• Title/Summary/Keyword: 단단함

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Trough방법에 의한 광범위 기관 협착의 치료

  • 김광현;변성완;문병권
    • Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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    • 1995.04a
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    • pp.89.2-89
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    • 1995
  • 일반적으로 기관협착의 치료는 기관절재후 단단문합술로 가능하나 광범위한 기관협착이 발생하였을 때는 그 치료가 매우 어렵다. 이경우는 기도전벽을 개방하여 경부 피부와 기관연을 봉합하는 Trough를 형성한 뒤 이차적으로 연골이식이나 경부 피부를 이용한 피판을 만들어서 기관을 재건하는 Trough방법이 주로 적용되고 있다. 이 때 이식되는 연골은 늑연골 이나 비중격 연골이며 측벽의 재건에는 늑연골이 좋고 전벽의 재건에는 점막이 붙어 있는 비중격 연골의 복합이식편이 사용될 수 있다. 본 교실에서는 기관 절제 후 단단문합술이 불가능하였던 5명의 환자에서 Trough방법을 이용하여 기관 재건에 성공하였기에 그 결과를 보고하고자 한다.

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단단 G-M 극저온 냉동기 HPS80200(200W@80K) 개발품 냉동능력 평가

  • Lee, Dong-Ju;Park, Jong-Yun;Mun, Jae-Yeong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2016.02a
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    • pp.109.1-109.1
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    • 2016
  • 진공산업 분야에서 OLED 디스플레이가 큰 시장으로 성장하며 크라이오 펌프가운데서 특별히 수분만 집중적으로 배기할 수 있는 워터펌프(CWP or cold trap)가 각광받고 있다. 이에 현민지브이티(Genesis)는 중소기업청 중소기업개발지원사업의 일환으로 진행된 2014년도 구매조건부 신제품 개발사업에 선정되어 '극저온 G-M냉동기를 이용한 대용량 Cold Trap개발'과제를 수행하면서 32인치 급으로 수분에 대해서 30,000[L/s] 이상의 배기속도를 가지는 대형 CWP를 개발하고 있다. 그 일환으로 본 CWP에 장착할 80K에서 200W급 단단 G-M 냉동기를 2015년 국내 최초로 개발하였다. 본 HPS80200(200W @80K) 단단 G-M냉동기에 대한 성능시험을 수행하던 중 기존 평가방식에 보완할 부분이 있음을 확인하였다. 통상적으로 G-M냉동기의 냉동능력은 저온 스테이지 상단에 온도센서와 히터가 설치된 히터 블럭을 장착한 후 일정한 열부하를 인가하면서 77K 또는 80K에서의 냉동능력을 측정한다. 문제는 여기에 설치하는 온도센서의 장착 위치의 중요성이다. 즉, 어느 부위의 온도를 냉동기의 대표 온도로 정하느냐에 따라 냉동기의 성능 값에 큰 차이를 나타내기 때문이다. 실제 확인 결과, 온도는 히터블럭 내의 위치뿐 아니라 저온 스테이지 부위별로도 크게 차이를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 보다 합리적이고 정확한 냉동 능력 측정을 위해 77K 에서 냉동기의 질소 액화 능력으로 냉동능력을 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 개발된 HPS80200냉동기의 보다 정확한 냉동능력(77K에서 200W 이상임을 확인함)을 측정할 수 있었고 냉동기의 저온 스테이지에서 대표온도로 설정할 수 있는 위치도 확인할 수 있었다.

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Prediction of Firmness and Strength of Low-ester Pectin Gel from Chemical Composition (Low-ester Pectin Gel의 단단함과 강도(强度)의 예측)

  • Kim, Woo-Jung;Smit, C.J.B.;Rao, V.N.M.
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.364-371
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    • 1986
  • High-ester pectin was demethylated by the treatments of HCl alone and a combination of HCl and $NH_4OH$. The low-ester pectin prepared were analyzed for chemical composition and the pectin gels were evaluated for firmness by sag values and strength by puncture stress. Gels made from HCl demethylated sample showed brittle, weak and poor elastic characteristics while the $HCl-NH_4OH$ treated samples generally resulted in a smooth and elastic gels except those samples having very low content of ester group or acid amide group. Statistical analysis showed that significant correlations were found between sag values and ester content or molecular weight, and puncture stress and ester content, acid amide groups or molecular weight. The equations derived for sag, puncture stress and sag/puncture stress from chemical data could be useful for prediction of some of the physical properties of low-ester pectin gel.

