediators such as NO, iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, and TNF-$\alpha$. However, extract mixture of Paeonia Suffruticosa and Prunus Persica suppressed effectively the activation and activity of NF-${\kappa}B$. 3) Each of Paeonia Suffruticosa and Prunus Persica induced translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ to the nucleus from the cytosol and DNA-binding activity of nuclear NF-${\kappa}B$ in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. The extract mixture of Paeonia Suffruticosa and Prunus Persica showed more significant suppression of the NF-${\kappa}B$ translocation and its DNA-binding activity, as compared to those of the each extract. These results suggest that the extract mixture of Paeonia Suffruticosa and Prunus Persica may affect different control mechanisms for NF-${\kappa}B$ activation and the expression and production of NF-${\kappa}B$-dependent inflammatory mediators, indicating that this extract mixture may be useful for treatment of inflammatory diseases.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2011

We investigated the quality characteristics of cookies prepared after addition of various concentrations of used coffee grounds (0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%, all w/w) as a substitute for flour. As coffee grounds concentration rose, decrease in the pH of cookie dough was evident. In terms the water-holding capacity of dough, cookies prepared 3% (w/w) coffee grounds yielded the highest value. With an increase in coffee grounds concentration, the color a value rose, but the L and b values fell. The gelatinization temperature became higher, but both peak viscosity and 15 min-height values declined. The spread and loss ratios decreased but the leavening rate rose significantly with elevation of coffee grounds concentration. The hardness of cookies rose but slightly, as coffee grounds concentration rose. Upon sensory evaluation of all of appearance, flavor, and overall preference, cookies prepared with addition of used coffee grounds were superior to those without grounds, whereas those prepared using 1%-3%(w/w) coffee grounds showed the highest overall acceptability. Thus cookies made using coffee grounds can be economically competitive. In addition, the ingredients of coffee powder and used coffee grounds were shown to be very similar, except that coffee grounds contain 15-fold less caffeine than dose coffee powder. As health concerns are popular today, the use of coffee grounds to manufacture processed food may be acceptable.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2006

Objectives : In this paper, we tested the applicability of shell from Persicae semen in cosmetics through cosmeceutical activities including anti-oxidant, tyrosinase inhibition and anti-inflammatory effects. Methods : Persicae semen, which had been extracted, concentrated, and freeze drying with water and ethanol, have been used for the experiment. The effects on electronic donating ability, SOD-like activity, xanthine oxidase inhibition, whitening effect have been investigated in the cosmeceutical activity measurement of function experiment. Results : In the electron donating ability test, 1,000ppm of EPS (ethanol extract of shell from Persicae semen) showed an effect of 87%. SOD-like activities showed 93% at the 10,000ppm of WPS (water extract of shell from Persicae semen). In the xanthine oxidase inhibition test, 1,000ppm of BHA showed an effect of 27%, while EPS showed an effect of 62%. We were able to get an effect of 95% from EPS at 10,000 ppm in the tyrosinase inhibition test. In the anti-inflammatory test, the EPS inhibited the generation of nitric oxide. In the case of the EPS, there were no signs of cytotoxicity against raw 264.7 and anti-inflammatory effects could be identified when the manifestation of iNOS was decreased. Conclusion : Therefore, the EPS has potential as an effective raw materials for cosmetic.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.5_2
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• pp.917-927
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• 2020

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korea is developing a CAS 500-1/2 satellite capable of photographing a GSD 0.5 m level image, and is developing a technology to utilize this. Therefore, this study attempted to develop a geospatial feature extraction technique aimed at automation as a technique for utilizing CAS 500-1/2 satellite images. KOMPSAT-3A satellite images that are expected to be most similar to CAS 500-1/2 were used for research and the possibility of automation of geospatial feature extraction was analyzed through relative radiometric normalization. For this purpose, the parameters and thresholds were applied equally to the reference images and relative radiometric normalized images, and the geospatial feature were extracted. The qualitative analysis was conducted on whether the extracted geospatial feature is extracted in a similar form from the reference image and relative radiometric normalized image. It was also intended to analyze the possibility of automation of geospatial feature extraction by quantitative analysis of whether the classification accuracy satisfies the target accuracy of 90% or more set in this study. As a result, it was confirmed that shape of geospatial feature extracted from reference image and relative radiometric normalized image were similar, and the classification accuracy analysis results showed that both satisfies the target accuracy of 90% or more. Therefore, it is believed that automation will be possible when extracting spatial objects through relative radiometric normalization.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2013

This study was conducted to develop new indoor plants and to investigate the effects of light intensity on the growth of Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium Nakai and Piper kauzura. Most of T. asiaticum var. intermedium Nakai under 100 lux light intensity were blighted in two months, whereas survival rate was 83.3% after five months under 1,000 lux and 2,500 lux. Plant height, number of leaf, leaf width and leaf length increased as light intensity increased. The plants maintained under 2,500 lux showed the greatest plant height and leaf number. Piper kadzura Ohwi was defoliated and blighted in four months under 100 lux light intensity, whereas survival rate was 100% after five months under 1,000 lux and 2,500 lux. But, 1,000 lux light intensity was more favorable chlorophyll contents, leaf length and leaf width than 2,500 lux light intensity. Slight increase of chlorophyll contents and leaf growth under 1,000 lux indicates that Piper kadzura Ohwi could be utilized highly as a indoor ornamental plant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.347-352
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• 2010

