• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.327-328
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• 2023

본 논문은 테러 위협 증가에 따른 국내 테러대응체계 개선방안에 대해 국내·외 사례분석을 통하여 국내 상황에 맞는 국내 테러대응체계의 실질적인 개선방안을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 국내·외 논문, 간행물 및 서적 등을 바탕으로 문헌 분석 연구를 진행하였으며, 연구와 관련한 자료와 사례 등은 대테러센터, 국가정보원, 대통령경호처, 외교부, 행정안전부, 여성가족부 등 각 부처의 자료와 인터넷 그리고 신문자료 등을 활용하여 분석하였다. 이를 통해 도출한 국내 테러대응체계의 문제점은 총 다섯 가지이다. 첫 째, 최신 글로벌 테러정세와 동떨어진 국내 테러방지법과 관련 법제도의 미비 둘 째, 복잡하고 산개된 대테러조직 개편의 필요, 셋 째, 비전통적 위협에 대한 대책 마련 시급, 넷 째, 다문화 사회 속 폭력적 극단주의 대응(CVE) 개발 및 시행 필요, 다섯 째, 대테러분야 전문성 미흡이 있으며, 이와 같은 문제점을 토대로 총 다섯 가지 개선방안을 제시하였다.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.195-214
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to suggest a construction device that can transform a public safety, security service, security system on counter-terrorism device system, from government leading type to private management type. There are purpose on this thesis to research for the bringing up counter-terrorism experts certification system and about all sorts of developed device among our country's counter-terrorism situation and through comparing developed country's private security's developing device. This summary of thesis is like below. First we need to establish total counter-terrorism center, like developed country on national corresponding strategy. Second, we need to make an organization as a country security department unified as an America's President directly belonging organization. Third, it is to legislate about an counter-terrorism. Fourth, we need to make a coorperate system according to counter-terrorism duty come under private management, so that can recover a trust among people. Fifth, a terror warning system is necessary. Private security's mutual relationship and developing devices is First, it is necessary to bring up counter-terrorism expert. Second, it is necessary to bring in counter-terrorism experts certification system. Third, counter-terrorism research center that come under private management is necessary. The university, private security related academy, should establish research center for the private security industry's specialization, subdivision. It is considered that various research need to be continued after by bringing up counter-terrorism experts, transforming a consciousness, counter-terrorism education, building an equipment and education center, not for a special group, that can minimize human infringement.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.65-74
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• 2020

Recently, with the rapid development of eXtended Reality(XR) technology, the development and use of education and training systems using XR technology is increasing significantly. In particular, in areas that involve great risks and high costs such as military training and counter-terrorism training, the use of XR based simulators is preferred because they can improve training performance, reduce training costs, and minimize the risk of safety issues that may occur in actual training, by creating a training environment similar to actual training. In this paper, we propose a plan to build and evaluate an XR based hyper-realistic counter-terrorism education, training, and evaluation system to improve the ROK police's ability to respond to terrorist situations using the 5G and AR based Integrated Command and Control Platform previously developed by the Korea Military Academy. The proposed system is designed to improve counter-terrorism capabilities with virtual training for individual and team units based on hyper-realistic content and training scenarios. Futhermore, it can also be used as a on-site command and control post in connection with a simulation training site and an actual operation site.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.59
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• pp.217-242
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• 2019

Nowadays, Terrorism has become bloodier. Unlike the past, the recent terrorism has been indiscriminate in the purpose of mass- killing. Given this aspect, the threat of a CBRN attack is the biggest one to modern society. Notably, the possibility of terrorist attacks in Korea by international terrorist groups such as ISIL is higher than ever in consideration of its allusion; crusades and the devil's allied forces. To overcome these circumstances, various measures have been taken for counter terrorism at the state level including anti-terrorist legislation. Under the anti-terrorist act, police have to lead relevant inter agencies when it comes to the CBRN terror. At first glance, current countermeasures would work well. However, in order to respond quickly, the standing cooperations system of related departments need to be set up. In this sense, this article proposed a coagulatory body that could not only consider institutional-oriented organizational restructuring and response but also integrate and operate functions of various specialized institutions. It also stressed that the council should move toward a consultative body of information gathering, distribution and working- level consultation. With this cooperation system, counter-terrorism agencies can respond rapidly, stop wasting their effort and assets by about 30%. Also, they could design the atypical aspect of terrorism into standardized.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.293-294
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• 2023