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Design of a Partitionable Single-Stage Shuffle-Exchange Network (분할 가능한 단단계(Single-Stage) Shuffle-Exchange 네트워크의 설계)

  • Lee, Jae-Dong
    • Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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    • v.30 no.3_4
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    • pp.130-137
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    • 2003
  • This paper presents the problem of partitioning the Single-Stage Shuffle-Exchange Network(SSEN). An algorithm, named SSEN_to_PSEN, is devised to transform an SSEN into a Partitionable Shuffle-Exchange Network (PSEN). The proposed algorithm presents that the SSEN can be partitioned into independent sub-networks without additional links for N $\leq$ 8. Additional links are needed in order to partition an SSEN, but only when N $\geq$ 16. The running time of the algorithm SSEN_to_PSEN is $\theta$(NlogN). By comparing with a hypercube network, the PSEN is less expensive than a hypercube network even when some additional links are added. By partitioning, a large PSEN in a massively parallel machine can compute various problems for multiple users simultaneously, thereby the processing efficiency of the machine is improved.

A Study on the Vibration Isolation Effect of Wave Barrier in Frozen Soils (동결지반 내 방진벽의 차진성능에 관한 연구)

  • Heo, Yeong
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.362-367
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    • 2001
  • The stiff top layer in a soil profile, which can happen in winter, may change the isolation effect of the wave barrier. The research scope of this paper is the investigation of the propagation of surface waves in layered soil with a stiff layer on its top, and the isolation effect of the solid stiff wave barrier. The investigations have been performed numerically by the Boundary-Element Method as a two-dimensional problem. A strip foundation vibrated harmonically in vertical direction was considered as the vibration source. Three soil profiles, a homogeneous half-space, two profiles with different thickness of stiff top layer, with two different types of wave barriers were investigated. The profiles with a stiff top layer show considerable reductions of the amplitude of the vibration in comparison to the homogeneous soil profile. The layered soil profiles with a stiff top layer do not show wave propagation velocities as high as they are expected from the material properties. Furthermore the vibration amplitudes in a frozen soil are much smaller with distance than in a non-frozen soil.

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Effects of Stator Shroud Injection on the Aerodynamic Performance of a Single-Stage Transonic Axial Compressor (정익 슈라우드 공기분사가 단단 천음속 축류압축기의 공력성능에 미치는 영향)

  • Dinh, Cong-Truong;Ma, Sang-Bum;Kim, Kwang Yong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.9-19
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    • 2017
  • In this study, stator shroud injection in a single-stage transonic axial compressor is proposed. A parametric study of the effect of stator shroud injection on aerodynamic performances was conducted using the three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The curvature, length, width, and circumferential angle of the stator shroud injector and the air injection mass flow rate were selected as the test parameters. The results of the parametric study show that the aerodynamic performances of the single-stage transonic axial compressor were improved by stator shroud injection. The aerodynamic performances were the most sensitive to the injection mass flow rate. Further, the total pressure ratio and adiabatic efficiency were the maximum when the ratio of circumferential angle was 10%.

Sensory Characteristics and Consumer Acceptance of Yakgwa with Glutinous Rice Flour (찹쌀가루 첨가 약과의 관능적 특성 및 소비자 기호도)

  • Park, Jin-Sook;Shin, Malshick;Choe, Eunok;Lee, Kyong-Ae
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.271-277
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    • 2016
  • This study was performed to identify sensory characteristics of the Korean traditional cookie Yakgwa prepared by partially replacing wheat flour with glutinous rice flour as well as to conduct cross-cultural comparison of the sensory descriptions of the Yakgwa sample set between Korea and Chinese panelists. Korean and Chinese highly trained panelists identified 22 sensory attributes by descriptive analysis. The addition of glutinous rice flour decreased soybean oil odor, moistness, oiliness and increased hardness, crispness of the Yakgwa samples. In the consumer test, consumers from Korea (n=89) and China (n=56) participated. Yakgwa with 50% glutinous rice flour had a significantly higher overall acceptability than other the Yakgwa samples by Korean and Chinese consumers.

The Review for Various Mold Fabrication toward Economical Imprint Lithography (미세패턴 전사기법을 위한 다양한 몰드 제작법 소개)

  • Kim, Joo-Hee;Kim, Youn-Sang
    • Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.96-104
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    • 2010
  • We suggest here a cost-effective replica fabrication method for transparent and hard molds for imprinting lithography such as NIL and S-FIL. The process starts with the use of a replica hard mold from a master, using a polymer copy as a carrier. The polymer copy as a carrier was treated by soluble process for forming anti-adhesion layer. Duplicated hard molds can eliminate direct contact between a hard master and a patterned polymer on a substrate and the generated contamination of a master during the imprinting process. The replica hard mold exhibits the glass-like properties introduced here, such as transparency and hardness, make it appropriate for nanoimprint lithography and step-and-flash imprint lithography.