There is a lack of survey standard for cross-to-nature small stream. In this research, we analyzed cross sectional survey data of Sanggachun stream, calculated variant quantity of soil, and suggested a survey interval. Descriptive analysis of cross sectional survey data shows the trend of stabilization; mean interval of survey is 14.91m(min: 7.0m, max: 39m), mean cross sectional variances are $0.82m^2$(min: $-3.80m^2$, max: $8.11m^2$) in 2004, $0.24m^2$ (min: $-5.25m^2$, max: $8.55m^2$) in 2005. Calculating results of variance quantity based on data of 65 cross sections show similar trends in 15m, 30m, 45m, 60m but different with results of 75m, 90m with Post-Hoc Test in statistical verification. We suggested standard cross sectional survey length of cross section for natural style small stream as 50m based on fitting results of standard variation of erosion and cumulation quantity by survey interval.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.392-412
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• 2018

This study was conducted from 2012, which was a year before forest road construction in Minjujisan, to 2015 to verify effects on flora and vegetation change annually before and after the construction, and to provide strategies to examine and manage flora changes. The plant communities in the investigated area around the forest road is separated by the slopes into Quercus mongolica community is on the northwestern slope and Quercus variabilis and Larix kaempferi communities is on the southwestern slope. The annual investigation of flora change before and after the construction showed that there were 209 taxa that had 71 families, 153 genera, 178 species, 27 varieties, and 4 forma in 2015 while there were 66 taxa that had 44 families, 59 genera, 51 species, 13 varieties, and 2 forma in 2012 before the construction, indicating an increase of 143 texa before and after the construction. The investigation of the slope area adjacent to the forest road constructed in 2013, in particular, showed increasing coverage and taxa each year after the construction. This was caused by significantly increased light transmittance after the construction. The investigation in 2015 showed increased coverage of herbaceous layer the year after development of the forest road and the remarkable increase of the coverage of shrub layer in 2015. Further, the coverage on the slope adjacent to the forest road increased more in 2015 than in 2013 and 2014. Therefore, we expect supplementary studies will help to generate a detail manual on flora and vegetation change before and after forest road construction.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-26
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to verify the effects of Moosim-Gi-Gong Doinbeop on low back pain targeting low back pain patients hospitalized in Korean medicine hospitals. For the study, 44 adult female and male patients hospitalized with low back pain at M Korean Medicine Hospital and H Korean Medicine Hospital located in Gimpo, Gyeonggi Province were recruited. The subjects had a temperature difference between left and right 湧泉(KI1) of over 0.5℃ through infrared thermographic imaging, and 23 of them were classified in the control group for retrospective analysis based on the test records. Infrared thermographic imaging, X-ray pelvic AP view - standing position, a sit-and-reach test and a VAS survey were employed for detection, and IBM SPSS Statistics 24 for the statistical process. The results were rounded down to three decimal places as in an average±standard deviation, and the significance level was 0.05 to be evaluated significant if p<0.05. The result of the study is as follows: 1. In the comparison between before and after conducting Moosim-Gi-Gong Doinbeop, the meaningful difference was shown in the experimental group in all indicators. But Indicators except for the temperature difference between right and left 湧泉(KI1)(difference between before and after) and In displaced pelvic correction indicators on the X-ray showed a significant difference in the control group. 2. As for the variation widths of the experimental group and the control group, the former showed significant temperature differences between 印堂(EX-HN3) and 關元(CV4) and right and left 湧泉(KI1); difference variations of anteflexion; and changes in PI and In displacement on the X-ray. 3. As for changes in the experimental group according to demographic characteristics, gender, age and degree of obesity did not show significant differences in all indicators. However, those who experienced back pain for more than six months in the experimental group showed the biggest body temperature differences between 印堂(EX-HN3) and 關元(CV4), while other indicators had no significant difference. As a result, patients who received Korean medicine treatment showed relieved back pain and improvement in pelvic correction and sports activity; however, those who got Moosim-Gi-Gong Doinbeop together showed more clearer improvement effects in pelvic correction and sports activity.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 2020

Objective : The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of Persicae Semen (PS) in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis mouse and HaCaT cell. Methods : The BALB/c mice were divided into four groups. To develop atopic dermatitis, 200 ㎕ of 1 and 0.5% DNCB solution was put on the back of mice in the Control group, the PS-Low group and the PS-High group once a day. After application of DNCB, 200 ㎕ of the PS extract was also treated. The Normal group was given PBS. The mice dorsal skin was stained with Masson's trichrome, H&E, and toluidine blue to evaluate the thickness of the epidermis and dermis, infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells respectively. ELISA was applied to measure the serum level of IgE and IL-6. Toxicity of PS was measured by MTS assay in HaCaT cell. To investigate the effects of PS on HaCaT cells, cells were pre-treated with PS for 1h, and then stimulated with TNF-α and IFN-γ. After 24 hours, the expression of TARC was analyzed using RT-PCR. Results : PS not only significantly diminished the thickness of the epidermis and dermis, but also reduced the infiltration of eosinophil and mast cell in skin lesion. PS also reduced the serum IgE and IL-6 level which plated important roles in the atopic dermatitis. The expression of TARC was decreased significantly in TNF-α/IFN-γ stimulated HaCaT cell. Conclusion : These results suggest that PS may be effective in alleviating the atopic dermatitis induced by DNCB and inflammation by TNF-α/IFN-γ.