• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.225-231
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• 2010

Transaction value of business-to-business(B2B) is composed of various factors for groups and time series. In this paper, we use the panel data for finding various variables and using this we analyse the factors that is major influence to transaction value of business-to-business. For analysis we looked at transaction value of business-to-business of 7 groups such as manufacturing industry, electric, gas and piped water industry, construction industry, retail & wholesale trade, traffic industry, publish, image; broad-casting & telecommunication and information service industry, etc. In our analysis we looked at the transaction value of business-to-business during the period from 2005.01 to 2009.12. We examined the data in relation to the transaction value of cyber shopping mall, company bond, composite stock price index, transaction value of credit card, loaned rate of interest in deposit bank, rate of exchange looking at the factors which determine the transaction value of business-to-business, evidence was produced supporting the hypothesis that there is a significant positive relationship between the transaction value of cyber shopping mall, composite stock price index and loaned rate of interest in deposit bank, rate of exchange. The company bond is negative relationship, transaction value of credit card is positive relationship and they are not significant variables in terms of the transaction value of business-to-business.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.147-159
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• 2014

After 2008 global financial crisis, Korean housing market has experienced stagnation. So it caused housing market problems like housing price reduction, rising rent cost and so on. For housing market normalization government announced policies but Korean housing market didn't recover from stagnation. So, to understand why Korean housing market couldn't overcome the recession and why the policies didn't be effective, this research analyzed housing market participants (home owner, housing demand) based on the law of supply and demand and the psychological effect on their transaction intention based on behavioral economics(behavioral finance). Based on the analysis this research tested the effectiveness of announced policies using System Dynamics. The result showed that the amount of transaction and mortgage loan was influenced by the length of time to draft policies.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.171-205
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• 2014

This paper investigates the manner in which house prices affect macroeconomic variables through a house price channel by applying the method of Iacoviello (2005) to Korean data, and establishing a DSGE model with complementarity. This paper found that higher LTV ratio coupled with stronger complementarity results in the co-movement in both consumption and housing. For instance, the results show that when the LTV ratio and complementarity stands respectively at 50% and 0.42, an 1% rise in house prices increases consumption by 0.057%, and when the complementarity parameter increases to 0.52 with LTV remains unchanged at 50%, consumption rises by 0.047% per 1% increase in house prices. An increase in house prices leads credit constraints for borrowers to become more loose as value of a house rises as a collateral. The increase in household credit enables more consumer spending, eventually leading to increased consumption. A key link in which house prices are connected to macroeconomic variables is change in consumption. To put it simply, a rise in house prices leads to an increase in consumption, which consequently impacts the overall macro-economy. At this point, complementarity is found, in that the elasticity of intra-temporal substitution between housing and consumption is estimated at 0.42, which plays an important role in the house price channel by amplifying the effects of house prices on consumption.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.69-88
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• 2012

This research is to find a direction of development through operating status survey of public library in Busan metropolitan city. First, Normally library users visit the library to check out books or to have a private study session. Also users normally obtained information about upcoming events done in the library through using offline search methods. Second, although the usage of the website was low, however the users demanded the increase in computer numbers in the library and online database for home access. Third, the users acknowledged the importance of the public library to their local community. Library policy indicator rated high in importance to the local community(m=3.86). However the reference desk(m=2.87), checkout desk(m=2.41), computer availability(m=2.47), as well as up-to-date artifact availability(m=2.64) did not reach the average point of 3.0. Thus, revealing that the public library's management policies were not sufficient enough to satisfy the needs of the library users.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.325-340
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• 2012

The present study, the technology commercialization through support of government enterprise incubator, incubator companies examined, and the support of the government in accordance with the technical competence necessary steps management performance steps, support conditions required were investigated. Government support of technology commercialization support business performance necessary steps to support the needs of the incubator companies and step conditions. Therefore, need funding and funding support, and the time and duration of the condition of the steps in the support business performance, the conduct of the government's support is the most needed step, showed a new growth engine projects of the application and selection screening, sector was.

