• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1761-1770
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• 2017

Treatment for cerebral blood flows is one of the most important treatments for cerebral infarction. There is a concern that the increasing number of cerebral blood flow treatments can cause multiple complications as it is invasive. To compensate for these problems, recently non-invasive cerebral blood flow increases have emerged. However, the current implementation of the non-invasive cerebral blood flow sensor raises the question of speed and accuracy. In this theses, the system aims to minimize the final cortical damage to the cerebrum by implementing a system in a completely different manner to complement the disadvantages of the existing non-invasive cerebral blood flow device. The system measure the PI of the limbs while simultaneously pressing limbs. Blood flow rate is carried out indirectly by increasing blood flow to peer pressure through the limbs in which the PI eips below a certain level. This can be used selectively in patients to increase blood flow.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1752-1760
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• 2017

One of the treatments and preventions of strokes such as ischemic stroke is to increase cerebral blood flow. This aims to minimize the size of the stroke by increasing the quantity of blood to the cerebral region circuitously. Several ways to increase cerebral blood flow are a therapy though drugs and through surgery. However these invasive method giving a burden to the patient, the problem of inducing a number of complications were noted. In this thesis, we propose a non-invasive brain flow enhancer to complement the disadvantages of such invasive treatment methods. To compensate for the shortcomings of the existing devices, the patient's blood pressure is accurately measured and the blood pressure is applied to the extremities, thereby increasing blood flow to the femoral region to produce blood clotting treatments. Although somewhat inadequate blood flow increases compared to conventional devices, blood flow can be significantly increased, which can be selectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.171-174
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• 2017

One of the treatments and preventions of strokes such as ischemic stroke is to increase cerebral blood flow. This aims to minimize the size of the stroke by increasing the quantity of blood to the cerebral region circuitously. Several ways to increase cerebral blood flow are a therapy though drugs and through surgery. However these invasive method giving a burden to the patient, the problem of inducing a number of complications were noted. In this thesis, we propose a non-invasive cerebral blood flow augmentation device to compensate for the disadvantages of these invasive treatments. To compensate for the shortcomings of the existing cerebral blood flow device, apply a positive measure of the patient's extremities to measure the blood pressure of the patient's blood pressure and conduct a frontal injection of blood flow to increase blood flow. Although somewhat inadequate blood flow increases compared to conventional devices, blood flow can be significantly increased, which can be selectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.43-43
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• 2003

