• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.10-18
• /
• 2022

Air-drop hammer press and counterblow hammer press are widely used power-drop forging hammersemploying different forging blow mechanisms. It is important and necessary to analyze mechanical vibrations of these two different hammers in their forging processes in order to develop high performance forging hammers. In this study, these two forging hammers were mathematically modelled as mass-spring-damper systems. For these two different types of forging hammers, the forging efficiency and mechanical vibrations due to hammer forging blow were theoretically analyzed and compared. The force transmitted to the ground was also determined and compared. Especially, effects of mass ratio and restitution coefficient on forging efficiency were investigated.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.1539-1544
• /
• 1995

Copper blow test to measure the forging capability of 35 ton counterblow hammer and upset of plasticine on the model hammer to investigate the change of the blow efficiency during the forging process have been performed together with finite element analyses of these experiments. The blow efficiency of the hammer has been found to be dependent on the friction and on the contact area between the die and the workpiece. The effects of the volume and the aspect ratio of the billet have not been found. Inferring from the experimental results and Schey's empirical formula on the forging load, we expect that the efficiency also varies with the flow stress of the workpiece material and with the shape complexity of the forging product.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.338-341
• /
• 2009

In this paper, three-dimensional finite element approach to determining the number of blows in hammer forging is presented. Energy efficiency which is a major factor affecting the number of blows in hammer forging is assumed to decrease linearly as die-material contact area increases. The approach is applied to predicting the number of blows in counterblow hammer forging of large crank shaft for medium sized ship engine.

• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제21권8호
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2022

The vibration characteristics of a hammer press are important parameters for machine design and production control. In this study, a counterblow hammer press was mathematically modelled as a mass-spring-damper system in order to analyze its vibration characteristics. The forging efficiency was theoretically derived as a function of the mass ratio, momentum ratio, and the coefficient of restitution And the effects of the mass ratio, momentum ratio and the restitution coefficient on the forging efficiency were also investigated for two particular cases of the unit mass ratio and unit momentum ratio. Additionally, the vibration responses of the counterblow hammer press due to the ram colliding impact were analyzed, and the force transmitted to the foundation through the mounting unit was determined.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 1992년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.63-67
• /
• 1992

본 논문은 프레스나 해머로 생산되는 리브/웨브 형태를 갖는 축대칭 부품에 대한 블로커설계 자동화시스템의 개발에 관하여 설명한 다. 플레시를 갖는 밀폐형단조 공정에서 블로커 형상의 설계는 매우 중요하다. 일반적으로 단조공정에서 부품의 형상은 대부분 3차 원 형상이다. 그러나 복잡한 3차원 형상의 부품을 그대로 고려하여 설계한다는 것은 어려움이 많고 실용적이지도 못하다. 따라서 블로커를 설계할 때 부품을 단면으로 도려함으로서 설계작업을 단순화시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 축대칭 형태의 부품만을 고려하였다. 한 부품단면은 리브나 웨브와 같은 부분단면들로 분할할 수 있으며, 이 부분단면들에 대하여 설계규칙과 데이타베이스를 적용함으로서 블로커형상을 설계할 수 있다. 부품단면의 형상을 분할하여 시스템 내에 인식시키기 위하여 단면을 도면요소표현, 좌표 및 반경표현 그리고 속성표현으로 나타냈으며 여기에 단면의 도면요소표현은 부품의 체적, 단면적, 원주길이 및 반단면의 질량중심을 계산하는데 쉽게 이용될 수 있다. 그리고 좌표 및 반경표현은 경사각, 코너반경과 필렛반경을 수정하는데 그리고 속성표현은 리브와 웨브의 형태와 특성을 고려하여 블로커를 설계하는데 이용될 수 있다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.228-232
• /
• 2001

Fatigue strength, electrical conductivity and stress-corrosion-cracking resistance are considered as important factors at aircraft Al alloys, therefore Al7050 alloy has been developed to improve such properties. However, hammer-forged Al7050 parts showed the undesirable structures such as severe local grain coarsening and inhomogeneous material flow, resulted in the degraded mechanical properties. In this paper, process conditions are investigated for elimination of the grain coarsening and improved material flow during forging process by both of experiments and FEM analysis. Particular interest has been given to understand role of preform shape on the grain coarsening behavior and magnitude of the hammer forging load The use of preform has been beneficial for reduction of the forging load and elimination of the grain coarsening. However, in the cases of as received bar and the round bar, which was machined to 2.5mm thickness in surface layer, some degree of local grain coarsening behavior has been observed. The optimized preform shape could be properly designed by applying the FEM simulation.

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.70-75
• /
• 2012

In mechanical industries, forging is one of the basic process. But comparing the other developed industries, forging industries can not reach at the level of that development. In forging industries, the quality of the products totally depends on the skills of workers and also the precision of the equipments. Particularly because the open die forging industry is unable to deviate from the past method of production and all works are manually progressed, the operator is always exposed to the danger. In the regard some additional device has been made especially. Thus, in this research, by using the forklift as the means for the manipulation of the development object system, it tries to be comprised the process automation. After than it is fitted with the forklift for safe and easy handling of jobs and products during open die forging process. First of all, development system mold has been assembled to the system, after than it is assembled with forklift. This development system has been applied for handling of large scale products more than 300kg, and the satisfactory result with uniform quality of the products have been achieved due to this mechanical setup.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.250-256
• /
• 1997

Hammer forging was employed for Alloy 718 disk. The change in grain size during hot forging depends very much on dynamic recrystallization. The final grain size depends especially on the critical strain$($\varepsilon$_C)$/TEX> for dynamic recrystallization and Zener-Holloman parameter(Z). In this study, the critical strain$($\varepsilon$_C)$, the strain for 50 pct. recrystallization$($\varepsilon$_{0.5})$ and fraction of dynamic recrystallization(Xdyn) were measured by compression tests. FE simulation was also carried out ot predict the evolution of microstructure. The strain, strain rate and temperature distribution predicted by forging simulation can be effectively used to predict the distribution of grain sizes in the forged workpiece. The present model predictions showed an excellent agreement with the microstructural evolution of hammer-forged Alloy 718 disks.