2023년 8월 3일 다중이용시설과 운송시설이 맞닿아 있는 서현역 부근의 다중이 밀집한 장소에서 차량돌진 및 흉기난동의 묻지마 범죄가 발생하였다. 차량을 인도로 몰아 보행자를 들이받은 뒤 백화점 내부로 들어가 흉기를 휘둘러 차량돌진으로 5명, 흉기난동으로 9명의 피해자가 발생하였다(리차드김, 2023). 서현역의 묻지마 범죄 이후, '살인예고 지도' 서비스의 등장하면서 많은 이용객이 상시 붐비는 번화가 및 백화점 등의 다중이용시설을 이용하는 시민들의 불안감이 전국적으로 크게 확산하고 있다(김잔디 & 최윤선, 2023). 급격히 늘어나는 국민의 불안감으로 정부에서는 '묻지마 범죄'를 '이상동기범죄'로 명명하고 근절을 위해, 사실상 테러와 비슷한 수준의 강력한 대책을 추진하고 있다(강은민, 2023). 이상동기범죄에 따른 강력한 대책으로 국무조정실(대테러센터), 경찰청 등 관계부처의 다중이용시설 대한 안전대책들이 강구되어지고 실정에서 「경비업법」에 따라 시설의 위험발생을 방지하는 업무를 담당하고 있는 민간 경비원에게 이용객의 안전을 보호하고 피해를 최소화하기 위한 일선 역할이 중요해졌다. 하지만, 이상동기범죄에 대한 일선의 초동대응이 인력과 장비, 정당방위에 대한 법제도의 뒷받침 미흡 등으로 인해 민간 경비원의 실질적인 대응이 어려운 실정이다. 많은 사람의 왕래가 있는 다중이용시설에서의 민간 경비원 최소 경력배치 기준, 현행범 제압을 위한 무기사용 기준, 이용객 보호를 위한 경비원 위력 사용 기준 등의 제도적으로 마련되어 있지 않아 민간 경비원이 범죄로부터 시설 이용객을 보호하는 것은 쉽지 않은 것이 현실이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다중이용시설 묻지마 범죄 등의 위험성과 민간 경비원의 무기사용과 관련한 법제도적 한계점을 고찰하여, 이에 대한 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.274-283
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• 2009

To effectively and quickly respond to new forms of terrorism, a more organically integrated and coordinated system will be needed. As establishing the grounds of such a system based on laws would be most in congruence with legalism, it would be desirable to fundamentally establish an antiterrorism act. However, enactment of such counter-terrorism laws must be accomplished by means with which human rights violations against citizens may be minimized, contrary to what has been the case with third world nations. The act will need to include clauses that may relieve organizations, such as national human rights committees or citizen groups, of concerns over potential human rights violations. To address vulnerabilities of investigative rights issues which relate to cases relevant to acts of terrorism being delegated to the National Intelligence Service, the investigative jurisdiction shall be assigned to the public prosecutors and law enforcement officials as with other criminal proceedings. As for public concern that establishing the Anti-Terrorism Center under the National Intelligence Service, a secret service agency, may infringe upon human rights, functional and organizational dualism of the Anti -terrorism Center would be worth taking into account.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.20
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• pp.95-117
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• 2009

Ever since the 9/11 terror attack, all the world has perceived the need and taken actions to make an anti-terror law, however The Republic of Korea has not yet come up with any relevant output. Currently, the Korean government apportions duties to each related government agency and sets up systems for cooperation among them to make preparations against and cope with terror threats, according to The National Guidelines on Anti-Terror Activities (the presidential directive number 47 given on January 21, 1982). However, the directive has many limits and shortcomings in coping with national emergencies. In this situation, this research aims to compare the national anti-terror laws of others countries with Korea's, in order to understand the problems in Korea, i.e., that The National Guidelines on Anti-Terror Activities, which are the only anti-terror regulations in Korea do not clearly describe the concept and range of a terror, that national anti-terror meetings and the anti-terror standing committee have problems with their operation, that the Terrorism Information Integration Center has also its own problems, and that Korea lacks in preparatory actions against terror crimes and there are still problems about investigations into terror incidents. In order to solve these problems for the future, the present author suggests that the purpose of the law on The National Guidelines on Anti-Terror Activities shall be re-established so as to meet the current anti-terror conditions of Korea, the concept of a terror and anti-terror activities shall be clarified, anti-terror organizations shall be unified, the chair of the anti-terror standing committee shall be appointed legally and automatically according to the relevant rule and be given more rights so as to have free access to private information for anti-terror activities and terror-related information, and systems shall be supplemented for reporting terror-involved persons and funds.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.155-188
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• 2017

