• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.267-277
• /
• 2017

One of fundamental problems in developing robust distributed services is how to achieve distributed consensus agreeing some data values that should be shared among participants in a distributed service. As one of algorithms for distributed consensus, Raft is known as a simple and understandable algorithm by decomposing the distributed consensus problem into three subproblems(leader election, log replication and safety). But, the algorithm dose not mention any types of dynamic configuration of participant peers such as adding new peers to a consensus group or deleting peers from the group. In this paper, we present a new consensus algorithm named Raft-D, which supports the dynamic configuration of participant peers by extending the Raft algorithm. For this, Raft-D manages the additional information maintained by participant nodes, and provides a technique to check the connection status of the nodes belonging to the consensus group. Based on the technique, Raft-D defines conditions and states to deal with adding new peers to the consensus group or deleting peers from the group. Based on those conditions and states, Raft-D performs the dynamic configuration process for a consensus group through the log update mechanism of the Raft algorithm.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.875-885
• /
• 2018

This study analyzed the major issues of the Candlelight Rally and Taegukgi Rally registered in news comments of the politics section of the portal site from October 24, 2016 to March 19, 2017. We examined the political recognition of the two rallies with the Named Entity Recognition. The main analytical items are the responsibility for impeachment, the subject and method of settlement, and other major issues. As a result of the analysis, the comments of the Candlelight Rally focused on the impeachment support and the legal penalties of the regime ministers, and insisted on resolving the political situation through the next election after impeachment. The comments of the Taegukgi Rally focused on the rejection of the impeachment to maintain the regime and insisted on rejecting the impeachment of the Constitutional Court. The conflicts between the group that supported Candlelight Rallis and the group that supported Taegukgi rallies are predicted to last at least for the time being (Park Geun-hye's trial period) after the presidential election. After the impeachment of the President and replacement of the regime this conflict will develop into the confrontation between the pursuit of liquidation and new politics and the attempt to influence the trial of Park Geun-hye. Therefore, the efforts to integrate society in the aftermath are necessary.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
• /
• v.6 no.9
• /
• pp.59-70
• /
• 2016

The rapid development of the Chinese version of Twitter, the groom Weibo has become an important communication means for Chinese SNS users to obtain and share information. As a result, in China, the phenomenon of the power shift has emerged from the traditional opinion leaders to SNS opinion leasers. The relationship analysis of demographic variables of the Chinese SNS users and their Information on the relationship between keywords was made by utilizing the centrality analysis using Social Network Program NetMiner. China's SNS opinion leaders have general interest in daily activities with their families or friends rather than in social issues. And in case of SNS opinion leaders of high betweenness centrality, it was analyzed that general users was a key mediator role that organically out lead to the adjacent information. These properties are not independent of demographic variables, such as professional, therefore, the demographic characteristics of SNS opinion leaders showed a significant effect on the parameters of betweenness centrality. This study analyzed the characteristics of SNS users, especially opinion leaders in China by looking at the aspects of Chinese social phenomenon in terms of information. Through this study, we expect to provide basic information about the social characteristics of China through collective communication.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 2009

The bioequivalence of two pioglitazone tablets, Actos$^{(R)}$ tablet (Takeda Chemical Industries, reference drug) and Pioglitazone tablet (Boryung Company, test drug) was evaluated according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration. Twenty-eight healthy male Korean volunteers received each medicine (pioglitazone dose of 30 mg) in a $2{\times}2$ crossover study with one week washout interval. After drug administration, blood samples were collected at specific time intervals from 0-36 hours. The plasma concentrations of pioglitazone were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The total chromatographic run time was 5 min and calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 5-2000 ng/mL for pioglitazone. The method was validated for selectivity, sensitivity, linearity, accuracy and precision. The pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from the plasma concentration-time profiles of both formulations. The primary calculated pharmacokinetic parameters were compared statistically to evaluate bioequivalence between the two preparations. The 90% confidence intervals of the $AUC_t$ ratio and the $C_{max}$ ratio for Pioglitazone tablet and Actos$^{(R)}$ tablet were log0.9422~log1.1040 and log0.9200~log1.1556, respectively. Based on the statistical considerations, we can conclude that the test drug, Pioglitazone tablet was bioequivalent to the reference drug, Actos$^{(R)}$ tablet.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.62-69
• /
• 2019

