• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.57-66
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• 2023

In this paper, we present a study on an AI-based system utilizing the CCTV system within city buses to predict the intentions of boarding and alighting passengers, with the aim of preventing accidents. The proposed system employs the YOLOv7 Pose model to detect passengers, while utilizing an LSTM model to predict intentions of tracked passengers. The system can be installed on the bus's CCTV terminals, allowing for real-time visual confirmation of passengers' intentions throughout driving. It also provides alerts to the driver, mitigating potential accidents during passenger transitions. Test results show accuracy rates of 0.81 for analyzing boarding intentions and 0.79 for predicting alighting intentions onboard. To ensure real-time performance, we verified that a minimum of 5 frames per second analysis is achievable in a GPU environment. his algorithm enhance the safety of passenger transitions during bus operations. In the future, with improved hardware specifications and abundant data collection, the system's expansion into various safety-related metrics is promising. This algorithm is anticipated to play a pivotal role in ensuring safety when autonomous driving becomes commercialized. Additionally, its applicability could extend to other modes of public transportation, such as subways and all forms of mass transit, contributing to the overall safety of public transportation systems.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.335-349
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• 2018

This study analyzes the effect of the changes in traffic environments such as transportation speeds on the time-distance accessibility for the public transportation passengers. To do this, we use passenger transaction databases of the Seoul metropolitan public transportation system: one week for each of the three years (2011, 2013, and 2015). These big data contain the information about time and space on the traffic trajectories of every passenger. In this study, the time-distances of links between subway stations and bus stops of the public transportation system at each time are calculated based on the actual travel time extracted from the traffic-card transaction database. The changes in the time-distance accessibility of the integrated transportation network from the experimental results can be summarized in two aspects. First, the accessibility tends to decline as the year goes by. This is because the transportation network becomes more complicated and then the average moving speed of the vehicles is lowered. Second, the accessibility tends to increase on the weekend in the analysis of accessibility changes by day. This tendency is because the bus speeds on bus routes on the weekend are faster than other days. In order to analyze the accessibility changes, we illustrate graphs of the vehicle speeds and the numbers of passengers by year and day.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.1 s.94
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• pp.37-47
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• 2007

The Integrated Public Transport Reforms of the Seoul Metropolitan Government, which were implemented on the $1^{st}$ of July. 2004, launched a new fare allocation method. However, when a Private transit operator or a new transport system is introduced into the existing system, it will cause an allocation problem. Therefore, this study aims to Propose a rational fare allocation method which can be applicable regardless of the number of Public transportation modes or operators. To create alternatives, this study has adopted a fundamental principle of revenue allocation methods for the transit or communications sectors, and has applied it to the current transit system of Seoul. This study kas analyzed results of the cost recovery ratios and characteristics of each alternative through case studies. This study kas Presented an assessment criterion Z in order to select an optimal alternative. The criterion consists of the sum of the cost recovery ratio of each operator and the difference of the cost recovery ratio for each agency in inter-agency transit. Using the assessment criterion. the results showed that Alternative 1 is superior to the others : Alternative 1 is considering passenger-km of each operator and unit cost of passenger-km for each operator.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.211-215
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• 2016

In this paper, we utilize a service provided by the existing bus information system. To improve the limitations of the bus information system the information provided to the passenger using the bus. By applying the IoT sensor network system. congestion information of the bus provided to customer. Provides information in addition to the existing bus congestion information to passengers wishing to use public transport from the smartphone app with an existing information system. The bus congestion information in addition to the existing information to passengers who want to use public transport provided in the existing information system and smartphone apps. Prevent accidents that might occur due to congestion in the bus, efficient and convenient way to propose an improved bus information system for public transport. Developed a prototype system using the IOT sensor network verified the proposed method.

