• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.263-268
• /
• 2004

Two species of halophilic bacteria were isolated from five salted seafoods and identified by 16S rDNA sequenc­ing homology. One was identified as Halomonas subglaciescola and other four strains were belong to Halomo­nas marina. The identity of all isolates with standard organisms was above $95\%.$ H. subglaciescola, H. marina IN, and H. marina SH-2 grew in salinity condition from $3%\;to\;18\%$ NaCl but growth of H. marina SQ and H. marina SH-l grew in salinity environment from $8\%\;to\;17\%.$ Maximum biomass of H. subglaciescola, H. marina IN, H. marina SQ, H. marina SH-1, and H. marina SH-2 growing in LB medium containing $15\%$ NaCl were about 3.2, 4.5, 4.5, 5.7, and 4.2, however the maximum biomass in LB medium containing $5\%$ NaCl were about 2.2, 1.1, 0.7, 0.2, and 2.4 as optical density at 660 nm, respectively. In scanning electron micrograph, unknown material (mucus) attached to outer membrane of all isolates was observed. When mucus isolated from halophilic bacterial cell was added to culture of E. coli, E. coli grew in medium containing $15\%$ NaCl.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.450-455
• /
• 2017

Codonopsis lanceolata (Campanulaceae) has been widely used in traditional medicine and is considered to have medicinal properties to treat diseases and symptoms such as bronchitis, coughs, spasm, edema, hepatitis, colitis, and lung injury. In order to investigate whether native Codonopsis lanceolata extract alleviates ashmatic symptoms in vivo, we first carried out various antioxidant activities by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. The antioxidant activities were increased by adding Codonopsis lanceolata extract in a concentration-dependent manner which compared to ascorbic acid as a positive control. Histological studies using an ovalbumin-induced animal model exhibited potent anti-inflammatory potential by decreasing immuno-responsive cells in the lung by the extract by confirming H&E and PAS staining. It is revelaed that further immunihistochemical analysis showed anti-ashmatic capabilities by assessing histamine, IL-31, and MMP-9 expressions. The level of IL-13 expression in Codonopsis lanceolata extract-treated group was decreased upto 73.7% compared to control, whereas that of total cells and eosinophil counting in Codonopsis lanceolata extract-treated group was diminished to 73.5% and 80.9%, respectively. These results collectively indicate that the C. lanceolata extract ameliorates asthmatic symptoms effectively in an ovalbumin-challenged mice model, in that the extract can be used for the development of an anti-asthmatic food ingredient.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.760-767
• /
• 2010

The oxidative damage of lipids, protein, and DNA is known to be involved in not only chronic inflammations such as arthritis, hepatitis, nephritis, gastritis, colitis, and periodontitis but also metastasis. It has given impetus to searching for natural compounds without toxicity, which prevent the development of these diseases. The direct scavenging effects of aged black garlic extract (ABGE) were evaluated in vitro on DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and genomic DNA damage related to oxidative stress. Furthermore, its antioxidant effect on lipid peroxidation was investigated in human fibrosarcoma cells (HT1080), which were exposed to the hydroxyl radical generated by the Fenton reaction. It was observed that ABGE exhibited a greater inhibitory effect on hydrogen peroxide than other reactive oxygen species, and also blocked DNA oxidation and lipid peroxidation induced by the hydroxyl radical. The oxidative stress in live cells was also inhibited in the presence of ABGE. In addition, its inhibitory effects on the activity and expression of MMP-2 and -9 related to metastasis were determined using gelatin zymography and western blot. The data showed that it inhibited MMP-2 and -9 in PMA-stimulated HT1080 cells. Therefore, these results suggest that ABGE show potential as an excellent agent for prevention of metastasis related to oxidative stress.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.278-286
• /
• 2012