Supplying stable electric power is one of the important objectives of the Official Development Assistance (ODA) because it is strongly related with improving living standards and income levels in the region. However, rural areas in many developing countries are not properly connected to national power grids, and even areas connected to national power grids are frequently blacked out due to limitations in power capacity. These lack of electric power is a major obstacle to improving income levels and improving living standards in those areas. The Korea-Tanzania Innovative and Energy Center (iTEC), which was established by Seoul National University in cooperation with the Nelson-Mandela Africa Institute of Science and Technology and Technology (NM-AIST) try to build a small solar power plant using a smart-off grid in rural area of Tanzania, where there is no electricity. 10 kW and 7 kW solar power plants are built in Mkalama Village in Kilimanajaro Region and Ngurdoto Village in Arusha Region to provide power to about 50 households each. In addition, smart monitoring systems were installed to collect data about status of power system and power consumption of each house. iTEC seeks for sustainable improvement the income level and quality of life of rural residents in developing countries through the construction of small solar power plants using smart-off grid, and the implementation of various connected projects.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.176-185
• /
• 2023

Facebow transfer is essential for accurately mounting a dental cast onto a semi-adjustable articulator. The precision of traditional analog facebow transfer is influenced by both the accuracy of the equipment used and the skill level of the operator. Considering that substantial positional deviations can adversely affect the quality of a fabricated dental prosthesis; it is critical to assess the positional accuracy of casts mounted using analog facebow transfer. This case report evaluates the linear and angular deviations of the occlusal plane for maxillary casts mounted through both analog facebow transfer and cone-beam computed tomography-based methods. The findings indicate that analog facebow transfer produced a linear deviation ranging from 3 to 16 mm and an angular deviation of the occlusal plane between 5 to 7 degrees. This case report confirms that, across two patients, analog facebow transfer can result in varying degrees of positional deviation, thereby potentially leading to inaccuracies in the fabrication of dental prostheses. These results suggest that, in clinical practice, the use of analog facebow transfer may yield significant deviations during the process of mounting maxillary casts.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 2024

Marine magnetic surveys provide a rapid and cost-effective method for pioneer geophysical survey for many purposes. Sea-surface magnetometers offer high accuracy but are limited to measuring the scalar total magnetic field and require dedicated cruise missions. Shipboard three-component magnetometers, on the other hand, can collect vector three components and applicable to any cruise missions. However, correcting for the ship's magnetic field, particularly viscous magnetization, still remains a challenge. This study proposes a new additional correction method for ship's viscous magnetization effect in vector data acquired by shipboard three-component magnetometer. This method utilizes magnetic data collected simultaneously with a sea-surface magnetometer providing total magnetic field measurements. Our method significantly reduces deviations between the two datasets, resulting in corrected vector anomalies with errors as low as 7-25 nT. These tiny errors are possibly caused by the vector magnetic anomaly and its related viscous magnetization. This method is expected to significantly improve the accuracy of shipborne magnetic surveys by providing corrected vector components. This will enhance magnetic interpretations and might be useful for understanding plate tectonics, geological structures, hydrothermal deposits, and more.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.56 no.1
• /
• pp.66-72
• /
• 2024

Lipid metabolic disorders are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Dyslipidemia and its prevalence rate are strongly associated with the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease worldwide. We conducted a genetic analysis to determine the association between genetic polymorphisms of the ABO gene in adults middle-aged (40~69 years) with dyslipidemia in the Korean population. A total of 6,750 subjects from the Korea Association REsource (KARE) were selected for this study. Using the genetic and epidemiologic data of 4,403 dyslipidemia cases and 2,347 normal controls from the KARE, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ABO gene were analyzed for their genetic correlation. Eleven SNPs out of the ABO gene demonstrated a statistically significant association with dyslipidemia. Among them, rs8176707 in ABO gene statistically showed the most significant correlation with dyslipidemia (P-value=0.002, odds ratio=0.82, 95% confidence interval=0.78~0.86). The minor allele of T polymorphism within the ABO intron genetic region was associated with a decreased risk of dyslipidemia. This study uncovered a significant association between genetic polymorphism in the ABO gene and dyslipidemia. This finding suggest that ABO SNPs markers have a genetic correlation with the etiology of dyslipidemia.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.163-168
• /
• 2012