On the one hand, the 4th Industrial Revolution provides a positive opportunity to build a new civilization paradigm for mankind. However, on the other hand, due to the 4th Industrial Revolution, artificial intelligence such as 'Goggle Alpha Go' revolutionized and even the human ability was replaced with a 'Silicon Chip' as the opportunity to communicate decreases, the existence of human beings is weakened. And there is a growing concern that the number of violent crimes, such as psychopath, which hunts humans as games, will increase. Moreover, recent international terrorism is being developed in a form similar to 'Psychopathic Violent-Crime' that indiscriminately attacks innocent people. So, the probability that terrorist organizations abuse the positive effects provided by the Fourth Industrial Revolution as means of terrorism is increasing. Therefore, the paradigm of aviation terrorism is expected to change in a way that attacks airport facilities and users rather than aircraft. Because airport facilities are crowded, and psychopathic terrorists are easily accessible. From this point of view, our counter terrorism system of aviation has many weak points in various aspects such as: (1) limitations of counter-terrorism center (2) inefficient on-site command and control system (3) separated organization for aviation security consultation (4) dispersed information collection function in government (5) vulnerable to cyber attack (6) lack of international cooperation network for aviation terrorism. Consequently, it is necessary to improve the domestic counter terrorism system of aviation so as to preemptively respond to the international terrorism. This study propose the following measures to improve the aviation security system by (1) create 'Aviation Special Judicial Police' (2) revise the anti-terrorism law and aviation security law (3) Strengthening the ability respond to terrorism in cyberspace (4) building an international cooperation network for aviation terrorism.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.22
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• pp.37-64
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• 2010

Since the September 11, 2001, the motives and objectives of terrorism that have been targeted at hard targets such as key national facilities have now shifted towards soft targets such as subways, department stores, and tourist hotels; the attacks on these soft targets are steadily increasing. Simultaneous, unconventional, and indiscriminate terrorist attacks on civilians has also increased. In November, 2010, nearly forty states of the G20 and B20 (Business 20) will join in international summits to be hosted in Seoul. This coming July, an additional 350 troops will be deployed to Afghanistan for the sustainment of public security. Such events are sensitive topics, and there is the possibility of terrorist movement. Korea has successfully hosted various international events such as the APEC and ASEM Summits, and the 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup. The experiences from these events must be applied to ensure the safety of public facilities against the dangers of terrorism. First, counter-terrorism center must be established for the long-term, above the General Officer level to ensure the safety and efficiency of multilateral, international summits, as well as promoting policies and legislation aimed at preventing terrorism. Second, a terrorist threat management system must be secured and safety measures must be emphasized. Third, a fundamental structure must be established for the prevention of terrorism on public facilities, as well as legal and government action against the new threat of IED. Fourth, the police and fire fighting networks' must have a firm rapid response posture on the scene of an attack. Fifth, the state of mentality on the recognition of terrorist threats must be changed and restructured by promoting to and educating the population. Sixth, prevention measures must be established via research and academia. Seventh, for the guarantee of security in public facilities, safety management should employ cutting edge technology such as the 3D SICS and further develop and apply such technology. All methods and resources must be fully utilized for the establishment and strengthening terrorism prevention measures.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.41
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• pp.153-183
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• 2014

Nowadays, proactive intelligence activities are required because of enhanced nation wide threats of terrorism and complexity of multidimensional factors of national security. South Korea not only need to draw up plans of information sharing among agencies for more effective national intelligence activities, but also have to evaluate the structure of Domestic Intelligence Agency and its right direction of activities. In this vein, this paper conducts comparative studies of structures and range of activities of intelligence Agencies by reviewing U.K, U.S.A, and France cases and suggests a potential model of 'domestic information specified agency' that we can adopt and methods to share information among agencies. The focus of this paper is on the reviewing of necessity of establishing new 'domestic information specified agency' which will mainly conduct anti-terrorism and counterintelligence activities, and its appropriate form. After reviewing the cases of U.K, U.S.A. and France, we conclude that overcoming the people's distrust about an invasion of freedom and rights caused by centralized and integrated independent intelligence agency is a prerequisite. Disputable issues of FBI, DHS, and South Korea's intelligence agency cases suggest that plans for restoring trust have to be considered if a new 'domestic information specified agency' is established in NIS. If it is established under government ministries such as MSPA focusing on implementing anti-terrorism and counterintelligence activities, organizations such as NCTC, NIC, that can carry out information sharing and cooperating with agencies concerned have to be established. Additionally, measures to solve structural problems caused by carrying out law enforcement functions by domestic information specified agency should be considered.