The growth inhibition effect of $Doenjang$ that was prepared with various kinds of solar salt was investigated. $Doenjang$ was prepared using the bacterial koji and five kind of salt with 12% salt concentration (w/w): purified salt $Doenjang$, one-year aged solar salt $Doenjang$, four-year aged solar salt $Doenjang$, topan solar salt $Doenjang$, and boiled solar salt $Doenjang$. The $Doenjangs$ were fermented and aged for 18 months. The growth inhibition effects of the water extracts and the methanol extracts of the $Doenjangs$ were measured on AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells, HT-29 colon carcinoma cells, and BJ human foreskin normal cells using MTT assay. The water and methanol extracts of the $Doenjang$ samples showed growth inhibition effects on the cancer cells, in the following order of the samples with the strongest to the weakest effect: the four-year aged solar salt $Doenjang$, the topan solar salt $Doenjang$, the boiled solar salt $Doenjang$, the one-year aged solar salt $Doenjang$, and the purified salt $Doenjang$. The methanol extracts of the four-year aged solar salt Doenjang (AGS: 55% and HT-29: 48%) showed the strongest growth inhibition effect. In addition, decreased cancer cell numbers and morphological changes in the cancer cells (AGS and HT-29) were observed when the methanol extract of the four-year aged solar salt $Doenjang$ was treated. None of the $Doenjang$ extracts showed a growth inhibition effect on the BJ normal cells, though.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.183-192
• /
• 2006

Purpose: This study was undertaken to evaluate the factors correlated with the clinical course and outcome in patients of Henoch-Sch${\ddot{o}}$nlein Purpura. Methods: The medical records of 104 children diagnosed with Henoch-Sch${\ddot{o}}$nlein Purpura (HSP) from January 1996 to April 2006 were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups: patients with Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and those without GI symptoms. When there were joint, scrotum, and renal symptoms except for skin lesion in whole HSP, those patients were excluded. The history of acute infection, duration of admission, treatment requirement, recurrence of HSP, CBC, stool occult blood test, abdominal ultrasonographic findings and GI endoscopic findings were reviewed. Results: Among 104 patients, patients with GI symptoms included 66 cases (63.5%), those without GI symptoms accounted for 38 cases (36.5%). GI symptoms included: abdominal pain in 57 cases (54.8%), vomiting 21 cases (20.2%), GI bleeding 5 cases (4.8%), nausea 3 cases (2.9%) and diarrhea 3 case (2.9%). Positive GI symptoms and GI mucosal lesions on GI endoscopy had a statistically significant correlation with increased admission duration, treatment requirement, recurrence of HSP, and positive stool occult blood. Six cases with small intestinal wall thickening were noted on abdominal ultrasonography. Six cases of hemorrhagic gastritis and hemorrhagic duodenitis, 3 cases of duodenal ulcer, 3 cases of hemorrhagic gastritis and duodenal ulcer, 2 cases of hemorrhagic duodenitis and colitis, and 1 case of colitis were noted on GI endoscopy. Conclusion: These results suggest that GI endoscopic examination may be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of children with HSP.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.49 no.6
• /
• pp.774-779
• /
• 2000

Pseudomembranous colitis, although uncommon, is an important complication of antibiotics that is related to a variety of deleterious effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Rifampicin is one of the 1st line agents in the treatment of tuberculosis and a large number of patients are exposed to its potential adverse effects. We report upon a patient that had diarrhea due to pseudomembranous colitis after receiving antitubeculous medication, and which was probably caused by rifampicin. A 77-year-old man was admitted with diarrhea of three weeks duration. One month previously, he suffered from left pleuritic chest pain and left pleural effusion was noticed at chest X-ray. One week prior to the onset of diarrhea, he was started on empirically isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazynamide as antituberculous medication. On admission, he complained of diarrhea, left pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea and sputum. On physical examination, breathing sound was decreased in the left lower lung field and bowel sound increased. Pleural biopsy revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation, which was compatible with tuberculosis, Sigmoidoscopy showed whitish to yellowish pseudomembrane with intervening normal mucosa, and his stool was positive for C.difficle toxin. He was diagnosed as pseudomembranous colitis and treated with oral metronidazole and vancomycin. The diarrhea did not recur after reinstitution of the anti-tuberculous medication without rifampicin inpatients with severe diarrhea receiving anti-tuberculous medication, rifampicin induced pseudomembranous colitis should be excluded.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.351-357
• /
• 2003