• Vending industry
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• v.10 no.2 s.31
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• pp.48-49
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• 2011

회식의 즐거운 분위기는 가져가고 싶지만 냄새까지 가져가긴 싫어! 직장 생활 5년차 이대리(30.여)는 모처럼 고기로 포식한 회식자리를 가졌다. 분위기도 좋아 직장생활의 스트레스를 잠시나마 풀 수 있어 좋았지만 귀가길이 고민이다. 몸에 밴 고기 냄새 때문에 대중교통을 이용하기 꺼려지는 것. 지난번처럼 냄새 때문에 지하철 승객들이 힐끔 힐끔 쳐다보는 것을느끼면 다시는 고기집에서 회식을 안했으면 하는 생각이 절로 든다. 탈취용자판기는 냄새제거라는 틈새시장을 공략할 아이템이다. 이 제품에 대한 소비자들의 인식이 확대가 된다면 업소용 자판기로서 시장에 자리매김을 할 수 있을 것이다. '구슬이 서말여도 꾀어야 보배'란 말처럼 어떻게든 설치 로케이션을 늘려가며 이 제품의 호용가치를 인식시켜 가는 게 과제이다.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.82-96
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• 2020

The Demand Responsive Transit (DRT) system is the flexible public transport service that determines the route and schedule of the service vehicles according to users' requests. With increasing importance of public transport systems in urban areas, the development of stable and fast routing algorithms for DRT has become the goal of many researches over the past decades. In this study, a new heuristic method is proposed to generate fast and efficient routes for multiple vehicles using demand clustering and destination demand priority searching method considering the imbalance of users' origin and destination demands. The proposed algorithm is tested in various demand distribution scenarios including random, concentration and directed cases. The result shows that the proposed method reduce the drop of service ratio due to an increase in demand density and save computation time compared to other algorithms. In addition, compared to other clustering-based algorithms, the walking cost of the passengers is significantly reduced, but the detour time and in-vehicle travel time of the passenger is increased due to the detour burden.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.1040-1041
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• 2015

전용의 궤도에서 무인자동으로 승객의 요구에 따라 출발지에서 목적지까지 최적의 경로로 논스톱으로 운행하며, 높은 시스템 접근성과 프라이버시 보장 등 승용차 수준의 서비스 제공이 가능한 대중교통수단인 PRT의 운행관리를 위해 3D 그래픽 기반의 중앙제어 시스템을 개발하였다. PRT는 정거장을 필요에 따라 본선 또는 측선으로 설치가 가능하며, 승객의 요청에 따라 배차서비스를 수요에 탄력적으로 대응할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 PRT 차량의 운행상황을 직관적으로 모니터링하기 위해 3D 그래픽 기반 운영제어 시스템을 개발하였으며, 승객이 요청한 차량이 정확하게 배차되어 탑승하였는지 확인하기 위한 운행 보조 시스템을 설계하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.581-587
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• 2008

This paper presents a railway network design problem (RNDP), which can be formulated as a bi-level program. In bi-level program upper level program is to minimize total travel cost including the construction cost of the railway facilities, whilst lower one describes the railway route choice behavior of passengers. We also propose a heuristic method for solving the program because it is a kind of NP-hard problem. From two numerical railway examples, we confirm that the RNDP and its algorithm produce a reasonable solution and that it is applicable to real world.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.509-512
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• 2019

최근 유용한 버스 어플리케이션이 많이 등장하였지만 사용자의 시각으로 보았을 때 버스를 이용하는 탑승객들은 아직까지도 많은 불편을 겪고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 버스기사가 승객을 보지 못하고 지나쳐 버리거나 승객들이 불필요한 대기시간을 낭비하지 않고, 탑승 후에도 번거롭게 하차 벨을 누르지 않게 되어 탑승객들로 하여금 보다 편리한 대중교통 이용을 할 수 있기를 기대한다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.1D
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• pp.23-31
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• 2012

Busan Metropolitan City government has been implementing the local Bus Quasi-Public Operating policy since 2007. As a result of the policy, financial burden to cover financial deficit has become a big social issue. For successful settlement of the policy, the government should be able to gradually cut off the financial support for the deficit by continuously increasing the bus demand, which can be accomplished by providing more convenient bus services. The weather conditions that affect the public transportation demand include rain, fog and snow. They affect the mode choice for public transportation use, which in turn results in decrease in bus demand. In short, the adverse weather conditions result in significant profit loss of bus transportation, and consequently it financially burdens the City of Busan. In this research, the pattern of travelers' use of transportation modes given various weather conditions was analyzed. In addition, the reasons why people transfer from one to other transportation modes were analyzed by conducting a field survey, and policy implications on desirable public transportation facilities and transfer system were discussed.