• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2008

Purpose: This study prospectively evaluated the outcome of arthroscopic transtendinous repair as a treatment for partial articular side tears of the rotator cuff. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients with symptomatic, partial articular side tears of the rotator cuff underwent modified transtendinous repair. The patient's mean age was 52.5 years and the mean duration of symptoms was 33.7 weeks. The visual analogue scale (VAS), the ASES score, the active ROM of the shoulder and the patient's satisfaction were evaluated both preoperatively and postoperatively. The clinical results were analyzed using the Wilcoxon's signed rank test. Results: The mean VAS was $6.6\pm1.1$ before treatment and $0.4\pm0.6$ at 6 month, and the ASES scores for all the patients were significantly better over the six-month period of follow-up (p<0.05). The mean active ROM in abduction was $94.3\pm22.3$ before treatment, $108.7\pm16.3$ at 1 month (p=0.0041) and $164.3\pm5.3$ at six months (p=0.0006). In flexion, it was $105.0\pm23.8$ before treatment, $119.0\pm17.4$ at 1 month(p=0.0075) and $174.3\pm5.3$ at six months (p=0.0006). At the final follow-up, 94% of patients were satisfied or very satisfied after operation. Conclusion: We experienced satisfactory clinical results after a short-term follow-up of arthroscopic transtendinous repair, and we believed this to be an effective procedure for patients with partial articular side tears of the rotator cuff.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.45-55
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• 1990

This study describes on the erosion control effects of the several grasses and its mixtures for the man-made slopes. The grasses used for this experiment include cool-season grasses such as Festuca rubra L. (Creeping redfescue), Poa pratensis L. (Kentucky bluegrass), Lolium perenne L. (Perenial ryegrass), Lolium multiflorum LAM. (Italian ryegrass), Festuca arundinacea Schrel. (Tall fescue), and warm-season grasses such as Eragrostis curvula Schrad. (Weeping lovegrass), Zoysia japonica Steud. (Zoysiass) and native plants (Artemisia princeps var. orientalis Hara, Lespedeza cuneata G. Don, Arundinella hirta var. ciliata K.) This study was conducted at Dan-kook University from April, 1988 to Octover, 1989. The results are summurized as follows; 1.Cool-season grasses covered the ground quickly in early stage, and weekened slowly during sumer season. Warm-season grasses and native-plants covered the ground slowly in early stage, but during summer season they grew vigorously, so outweighed cool season grasses. 2. The amount of aboveground growth of weeping locearass and underground growth of Artemisia prinoepts are quite differant from others. Since Arumdinella hirta has deep root system, it is thought to very useful protection of unstable for hrdro-seeding. Because cool-season grasses are useful for quick coverage, and native plants or warm-season grow well during summer season with the better compatability to weeds. 3.Mixture III(cool-season and warm-season grasses), mixtureIV(native spp. and Italian ruegrass), and mixtureV(native spp.) resulted in better control of erosion control on man-made slopes. Native spp. has equivallent capacity of erosion control compared to several foreign grasses.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.26-35
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• 2009

This study is an analysis of the design changes of children's play facilities and the related rules and regulations which causes these changes. Accordingly, it is noticed that a site's change of design by legislation and by yearly alternation influences playground design. First, after revising the provisions for the distance from roads and parking lots, the constructing of safety fences between play facilities and the using of durable materials, alterations of the designs have been made a reality. Second, the design changes after the period of regulation transitions were caused by provisions related to the shelter of evergreens and conditions of the sun. Third, the changes of the playgrounds were related to the substitution of exercise facilities for the local residents and in carrying out a hygiene exam more than twice a year. Because a lack of regulatory standards for the design of playgrounds resulted in compliance based on individual interpretation and because a substitution of exercise facilities is part of the way to alleviate these regulations, the conditions of the site under investigation could be projeced. By such changes of regulations and analysis of alterations of playground design, programs for improvement were suggested. It turned out that the composition of the concrete standard in conformity with regulations required closer observance. Moreover, design standards for children's playgrounds are needed, such as the provision of variation in external appearance, the creation of more flexible layouts and the outlining of spaces by themes.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.441-449
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• 1996

This study was conducted to find the changes of growth, seed yield and several characteristics of sesame by leaf spray of boron as a solution which is likely to be lack in the soil. It is carried out at low land developed 5 years ago. The amount of 200l /l0a boron as boric acid is sprayed in each treatment at the 11 node stage of sesame in main stem. The spraying concentrations of boric acid are 0.0, 0.2 and 0.4% in each treatment of the level low plot and the ridge height 15cm plot. The result shows that leaf area is increased in proportion to the concentration of boric acid in each treatment of the level low and the ridge height 15cm, and the degree of increase of each node order is remarkable in lower leaves and is more remarkable in the treatment of level low plot. The effects of leaf spray of boric acid are not only the increase of leaf area but also dry weight, no. of capsule per plant, 1,000 grains weight of capsule setting under middle position. As a result, the amount of seed is increased in 53% in the treatment of level low. The change of major characteristics according to leaf spray of boric acid is generally great in the treatment of level low. Especially the increase of leaf area in the part of upper leaves and low leaves is effective to improve other characteristics.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 1996