• 해운
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• s.103
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• pp.8-21
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• 2013

발주잔량의 감소와 세계경기 회복기조 등을 감안할 때, 수급여건은 저점에 근접해 있다. 그러나, 해상물동량 증가율의 둔화, 대형선박 위주로 되살아난 발주 등을 감안할 때, 운임지수 등 시황회복은 상대적으로 느리게 진행될 전망이다. 2012년부터 상위선사의 뚜렷한 실적차별화가 나타나고 있으며, 국내선사는 상대적으로 취약한 선종다각화와 자본력, 계열 및 정부의 저조한 지원 등으로 금융위기 이후 재무구조가 가장 큰 폭으로 악화되었다. 상위선사의 실적우위는 일시적 차이가 아닌 선박의 대형화와 높은 연료효율성, 우수한 글로벌 네트워크 등 구조적 원가경쟁력의 차이에 기인하고 있다. 상위 3개 선사는 초대형선박의 추가인수와 P3 Network 구축으로 원가경쟁력이 더욱 향상될 전망이며, 재무여력을 갖춘 경쟁선사들도 선박가격이 낮은 상황에서 고효율의 대형선박을 발주, 원가경쟁력을 제고하고 있다. 반면에 호황기 고가에 선박을 확보한 국내선사는 과중한 재무부담으로 인해 선박대형화와 글로벌 네트워크 구축에 동침하지 못하고 있어 원가경쟁력의 차이는 더욱 심화될 전망이다. 더딘 시황회복과 상위선사의 단위당 운송비(Unit Cost) 하락 등을 감안할 때, 빠른 시일 내에 운임상승을 통한 큰 폭의 성과개선을 기대하기 어렵고, 과중한 재무부담은 투자여력의 위축으로 이어지고 있다. 여기에 중국 유럽선사가 정부로부터 대규모의 직접적 지원(대출, 지급보증)을 제공받고 있는데 반하여, 우리 정부는 장기적 관점의 지원이나 대책을 유보한 채, 제한된 유동성 지원만을 하고 있다. 재무부담에 따른 악순환을 깨고 원가경쟁력을 확보하기 위해선, 비핵심자산 매각, 자본유치 등 구조조정을 통한 재무구조 개선, 투자여력 확보를 통한 글로벌 경쟁력 회복, 정부차원의 지원과 조정 등 가능한 모든 방안을 총 동원하여 재무구조를 개선하고 투지에 나서는 것이 시급하다. 하지만, 불황으로 체력이 소진된 해운사의 자체적인 노력만으로는 한계가 있다. 기간산업의 국가경쟁력 차원에서 국내 선사의 자체노력은 물론, 정부 또는 금융기관 등 유관기관들의 확실한 지원이나 의사결정이 필요한 시점이다. 그렇지 않을 경우 국내 해운산업은 어두운 터널의 끝을 벗어나지 못하고 글로벌 경쟁사와의 격차는 더욱 벌어지게 될 것이다. 다음은 한국신용평가에서 발표한 "풍전등화 국내 해운업계, 본원적 대책 마련 시급"의 주요 내용을 요약 정리한 것이다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3D
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• pp.313-321
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• 2010

This study analysed the characteristics of residential mobility according to the household's life-cycle to observe the housing filtering process in Busan. The questionary subjects were adult 40 and over who inhabited in Busan and surveyed residential career about residential mobility. The analysis result of statistical data and result of questionary reveals similar result every articles, the summaries are as follows : Examining housing where the respondent live presently, apartment dominate absolutely high ratio as housing type and owner-occupation as housing tenure type, and housing size is about 30 pyeong, dwelling period is 6 years to 10 years. Saving and loan hold a large majority to make housing capital, that means, they apply housing finance to getting own housing despite it is impossible with present household's income to have owner-occupation of desired housing. This is different custom ours from foreign's that rent a house. However, as aspect of residential satisfaction, most household recognised that quality is improved, because residential mobility expanded housing size and changed tenure type and showed fairly high satisfaction with their present resident.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.121-148
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• 2018