목적 : 남, 여 ADHD 환자에서 뇌 혈류상태의 차이점을 알아보기 위하여, 다른 정신과적 질환이 없는 ADHD 환자의 SPECT 뇌혈류 영상에 대하여 SPM을 통한 뇌 혈류상태의 차이점을 비교분석하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 남자 ADHD 환자군 51 명 (4-11세, 평균 9.0세)과 정상군 8명(6-17세, 평균, 9.6세) 그리고, 여자 ADHD 환자군 13명(6-12세 평균 9.0세)과 정상군 4 명(6-12세 평균 9.0세)의 SPECT영상을 비교분석하였다. 방사성의약품 $^{99m}$ Tc-ECD 0.33mCi/kg을 환자의 정맥내에 주사하고 30분후 잠을 재운상태에서 Multi SPECT3 camera를 이용하여 영상을 기록하였다. Matlab을 이용한 SPM program에서 남여별 ADHD환자의 뇌혈류지도 영상을 비교하였으며, BOLD(blood oxygenation level dependent effect) data plotting을 이용하여 혈류증가율과 감소율을 분석하였다. 결과 : 1) 남자 ADHD환자군의 혈류증가부위의 경우, P<0.02 에서 대상회전 (cingulate gyrus)이 나타나 P<0.05까지 한 부위에서만 나타났으며, 정상군에 비하여 15.61%의 혈류증가율을 나타내었다. 혈류감소부위로는 P<0.004에서 좌측 대뇌 도이랑 (insula gyrus), P<0.005에서 우측 대뇌 측두엽이랑, P<0.007에서는 우측 대뇌 전두엽아래이랑에서 각각 감소되었으며 P<0.01에서는 좌측 대뇌 전두엽 아래이랑에서도 나타났다. ADHD 환자군은 정상군에 비하여 각각의 클러스터에서 평균 14.97-15.28%의 혈류 감소율을 보였다. 뇌 혈류의 증가율과 감소율은 유의 수준변화에 영향을 받지 않았다. 2) 여자 ADHD환자의 혈류증가의 경우 P<0.003에서 소뇌 후엽 중앙부위, P<0.005에서는 좌측 대뇌 변연엽, P<0.009에서는 좌측 대뇌 측두엽 그리고 P<0.02에서는 소뇌 후엽을 비롯하여 9개부분에서 혈류증가 클러스터가 나타났으며, ADHD환자군은 정상군에 비하여 24.68-31.25%의 혈류증가율을 나타내었다. 혈류감소를 나타낸 부위로는 P<0.001에서 좌측 대뇌의 렌즈핵(lentiform nucleus), P<0.003에서 우측 대뇌의 렌즈핵 그리고 P<0.005에서 P<0.01까지 좌측 대뇌 측두엽중심에서 나타났다. 각각의 클러스터에서 평균 혈류감소율은 30.57-30.84%이었다. 결론 : 남여ADHD 환자의 혈류 증가와 감소부위는 서로 일치하지 않았으며 여자의 경우 혈류 증가와 감소율이 남자보다 더 크게 나타나, ADHD환자의 SPECT를 이용한 분석에서 남여환자를 동시에 분석하는 것 보다는 남여환자를 구분하여 실시하는 것이 더욱 정확한 진단정보를 제공할 수 있다고 판단된다.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.31-41
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• 2004

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in childhood, especially school age children and persisting into adult. ADHD is affected 7.6% in our children, Korea. and persisting into $15{\sim}20%$ in adult. And it is characterized by hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity. Brain imaging is one of way to diagnosis for ADHD. Brain imaging studies may be provide information two types - structural and functional imaging. Structural and functional images of the brain play an important role in management of neurologic and psyciatric disorders. Brain SPECT, with perfusion imaging radiopharmaceuticals is one of the appropriate test to diagnosis of neurologic and psychiatric diseases. Ther are a few studies about separated analysis between boys and girls ADHD SPECT brain images. Selection of Probability level(P-value) is very important to determind the abnormalities when analysis a data by SPM. SPM is a statistical method used for image analysis and determine statistical different between two groups-normal and ADHD. Commonly used P-value is P<0.05 in statistical analysis. The purpose of this study is to evaluation of blood flow clusters distribution, between boys and girls ADHD. The number of normal boys are 8(6-7y, average : $9.6{\pm}3.9y$) and 51(4-11y, average : $9.0{\pm}2.4$) ADHD patients, and normal girls are 4(6-12y, average : $9{\pm}2.4y$) and 13(2-13y, average $10{\pm}3.5y$) ADHD patiens. Blood flow tracer $^{99m}Tc-ethylcysteinate$ dimer(ECD) injected as rCBF agent and take blood flow images after 30 min. during sleeping by SPECT camera. The anatomical region of hyperperfusion of rCBF in boys ADHD group is posterior cingulate gyrus and hyperperfusion rate is 15.39-15.77% according to p-value. And girls ADHD group appears at posterior cerebellum, Lt. cerbral limbic lobe and Lt. Rt. cerebral temporal lobe. These areas hyperperfusion rate are 24.68-31.25%. Hypoperfusion areas in boys ADHD,s brain are Lt. cerebral insular gyrus, Lt. Rt. frontal lobe and mid-prefrontal lobe, these areas decresed blood flow as 15.21-15.64%. Girls ADHD decreased blood flow regions are Lt. cerebral insular gyrus, Lt. cerebral frontal and temporal lobe, Lt. Rt. lentiform nucleus and Lt. parietal lobe. And hypoperfusion rate is 30.57-30.85% in girls ADHD. The girls ADHD group's perfusion rate is more variable than boys. The studies about rCBF in ADHD, should be separate with boys and girls.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1016-1026
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• 2017