This study was conducted to obtain fundamental information on forage sorghum breeding in forage crop field of Livestock Experiment Station at Suwon from 1986 to 1991. The charcterization of sorghum germplasm was performed through 1986 to 1987, and after parental lines were selected from diverse sorghum germplasm on the basis of flowering date, plant height and several morphological characters for forage sorghum Fl hybrids. The range of variation of 50% flowering date and plant height were greater in order of forage sorghum sudangrass and male sterile line of grain sorghum. The average flowering date was earlier in sudangrass and male sterile line of grain sorghum than forage sorghum lines from the tested sorghum germplasms. And the average plant height was tall in order of forage sorghum, sudangrass and male sterile lines of grain sorghum. There were remarkable morphological variations between sudangrass lines and male sterile lines of grain sorghum such as plant color, leaf midrib color, glume color, seed coat color, head compactness and shape, awns, grain covering and 100 seed weight.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 1981

In order to study the changes of components and enzyme activities during Chungkookjang-Koji preparation, the Kojies were prepared with Bacillus Natto, Bacillus subtilis and traditional method. The temperature of Koji materials during Koji preparation was very different according to the experimental group. The content of ethyl alcohol, reducing sugar, amino nitrogen and water soluble nitrogen were changed by the Koji preparing stage and experimental group. Amylase and protease activities showed on irregular change on standing and their activities were not remarkably different among the groups and appeared weakly.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.60-74
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• 2017

To facilitate prevention of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), a GIS is widely used for monitoring, investigating epidemics, managing HPAI-infected farms, and eradicating the disease. After the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in 2010 and 2011, the government of the Republic of Korea (ROK) established the GIS-based Korean Animal Health Integrated System (KAHIS) to avert livestock epidemics, including HPAI. However, the KAHIS is not sufficient for controlling HPAI outbreaks due to lack of responsibility in fieldwork, such as sterilization of HPAI-infected poultry farms and regions, control of infected animal movement, and implementation of an eradication strategy. An outbreak prediction model to support efficient HPAI control in the ROK is proposed here, constructed via analysis of HPAI outbreak patterns in the ROK. The results show that 82% of HPAI outbreaks occurred in Jeolla and Chungcheong Provinces. The density of poultry farms in these regions were $2.2{\pm}1.1/km^2$ and $4.2{\pm}5.6/km^2$, respectively. In addition, reared animal numbers ranged between 6,537 and 24,250 individuals in poultry farms located in HPAI outbreak regions. Following identification of poultry farms in HPAI outbreak regions, an HPAI outbreak prediction model was designed using factors such as the habitat range for migratory birds(HMB), freshwater system characteristics, and local road networks. Using these factors, poultry farms which reared 6,500-25,000 individuals were filtered and compared with number of farms actually affected by HPAI outbreaks in the ROK. The HPAI prediction model shows that 90.0% of the number of poultry farms and 54.8% of the locations of poultry farms overlapped between an actual HPAI outbreak poultry farms reported in 2014 and poultry farms estimated by HPAI outbreak prediction model in the present study. These results clearly show that the HPAI outbreak prediction model is applicable for estimating HPAI outbreak regions in ROK.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2002

This experiment was conducted to figure out the change of soil physical properties, rice growth and yield with the years of continuous cultivation in direct dry-seeding and no-tillage machine transplanting. Experiments were conducted at NHAES(National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station, RDA, Iksan, Cheon Buk Province, South Korea) with a rice variety "Dongjinbyeo" from 1995 to 2000. In no-tillage machine transplanting cultivation, organic matter in soil was higher than that on direct dry-seeding and was significantly high in topsoil. Problematic weed species were E. crus-galli B., A. keisak H., and L. japonica M. Plant height and tiller number m-2 were higher in common-tillage during the total growth duration. The highest weedy rice occurrence of 27.5% was observed in live years' continuous direct dry-seeding and followed by 6.2%, in four years', and 3.7%, in three years'. The highest yield reduction of 38% was observed in five years' continuous direct dry-seeding. The reduction may resulted from the competition between weedy rice and cultivated rice.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.405-412
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• 1993

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of water depths on seedling stand and early growth of califonia rice varieties, S201, M202, A301, Italico livorno and Korean variety, Hwaseongbyeo, and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) The coleoptile length of rice was longer with deep water depth while for the radicle length shorten. As water depth was increased, the percentage of seedling stand were decreased slightly in rice, while sharply increased in barnyardgrass. Plant height of rice with increasing water depth were longer, whereas that of barnyardgrass reduced significantly with weaker. Tiller number of rice and barnyardgrass were significantly reduced as water depth increased. Dry matter weight and healthy score of rice seedling at 35DAS were highest in 7.5cm water depth followed saturated moisture, 15, and 22.5cm water depth, while for barnyardgrass those were especially negatively affected by deep water depth. These results showed that the seedling stand and early growth of barnyardgrass was highly suppressed by deeper water levels compared with rice. Rice cultivars which are showes growth characteristics in deeper water levels at early growth stage were Italico livorno and S201 in Japonica / Indica.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.494-503
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• 1995

The selection of salt tolerant rice variety needs an effective method in its testing. Salinity of irrigated water, 0.5% at seedling stage, 0.6% at tillering stage, and 0.9% at panicle formation stage were treated to test salt tolerance of rice using 45 cultivars. At tillering stage, salty water irrigation reduced plant height to 22.6% in early maturing rices(EMR), 30.5% in medium maturing rices(MMR), and 20.9% in medium-late maturing rices(MLMR), and also reduced number of tillers to 11.2% in EMR, 36.2% in MMR, and 36.0% in MLMR compared to rices grown in non-salty water irrigation. At panicle formation stage of rice, salty water irrigation affected plant height and tiller numbers that showed varietal differences. As salt tolerant rice cultivars, Daegwangbyeo, Namweonbyeo, Sinseonchalbyeo, Gyehwabyeo, and Daeyabyeo were selected. Jinbubyeo, Donghaebyeo, and Tamjinbyeo were weak in salty water irrigation.