This paper examines the role of accounting conservatism on investment expenditure for non-financial Korean listed firms around the 2007-2008 global financial crisis using a differences-in-differences design. Specifically, this paper examines the association between an ex ante classification of firms by their level of accounting conservatism prior to the credit crisis and the ex post magnitude of the decline in investment. Consistent with prior literature, this study found that firms experienced a decline in their investment when hit by the financial crisis (Campello et al. 2010). And also this study found that firms with more conservative financial reporting experienced a smaller decline in investment activity following the financial crisis than did firms with less conservative financial reporting. Together, the results suggest that negative shocks to the supply of external finance hampers firm-level investment and that conservative financial reporting can lessen the sensitivity of firms' investment to such negative shocks. Next, this study shows that the magnitude of our findings is greater for firms more likely to suffer from underinvestment (as opposed to overinvestment). Firms that are financially constrained or have greater demand for external finance are more likely to experience underinvestment. Consistent with the predictions, this study finds stronger benefits of conservatism for firms that face relatively greater costs in raising external capital (i.e., financially constrained firms) or that have a relatively greater need to do so (i.e., firms that lack internal financial resources). This study also finds that the role for conservatism is greater in firms with a higher level of information asymmetry, consistent with the notion that conservatism mitigates financing frictions arising from information problems.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.71-80
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• 2022

The real estate market is an important part of a country's economy and plays a major role in economic growth through the growth of many related industries. Changes in interest rates affect asset prices and have a significant impact on housing prices. This study analyzed housing prices by dividing them into nationwide, local, and Seoul housing prices in order to analyze whether the effect of changes in interest rates on housing prices shows regional differences. The analysis was conducted from the first quarter of 2011 to the fourth quarter of 2021, and was analyzed using the DOLS model. The main analysis results are as follows. First, interest rates were found to have a significant negative effect on national housing prices, and a drop in interest rates significantly increased national housing prices and an increase in interest rates significantly lowered national housing prices. The consumer price index and loan growth rate also had a positive effect on housing prices nationwide, but statistical significance was not high. Second, interest rates had a negative effect on local housing prices, unlike national housing prices, but were not statistically significant. On the other hand, it was found that the consumer price index and loan growth rate had a larger and significant positive effect on local housing prices compared to national housing prices. Finally, it was found that the interest rate had the only significant negative effect on housing prices in Seoul. And this effect was greater and more significant than the effect on national and local housing prices. In the end, it was found that the effect of interest rates on Korean housing prices differs locally. Interest rates have a significant negative effect on national housing prices, and local housing prices, but they are not statistically significant. In addition, the interest rate was found to have the largest and most significant negative effect on housing prices in Seoul. In addition, it was found that there was a difference in the effect of macroeconomic variables on housing prices. This means that there are differences between regions with different factors influencing local and Seoul housing prices, and this point should be considered when drafting and implementing real estate policies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.235-247
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• 2020

The Mutual Financial Cooperatives(MFCs) in Korea need to make efforts to increase efficiency and productivity in order to secure stable and sustainable growth and competitiveness. Therefore, this study analyzes the efficiency and productivity of MFCs from 2012 to 2018 and suggests some implications. The methodology employed is a Dynamic-Network Slacks-Based Measure(DNSBM) Model. The findings from an empirical study include that first, on average efficiency scores of the institutions, NH(0.225) showed the highest overall efficiency, and followed by SH(0.128) and MG(0.126). After 2015, most of the MFCs' efficiency scores had risen until to 2018. Second, in divisional analysis, the inefficiency in creating the high profitability-stage had been greater than establishing-funds-stage. Third, in projection analysis of Division 2, the inefficiency of the output factors such as interest income and operating income was severe. Fourth, the results from the Malmquist Productivity Index analysis of Division 1 of the fist-stage illustrate that all three MFCs showed minus catch-up effects. Also, a soundness from reducing bad loans and expansion of loans in combination with generating various ways of creating profits besides the interest income is urgently needed for Korean MFCs.