Shipping Along with the aging of the total population, its importance is greater cause of stroke, which is one of the diseases are listed cerebral perfusion is about 80%,.ie that the flow of blood flowing to the brain is reduced as the cause. One of the most typical prophylaxis and treatment of these stroke is to enhance cerebral perfusion. There are several ways to increase cerebral blood flow are a therapy through drugs, through surgery and invasive NeuroFlo. NeuroFlo is to insert a catheter to which a balloon is attached into a patient's artery. However, since the method of enhancing conventional cerebral perfusion have been conducted mainly in invasive method, giving a burden to the patient, the problem of inducing a number of complications were noted. In this paper, an attempt to supplement the shortcomings of such invasive brain perfusion increase method, to provide a device to enhance the non-invasively brain perfusion.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1083-1089
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• 2018

Surgery to increase cerebral blood flow is one of the treatment methods of cerebral infarction. In order to supplement this invasive method, non-invasive devices have been introduced that use human blood pressure to pressurize the extremities to increase cerebral blood flow. However, the problem of poor speed and accuracy was raised. In this paper, the perfusion index of each arm is measured by applying pressure to both arms using Blood Oxygen Level Sensor to improve the accuracy of measurement and measurement time. The pressure applied to the arm is calculated by using the pressure value obtained from the arm. Like the existing blood pressure measuring cerebral blood flow increasing device, the blood flow can be increased by more than 20% and the measurement time can be shortened, so that it can be selectively used for the patient with cerebral infarction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.188-192
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• 2018

Surgery to increase cerebral blood flow is one of the treatment methods of cerebral infarction. However, invasive methods, such as surgery, may result in postoperative complications or side effects. In order to supplement this invasive method, non-invasive devices have been introduced that use human blood pressure to pressurize the extremities to increase cerebral blood flow. However, the problem of poor speed and accuracy was raised. In this paper, the perfusion index of each arm was measured by applying pressure to both arms using Blood Oxygen Level Sensor to improve the accuracy of measurement and measurement time. The pressure applied to the arm by 75% of the moment when it falls to the leg and the pressure calculated by using the pressure value obtained from the arm. Like the existing blood pressure measuring cerebral blood flow increasing device, the blood flow can be increased by more than 20% and the measurement time can be shortened, so that it can be selectively used for the patient with cerebral infarction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.296-304
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• 2005

Quantitative analysis compare to dynamic characteristic change of the regional cerebral blood volume(rCBV) after development of cerebral fat embolism in cats using perfusion magnetic resonance(MR) Imaging. Twenty cats were used. Linoleic acid (n=11) were injected into the internal carotid artery using microcatheter through the transfemoral approach. Polyvinyl alcohol (Ivalon) (n=9) was injected as a control group. Perfusion MR images were obtained at 30 minutes and 2 hours after embolization, based on T2 and diffusion-weighted images. The data was time-to-signal intensity curve and ${\Delta}R_2^*$ curve were obtained continuously with the aid of home-maid image process algorithm and IDL(interactive data Banguage, USA) softwares. The ratios of rCBV increased significantly at 2 hours compared with those of 30 minutes (P<0.005). In conclusion, cerebral blood flow decreased in cerebral fat embolism immediately after embolization and recovered remarkably in time course. It is thought that clinically informations to dynamic characteristic change of the cerebral hemodynamics to the early finding in cerebral infarction by diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) and perfusion weighted imaging(PWI).

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.455-456
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• 2008

근적외선 분광법(Near-infrared spectroscopy, NIRS)은 대뇌피질에서의 혈류변화(oxy-, deoxyhemoglobin의 농도변화)를 비침습적으로 측정할 수 있는 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 향후 뇌-컴퓨터 접속기술(Brain computer interface)에 적용하기위한 초기 연구단계로, 쥐의 수염을 자극시 활성화되는 대뇌수염피질 영역에서의 혈류변화 및 전기신호를 동시에 측정하고 두 신호의 패턴을 분석한다.