Purpose : To raise awareness of the clinical importance of, and the need for proper management of acute focal bacterial nephritis(AFBN), we analyzed 22 AFBN patients and 22 other upper urinary tract infection patients by use of comparative studies. Methods : From January 2000 to May 2002, 22 AFBN patients aged from 1 month to 12 months were selected. As a control group, 22 UTI patients with no radiologic abnormalities were selected and matched by age and sex. Results : The incidence of AFBN was more common in boys than in girls. Since both groups had similar symptoms, it was difficult to diagnose AFBN by clinical presentations alone. ESR and CRP were significantly higher in AFBN patients. The most common causative organism was E. coli in both groups. On the sonographic findings, the most lesions were seen on the upper lobe of the kidney; more frequently, on left kidney. The lesions showed globular or wedge-shaped increased echogenecity. $^{99m}Tc-DMSA$ scan showed the complete coincidence of the location, size and shape in all cases compared to the findings of renal sonography. Conclusion : The roles of renal sonography and DMSA scan were very important, and ultrasonography was an excellent initial tool in diagnosing AFBN. Since the degree of infection in AFBN is more severe than other urinary tract infections and evollution into a renal abscess is possible, early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotics therapy is essential.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 2016

RNase E (Rne) is an essential enzyme involved in the processing and degradation of a large portion of RNAs in Escherichia coli. The enzymatic activity of RNase E is controlled by regulators of ribonuclease activity, namely, RraA and RraB. Gram-positive bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor also contains homologs of Rne and RraA, designated as RNase ES (Rns), RraAS1, and RraAS2. In the present study, we investigated the effect of S. coelicolor RraAS1 on the ribonucleolytic activity of RNase E in E. coli. Coexpression of RraAS1 with Rne resulted in the decreased levels of rpsO, ftsZ, and rnhB mRNAs, which are RNase E substrates, and augmented the toxic effect of Rne overexpression on cell growth. These in vivo effects appeared to be induced by the binding of RraAS1 to Rne, as indicated by the results of co-immunoprecipitation analysis. These results suggested that RraAS1 induces ribonucleolytic activity of RNase E in E. coli.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.36 no.10
• /
• pp.685-690
• /
• 2014

The treatment of combined sewer overflow (CSO) is one of potential concerns in domestic wastewater treatment in Korea due to the pre-announce of CSO regulations. This work investigated the effects of disinfectant (NaOCl) concentration (0.11 to 4.0 mg $Cl_2/L$), pH (6.5 to 8.0), temperature (15 to $25^{\circ}C$), ammonia (10 to 41 mg N/L), and suspended solids (91 to 271 mg SS/L) on the chlorine disinfection of CSO. The effect of NaOCl concentration on the pseudo-$1^{st}$ order reaction rate for total coliform inactivation was described well with a saturation-type model with the half-velocity constant of 1.212 mg/L. The total coliform inactivation reaction rate decreased with SS and pH, and increased with temperature. Ammonia in the examined range did not affect the disinfection kinetics. A chlorine contact tank with the injection chlorine level of 1 mg $Cl_2/L$ and the hydraulic retention time of 1.25 min is estimated to reduce total coliform from $1{\times}10^5MPN/mL$ to 1,000 MPN/mL at 271 mg SS/L, $15^{\circ}C$, and pH 8.0. Chlorine would be a proper option for the disinfection of CSO.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 1986

In order to examine related bacteria on the maturation of cured loin ham, bacteria isolated during curing periods from ham, which counted coliform group, psychrotrophic and halo-tolerant bacteria. The results are as follows; The isolated bacteria from ham during the curing period were Staphylococcus spp. 24 strains, Bacillus spp. 21 strains, Lactobacillus spp. 10 strains, Coryneform 2 strains. Microbacterium spp. 2 strains and Gram negative rods 8 strains. Micrococcus spp. were identified M. varians 12 strains and M. luteus 3 strains, and Streptococcus spp. identified S. faecium 14 strains, S. lactis 2 strains. Lactobacillus spp. were isolated L. Plantarum 4 strains, L. brevis and L. casei 1 strains. In the case of cured ham, the number of coliform group and psychrotrophic bacteria were decreased but halo-tolerant bacteria were increased for 10 days of curing period. On the brine solution. the number of coliform group, psychrotrophic and halo-tolerant bacteria were increased for 10 days. 4 days and 20 days, respectively.