The objective of this study is to quantify the levels of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide inmechanically ventilated slurry-pit swine house according to pig's growth stage and seasonal condition. Mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the housing room of gestation/farrowing pigs were 5.60 (${\pm}2.48$) ppm and 178.4 (${\pm}204.8$) ppb in spring, 2.51 (${\pm}3.08$) ppm and 86.6 (${\pm}112.5$) ppb in summer, 4.96 (${\pm}2.84$) ppm and 182.3 (${\pm}242.6$) ppb in autumn, and 6.82 (${\pm}3.42$) ppm and 206.3 (${\pm}356.8$) ppb in winter, respectively. Mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the housing room of nursery pigs were 7.18 (${\pm}3.26$) ppm and 486.0 (${\pm}190.2$) ppb in spring, 4.23 (${\pm}2.95$) ppm and 206.4 (${\pm}186.9$) ppb in summer, 7.02 (${\pm}2.65$) ppm and 465.4 (${\pm}156.8$) ppb in autumn, and 9.25 (${\pm}3.68$) ppm and 618.4 (${\pm}298.3$) ppb in winter, respectively. Mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the housing room of growing/fattening pigs were 9.26 (${\pm}3.02$) ppm and 604.4 (${\pm}186.8$) ppb in spring, 6.78 (${\pm}3.88$) ppm and 312.5 (${\pm}215.4$) ppb in summer, 9.34 (${\pm}2.14$) ppm and 578.2 (${\pm}248.1$) ppb in autumn, and 14.65 (${\pm}3.15$) ppm and 825.3 (${\pm}316.9$) ppb in winter, respectively. As a result, mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in terms of pig's growth stage were highest in growing/fattening housing room followed by nursery housing room and gestation/farrowing housing room (p<0.05). The swine house showed the highest levels of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in winter followed by spring, autumn and summer. However, there was no significant difference of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide among seasons (p>0.05).

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.239-247
• /
• 2017

Among the commonly known tools to diagnose diabetes are fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c., and OGTT known as gold standard. However, there can be many disagreements on the ways to diagnose diabetes. In this study, we examined the differences of the types of diabetes according to the applicability of FPG and HbA1c. Moreover, we evaluated the concordance of diagnosis. We excluded subjects with missing glucose and HbA1c data, as well as those previously diagnosed with diabetes, and those who fasted less than 8 hours. The data of 4,502 subjects (1,956 men and 2,546 women) from the 2015 KNHNES were analyzed. We divided these patients into three categories which are normal, prediabetes, and diabetes, based on the FPG and HbA1c. In men, the number of subjects with FPG ranging from 100 to 125 mg/dL and HbA1c ${\geq}6.5%$ was 23 out of 664, and the number of subjects with FPG < 126 mg/dL and HbA1c ${\geq}6.5%$ was 39 out of 86 newly diagnosed diabetes patients. The concordance rate was as follows: Normal 80.3%, prediabetes 44.9%, and diabetes 54.7%. The coefficient of Cohen's Kappa was 0.322 in men and 0.362 in women; this suggests that both gender showed a low concordance rate. However, when we divided them into two categories (nondiabetes and diabetes), Kappa was 0.582 in men and 0.637 in women, showing a relatively high concordance rate. While all subjects with FPG ${\geq}126mg/dL$ showed a significantly high HOMA IR, all subjects with FPG < 126 mg/dL showed a significantly high QUICKI. Considering the low concordance rate for the diagnosis of diabetes and characteristic of diagnostic tests, it is necessary to combine the related tests for diagnosing diabetes.